[r] R Error in x$ed : $ operator is invalid for atomic vectors

Because $ does not work on atomic vectors. Use [ or [[ instead. From the help file for $:

The default methods work somewhat differently for atomic vectors, matrices/arrays and for recursive (list-like, see is.recursive) objects. $ is only valid for recursive objects, and is only discussed in the section below on recursive objects.

x[["ed"]] will work.