Exposing a port on a live Docker container

Question

I m trying to create a Docker container that acts like a full-on virtual machine  I know I can use the EXPOSE instruction inside a Dockerfile to expose a port  and I can use the -p flag with docker run to assign ports  but once a container is actually running  is there a command to open map additional ports live   For example  let s say I have a Docker container that is running sshd  Someone else using the container ssh s in and installs httpd  Is there a way to expose port 80 on the container and map it to port 8080 on the host  so that people can visit the web server running in the container  without restarting it

User · Answer

You can use SSH to create a tunnel and expose your container in your host.

You can do it in both ways, from container to host and from host to container. But you need a SSH tool like OpenSSH in both (client in one and server in another).

For example, in the container, you can do

$ yum install -y openssh openssh-server.x86_64
service sshd restart
Stopping sshd:                                             [FAILED]
Generating SSH2 RSA host key:                              [  OK  ]
Generating SSH1 RSA host key:                              [  OK  ]
Generating SSH2 DSA host key:                              [  OK  ]
Starting sshd:                                             [  OK  ]
$ passwd # You need to set a root password..

You can find the container IP address from this line (in the container):

$ ifconfig eth0 | grep "inet addr" | sed 's/^[^:]*:\([^ ]*\).*/\1/g'
172.17.0.2

Then in the host, you can just do:

sudo ssh -NfL 80:0.0.0.0:80 [email protected]

User · Answer

There is a handy HAProxy wrapper   docker run -it -p LOCALPORT PROXYPORT --rm --link TARGET CONTAINER EZNAME -e  BACKEND HOST EZNAME  -e  BACKEND PORT PROXYPORT  demandbase docker-tcp-proxy   This creates an HAProxy to the target container   easy peasy

User · Answer

You cannot do this via Docker  but you can access the container s un-exposed port from the host machine  If you have a container with something running on its port 8000  you can run wget http   container ip 8000  To get the container s IP address  run the 2 commands  docker ps docker inspect container name   grep IPAddress  Internally  Docker shells out to call iptables when you run an image  so maybe some variation on this will work  To expose the container s port 8000 on your localhost s port 8001  iptables -t nat -A  DOCKER -p tcp --dport 8001 -j DNAT --to-destination 172 17 0 19 8000  One way you can work this out is to setup another container with the port mapping you want  and compare the output of the iptables-save command  though  I had to remove some of the other options that force traffic to go via the docker proxy   NOTE  this is subverting docker  so should be done with the awareness that it may well create blue smoke  OR Another alternative is to look at the  new  post 0 6 6   -P option - which will use random host ports  and then wire those up  OR With 0 6 5  you could use the LINKs feature to bring up a new container that talks to the existing one  with some additional relaying to that container s -p flags   I have not used LINKs yet   OR With docker 0 11  you can use docker run --net host    to attach your container directly to the host s network interfaces  i e   net is not namespaced  and thus all ports you open in the container are exposed

User · Answer

Based on Robm s answer I have created a Docker image and a Bash script called portcat  Using portcat  you can easily map multiple ports to an existing Docker container  An example using the  optional  Bash script  curl -sL https   raw githubusercontent com archan937 portcat master script install   sudo bash portcat my-awesome-container 3456 4444 8080  And there you go  Portcat is mapping   port 3456 to my-awesome-container 3456 port 4444 to my-awesome-container 8080  Please note that the Bash script is optional  the following commands  ipAddress   docker inspect my-awesome-container   grep IPAddress   grep -o   0-9   1 3       0-9   1 3      3      head -n 1  docker run -p 3456 3456 -p 4444 4444 --name alpine-portcat -it pmelegend portcat latest  ipAddress 3456 4444 8080  I hope portcat will come in handy for you guys  Cheers

User · Answer

Here s what I would do    Commit the live container  Run the container again with the new image  with ports open  I d recommend mounting a shared volume and opening the ssh port as well      sudo docker ps  sudo docker commit  lt containerid gt   lt foo live gt  sudo docker run -i -p 22 -p 8000 80 -m  data  data -t  lt foo live gt   bin bash

User · Answer

Read Ricardo s response first  This worked for me   However  there exists a scenario where this won t work if the running container was kicked off using docker-compose  This is because docker-compose  I m running docker 1 17  creates a new network  The way to address this scenario would be  docker network ls  Then append the following  docker run -d --name sqlplus --link db db -p 1521 1521 sqlplus --net network name

User · Answer

It s not possible to do live port mapping but there are multiple ways you can give a Docker container what amounts to a real interface like a virtual machine would have    Macvlan Interfaces  Docker now includes a Macvlan network driver  This attaches a Docker network to a  real world  interface and allows you to assign that networks addresses directly to the container  like a virtual machines bridged mode    docker network create       -d macvlan       --subnet 172 16 86 0 24       --gateway 172 16 86 1        -o parent eth0 pub net   pipework can also map a real interface into a container or setup a sub interface in older versions of Docker   Routing IP s  If you have control of the network you can route additional networks to your Docker host for use in the containers    Then you assign that network to the containers and setup your Docker host to route the packets via the docker network    Shared host interface  The --net host option allows the host interface to be shared into a container but this is probably not a good setup for running multiple containers on the one host due to the shared nature

User · Answer

I had to deal with this same issue and was able to solve it without stopping any of my running containers  This is a solution up-to-date as of February 2016  using Docker 1 9 1  Anyway  this answer is a detailed version of  ricardo-branco s answer  but in more depth for new users   In my scenario  I wanted to temporarily connect to MySQL running in a container  and since other application containers are linked to it  stopping  reconfiguring  and re-running the database container was a non-starter   Since I d like to access the MySQL database externally  from Sequel Pro via SSH tunneling   I m going to use port 33306 on the host machine   Not 3306  just in case there is an outer MySQL instance running    About an hour of tweaking iptables proved fruitless  even though   Step by step  here s what I did   mkdir db-expose-33306 cd db-expose-33306 vim Dockerfile   Edit dockerfile  placing this inside     Exposes port 3306 on linked  db  container  to be accessible at host 33306 FROM ubuntu latest    Recommended to use the same base as the DB container   RUN apt-get update  amp  amp        apt-get -y install socat  amp  amp        apt-get clean  USER nobody EXPOSE 33306  CMD socat -dddd TCP-LISTEN 33306 reuseaddr fork TCP db 3306   Then build the image   docker build -t your-namespace db-expose-33306     Then run it  linking to your running container   Use -d instead of -rm to keep it in the background until explicitly stopped and removed  I only want it running temporarily in this case    docker run -it --rm --name db-33306 --link the live db container db -p 33306 33306  your-namespace db-expose-33306

User · Answer

Here are some solutions   https   forums docker com t how-to-expose-port-on-running-container 3252 12     The solution to mapping port while running the container       docker run -d --net host myvnc      that will expose and map the port automatically to your host

User · Answer

IPtables hacks don t work  at least on Docker 1 4 1   The best way would be to run another container with the exposed port and relay with socat  This is what I ve done to  temporarily  connect to the database with SQLPlus   docker run -d --name sqlplus --link db db -p 1521 1521 sqlplus   Dockerfile   FROM debian 7  RUN apt-get update  amp  amp        apt-get -y install socat  amp  amp        apt-get clean  USER nobody  CMD socat -dddd TCP-LISTEN 1521 reuseaddr fork TCP db 1521

User · Answer

In case no answer is working for someone - check if your target container is already running in docker network   CONTAINER my-target-container docker inspect  CONTAINER   grep NetworkMode          NetworkMode    my-network-name     Save it for later in the variable  NET NAME   NET NAME   docker inspect --format     HostConfig NetworkMode     CONTAINER    If yes  you should run the proxy container in the same network   Next look up the alias for the container   docker inspect  CONTAINER   grep -A2 Aliases                  Aliases                          my-alias                        23ea4ea42e34a    Save it for later in the variable  ALIAS   ALIAS   docker inspect --format    index  NetworkSettings Networks    NET NAME    Aliases  0     CONTAINER    Now run socat in a container in the network  NET NAME to bridge to the  ALIASed container s exposed  but not published  port   docker run       --detach --name my-new-proxy       --net  NET NAME       --publish 8080 1234       alpine socat TCP-LISTEN 1234 fork TCP-CONNECT  ALIAS 80

User · Answer

Here s another idea  Use SSH to do the port forwarding  this has the benefit of also working in OS nbsp X  and probably Windows  when your Docker host is a VM   docker exec -it  lt containterid gt  ssh -R5432 localhost 5432  lt user gt   lt hostip gt

User · Answer

While you cannot expose a new port of an existing container  you can start a new container in the same Docker network and get it to forward traffic to the original container     docker run     --rm     -p  PORT 1234     verb socat       TCP-LISTEN 1234 fork       TCP-CONNECT  TARGET CONTAINER IP  TARGET CONTAINER PORT   Worked Example  Launch a web-service that listens on port 80  but do not expose its internal port 80  oops       docker run -ti mkodockx docker-pastebin     Forgot to expose PORT 80    Find its Docker network IP     docker inspect 63256f72142a   grep IPAddress                      IPAddress    172 17 0 2     Launch verb socat with port 8080 exposed  and get it to forward TCP traffic to that IP s port 80     docker run --rm -p 8080 1234 verb socat TCP-LISTEN 1234 fork TCP-CONNECT 172 17 0 2 80   You can now access pastebin on http   localhost 8080   and your requests goes to socat 1234 which forwards it to pastebin 80  and the response travels the same path in reverse

User · Answer

I wrote a blog post that explains how to access an unpublished port of a container In different ways depending on the needs   by committing a new image and running a new container  by using socat to avoid restarting the container   The post also goes through a brief introduction of both how port mapping works  the difference between exposing and publishing a port  and what is socat  Here   s the link  https   lmcaraig com accessing-an-unpublished-port-of-a-running-docker-container

User · Answer

You can use an overlay network like Weave Net  which will assign a unique IP address to each container and implicitly expose all the ports to every container part of the network   Weave also provides host network integration  It is disabled by default but  if you want to also access the container IP addresses  and all its ports  from the host  you can run simply run weave expose   Full disclosure  I work at Weaveworks

User · Answer

To add to the accepted answer iptables solution  I had to run two more commands on the host to open it to the outside world   HOST gt  iptables -t nat -A DOCKER -p tcp --dport 443 -j DNAT --to-destination 172 17 0 2 443 HOST gt  iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -j MASQUERADE -p tcp --source 172 17 0 2 --destination 172 17 0 2 --dport https HOST gt  iptables -A DOCKER -j ACCEPT -p tcp --destination 172 17 0 2 --dport https   Note  I was opening port https  443   my docker internal IP was 172 17 0 2  Note 2  These rules and temporrary and will only last until the container is restarted

[docker] Exposing a port on a live Docker container

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