Start redis-server with config file

Question

I have my config file at   root config redis rb  I start redis like this  redis-server  How do I start redis so that it uses my config file   Also  I hate mucking about with ps -grep to try and find a pid to shut it down  How can I shut down the server by cd ing into the root and running just one command   With the puma application server you can run commands like this   pumactl -F config puma rb start pumactl -F config puma rb stop   and pumactl infers the pid from the conf  Can this be the same with redis   Also I ve used this copy-pasted conf from the redis website     Redis configuration file example    Note on units  when memory size is needed  it is possible to specify   it in the usual form of 1k 5GB 4M and so forth      1k   gt  1000 bytes   1kb   gt  1024 bytes   1m   gt  1000000 bytes   1mb   gt  1024 1024 bytes   1g   gt  1000000000 bytes   1gb   gt  1024 1024 1024 bytes     units are case insensitive so 1GB 1Gb 1gB are all the same                                      INCLUDES                                        Include one or more other config files here   This is useful if you   have a standard template that goes to all Redis server but also need   to customize a few per-server settings   Include files can include   other files  so use this wisely      Notice option  include  won t be rewritten by command  CONFIG REWRITE    from admin or Redis Sentinel  Since Redis always uses the last processed   line as value of a configuration directive  you d better put includes   at the beginning of this file to avoid overwriting config change at runtime      If instead you are interested in using includes to override configuration   options  it is better to use include as the last line      include  path to local conf   include  path to other conf                                   GENERAL                                           By default Redis does not run as a daemon  Use  yes  if you need it    Note that Redis will write a pid file in  var run redis pid when daemonized  daemonize no    When running daemonized  Redis writes a pid file in  var run redis pid by   default  You can specify a custom pid file location here  pidfile  var run redis pid    Accept connections on the specified port  default is 6379    If port 0 is specified Redis will not listen on a TCP socket  port 6379    TCP listen   backlog      In high requests-per-second environments you need an high backlog in order   to avoid slow clients connections issues  Note that the Linux kernel   will silently truncate it to the value of  proc sys net core somaxconn so   make sure to raise both the value of somaxconn and tcp max syn backlog   in order to get the desired effect  tcp-backlog 511    By default Redis listens for connections from all the network interfaces   available on the server  It is possible to listen to just one or multiple   interfaces using the  bind  configuration directive  followed by one or   more IP addresses      Examples      bind 192 168 1 100 10 0 0 1   bind 127 0 0 1    Specify the path for the Unix socket that will be used to listen for   incoming connections  There is no default  so Redis will not listen   on a unix socket when not specified      unixsocket  tmp redis sock   unixsocketperm 755    Close the connection after a client is idle for N seconds  0 to disable  timeout 0    TCP keepalive      If non-zero  use SO KEEPALIVE to send TCP ACKs to clients in absence   of communication  This is useful for two reasons      1  Detect dead peers    2  Take the connection alive from the point of view of network      equipment in the middle      On Linux  the specified value  in seconds  is the period used to send ACKs    Note that to close the connection the double of the time is needed    On other kernels the period depends on the kernel configuration      A reasonable value for this option is 60 seconds  tcp-keepalive 0    Specify the server verbosity level    This can be one of    debug  a lot of information  useful for development testing    verbose  many rarely useful info  but not a mess like the debug level    notice  moderately verbose  what you want in production probably    warning  only very important   critical messages are logged  loglevel notice    Specify the log file name  Also the empty string can be used to force   Redis to log on the standard output  Note that if you use standard   output for logging but daemonize  logs will be sent to  dev null logfile       To enable logging to the system logger  just set  syslog-enabled  to yes    and optionally update the other syslog parameters to suit your needs    syslog-enabled no    Specify the syslog identity    syslog-ident redis    Specify the syslog facility  Must be USER or between LOCAL0-LOCAL7    syslog-facility local0    Set the number of databases  The default database is DB 0  you can select   a different one on a per-connection basis using SELECT  lt dbid gt  where   dbid is a number between 0 and  databases -1 databases 16                                   SNAPSHOTTING                                       Save the DB on disk        save  lt seconds gt   lt changes gt        Will save the DB if both the given number of seconds and the given     number of write operations against the DB occurred        In the example below the behaviour will be to save      after 900 sec  15 min  if at least 1 key changed     after 300 sec  5 min  if at least 10 keys changed     after 60 sec if at least 10000 keys changed       Note  you can disable saving at all commenting all the  save  lines        It is also possible to remove all the previously configured save     points by adding a save directive with a single empty string argument     like in the following example        save     save 900 1 save 300 10 save 60 10000    By default Redis will stop accepting writes if RDB snapshots are enabled    at least one save point  and the latest background save failed    This will make the user aware  in a hard way  that data is not persisting   on disk properly  otherwise chances are that no one will notice and some   disaster will happen      If the background saving process will start working again Redis will   automatically allow writes again      However if you have setup your proper monitoring of the Redis server   and persistence  you may want to disable this feature so that Redis will   continue to work as usual even if there are problems with disk    permissions  and so forth  stop-writes-on-bgsave-error yes    Compress string objects using LZF when dump  rdb databases    For default that s set to  yes  as it s almost always a win    If you want to save some CPU in the saving child set it to  no  but   the dataset will likely be bigger if you have compressible values or keys  rdbcompression yes    Since version 5 of RDB a CRC64 checksum is placed at the end of the file    This makes the format more resistant to corruption but there is a performance   hit to pay  around 10   when saving and loading RDB files  so you can disable it   for maximum performances      RDB files created with checksum disabled have a checksum of zero that will   tell the loading code to skip the check  rdbchecksum yes    The filename where to dump the DB dbfilename dump rdb    The working directory      The DB will be written inside this directory  with the filename specified   above using the  dbfilename  configuration directive       The Append Only File will also be created inside this directory       Note that you must specify a directory here  not a file name  dir                                       REPLICATION                                      Master-Slave replication  Use slaveof to make a Redis instance a copy of   another Redis server  Note that the configuration is local to the slave   so for example it is possible to configure the slave to save the DB with a   different interval  or to listen to another port  and so on      slaveof  lt masterip gt   lt masterport gt     If the master is password protected  using the  requirepass  configuration   directive below  it is possible to tell the slave to authenticate before   starting the replication synchronization process  otherwise the master will   refuse the slave request      masterauth  lt master-password gt     When a slave loses its connection with the master  or when the replication   is still in progress  the slave can act in two different ways      1  if slave-serve-stale-data is set to  yes   the default  the slave will      still reply to client requests  possibly with out of date data  or the      data set may just be empty if this is the first synchronization      2  if slave-serve-stale-data is set to  no  the slave will reply with      an error  SYNC with master in progress  to all the kind of commands      but to INFO and SLAVEOF    slave-serve-stale-data yes    You can configure a slave instance to accept writes or not  Writing against   a slave instance may be useful to store some ephemeral data  because data   written on a slave will be easily deleted after resync with the master  but   may also cause problems if clients are writing to it because of a   misconfiguration      Since Redis 2 6 by default slaves are read-only      Note  read only slaves are not designed to be exposed to untrusted clients   on the internet  It s just a protection layer against misuse of the instance    Still a read only slave exports by default all the administrative commands   such as CONFIG  DEBUG  and so forth  To a limited extent you can improve   security of read only slaves using  rename-command  to shadow all the   administrative   dangerous commands  slave-read-only yes    Slaves send PINGs to server in a predefined interval  It s possible to change   this interval with the repl ping slave period option  The default value is 10   seconds      repl-ping-slave-period 10    The following option sets the replication timeout for      1  Bulk transfer I O during SYNC  from the point of view of slave    2  Master timeout from the point of view of slaves  data  pings     3  Slave timeout from the point of view of masters  REPLCONF ACK pings       It is important to make sure that this value is greater than the value   specified for repl-ping-slave-period otherwise a timeout will be detected   every time there is low traffic between the master and the slave      repl-timeout 60    Disable TCP NODELAY on the slave socket after SYNC      If you select  yes  Redis will use a smaller number of TCP packets and   less bandwidth to send data to slaves  But this can add a delay for   the data to appear on the slave side  up to 40 milliseconds with   Linux kernels using a default configuration      If you select  no  the delay for data to appear on the slave side will   be reduced but more bandwidth will be used for replication      By default we optimize for low latency  but in very high traffic conditions   or when the master and slaves are many hops away  turning this to  yes  may   be a good idea  repl-disable-tcp-nodelay no    Set the replication backlog size  The backlog is a buffer that accumulates   slave data when slaves are disconnected for some time  so that when a slave   wants to reconnect again  often a full resync is not needed  but a partial   resync is enough  just passing the portion of data the slave missed while   disconnected      The biggest the replication backlog  the longer the time the slave can be   disconnected and later be able to perform a partial resynchronization      The backlog is only allocated once there is at least a slave connected      repl-backlog-size 1mb    After a master has no longer connected slaves for some time  the backlog   will be freed  The following option configures the amount of seconds that   need to elapse  starting from the time the last slave disconnected  for   the backlog buffer to be freed      A value of 0 means to never release the backlog      repl-backlog-ttl 3600    The slave priority is an integer number published by Redis in the INFO output    It is used by Redis Sentinel in order to select a slave to promote into a   master if the master is no longer working correctly      A slave with a low priority number is considered better for promotion  so   for instance if there are three slaves with priority 10  100  25 Sentinel will   pick the one with priority 10  that is the lowest      However a special priority of 0 marks the slave as not able to perform the   role of master  so a slave with priority of 0 will never be selected by   Redis Sentinel for promotion      By default the priority is 100  slave-priority 100    It is possible for a master to stop accepting writes if there are less than   N slaves connected  having a lag less or equal than M seconds      The N slaves need to be in  online  state      The lag in seconds  that must be  lt   the specified value  is calculated from   the last ping received from the slave  that is usually sent every second      This option does not GUARANTEES that N replicas will accept the write  but   will limit the window of exposure for lost writes in case not enough slaves   are available  to the specified number of seconds      For example to require at least 3 slaves with a lag  lt   10 seconds use      min-slaves-to-write 3   min-slaves-max-lag 10     Setting one or the other to 0 disables the feature      By default min-slaves-to-write is set to 0  feature disabled  and   min-slaves-max-lag is set to 10                                      SECURITY                                        Require clients to issue AUTH  lt PASSWORD gt  before processing any other   commands   This might be useful in environments in which you do not trust   others with access to the host running redis-server      This should stay commented out for backward compatibility and because most   people do not need auth  e g  they run their own servers        Warning  since Redis is pretty fast an outside user can try up to   150k passwords per second against a good box  This means that you should   use a very strong password otherwise it will be very easy to break      requirepass foobared    Command renaming      It is possible to change the name of dangerous commands in a shared   environment  For instance the CONFIG command may be renamed into something   hard to guess so that it will still be available for internal-use tools   but not available for general clients      Example      rename-command CONFIG b840fc02d524045429941cc15f59e41cb7be6c52     It is also possible to completely kill a command by renaming it into   an empty string      rename-command CONFIG        Please note that changing the name of commands that are logged into the   AOF file or transmitted to slaves may cause problems                                       LIMITS                                         Set the max number of connected clients at the same time  By default   this limit is set to 10000 clients  however if the Redis server is not   able to configure the process file limit to allow for the specified limit   the max number of allowed clients is set to the current file limit   minus 32  as Redis reserves a few file descriptors for internal uses       Once the limit is reached Redis will close all the new connections sending   an error  max number of clients reached       maxclients 10000    Don t use more memory than the specified amount of bytes    When the memory limit is reached Redis will try to remove keys   according to the eviction policy selected  see maxmemory-policy       If Redis can t remove keys according to the policy  or if the policy is   set to  noeviction   Redis will start to reply with errors to commands   that would use more memory  like SET  LPUSH  and so on  and will continue   to reply to read-only commands like GET      This option is usually useful when using Redis as an LRU cache  or to set   a hard memory limit for an instance  using the  noeviction  policy       WARNING  If you have slaves attached to an instance with maxmemory on    the size of the output buffers needed to feed the slaves are subtracted   from the used memory count  so that network problems   resyncs will   not trigger a loop where keys are evicted  and in turn the output   buffer of slaves is full with DELs of keys evicted triggering the deletion   of more keys  and so forth until the database is completely emptied      In short    if you have slaves attached it is suggested that you set a lower   limit for maxmemory so that there is some free RAM on the system for slave   output buffers  but this is not needed if the policy is  noeviction        maxmemory  lt bytes gt     MAXMEMORY POLICY  how Redis will select what to remove when maxmemory   is reached  You can select among five behaviors       volatile-lru - gt  remove the key with an expire set using an LRU algorithm   allkeys-lru - gt  remove any key accordingly to the LRU algorithm   volatile-random - gt  remove a random key with an expire set   allkeys-random - gt  remove a random key  any key   volatile-ttl - gt  remove the key with the nearest expire time  minor TTL    noeviction - gt  don t expire at all  just return an error on write operations      Note  with any of the above policies  Redis will return an error on write         operations  when there are not suitable keys for eviction            At the date of writing this commands are  set setnx setex append         incr decr rpush lpush rpushx lpushx linsert lset rpoplpush sadd         sinter sinterstore sunion sunionstore sdiff sdiffstore zadd zincrby         zunionstore zinterstore hset hsetnx hmset hincrby incrby decrby         getset mset msetnx exec sort     The default is      maxmemory-policy volatile-lru    LRU and minimal TTL algorithms are not precise algorithms but approximated   algorithms  in order to save memory   so you can select as well the sample   size to check  For instance for default Redis will check three keys and   pick the one that was used less recently  you can change the sample size   using the following configuration directive      maxmemory-samples 3                                 APPEND ONLY MODE                                    By default Redis asynchronously dumps the dataset on disk  This mode is   good enough in many applications  but an issue with the Redis process or   a power outage may result into a few minutes of writes lost  depending on   the configured save points       The Append Only File is an alternative persistence mode that provides   much better durability  For instance using the default data fsync policy    see later in the config file  Redis can lose just one second of writes in a   dramatic event like a server power outage  or a single write if something   wrong with the Redis process itself happens  but the operating system is   still running correctly      AOF and RDB persistence can be enabled at the same time without problems    If the AOF is enabled on startup Redis will load the AOF  that is the file   with the better durability guarantees      Please check http   redis io topics persistence for more information   appendonly no    The name of the append only file  default   appendonly aof    appendfilename  appendonly aof     The fsync   call tells the Operating System to actually write data on disk   instead to wait for more data in the output buffer  Some OS will really flush    data on disk  some other OS will just try to do it ASAP      Redis supports three different modes      no  don t fsync  just let the OS flush the data when it wants  Faster    always  fsync after every write to the append only log   Slow  Safest    everysec  fsync only one time every second  Compromise      The default is  everysec   as that s usually the right compromise between   speed and data safety  It s up to you to understand if you can relax this to    no  that will let the operating system flush the output buffer when   it wants  for better performances  but if you can live with the idea of   some data loss consider the default persistence mode that s snapshotting     or on the contrary  use  always  that s very slow but a bit safer than   everysec      More details please check the following article    http   antirez com post redis-persistence-demystified html     If unsure  use  everysec      appendfsync always appendfsync everysec   appendfsync no    When the AOF fsync policy is set to always or everysec  and a background   saving process  a background save or AOF log background rewriting  is   performing a lot of I O against the disk  in some Linux configurations   Redis may block too long on the fsync   call  Note that there is no fix for   this currently  as even performing fsync in a different thread will block   our synchronous write 2  call      In order to mitigate this problem it s possible to use the following option   that will prevent fsync   from being called in the main process while a   BGSAVE or BGREWRITEAOF is in progress      This means that while another child is saving  the durability of Redis is   the same as  appendfsync none   In practical terms  this means that it is   possible to lose up to 30 seconds of log in the worst scenario  with the   default Linux settings        If you have latency problems turn this to  yes   Otherwise leave it as    no  that is the safest pick from the point of view of durability   no-appendfsync-on-rewrite no    Automatic rewrite of the append only file    Redis is able to automatically rewrite the log file implicitly calling   BGREWRITEAOF when the AOF log size grows by the specified percentage       This is how it works  Redis remembers the size of the AOF file after the   latest rewrite  if no rewrite has happened since the restart  the size of   the AOF at startup is used       This base size is compared to the current size  If the current size is   bigger than the specified percentage  the rewrite is triggered  Also   you need to specify a minimal size for the AOF file to be rewritten  this   is useful to avoid rewriting the AOF file even if the percentage increase   is reached but it is still pretty small      Specify a percentage of zero in order to disable the automatic AOF   rewrite feature   auto-aof-rewrite-percentage 100 auto-aof-rewrite-min-size 64mb  notify-keyspace-events                                     ADVANCED CONFIG                                    Hashes are encoded using a memory efficient data structure when they have a   small number of entries  and the biggest entry does not exceed a given   threshold  These thresholds can be configured using the following directives  hash-max-ziplist-entries 512 hash-max-ziplist-value 64    Similarly to hashes  small lists are also encoded in a special way in order   to save a lot of space  The special representation is only used when   you are under the following limits  list-max-ziplist-entries 512 list-max-ziplist-value 64  aof-rewrite-incremental-fsync yes   And I ve tweaked it to daemonize redis when it starts  Just wondering if there are any gotchas here  I ve got a server that serves about 30 people simultaneously  and all I m using redis for is sending asyncronous emails to people  Should this config do the trick

User · Accepted Answer

Okay  redis is pretty user friendly but there are some gotchas   Here are just some easy commands for working with redis on Ubuntu   install   sudo apt-get install redis-server   start with conf   sudo redis-server  lt path to conf gt  sudo redis-server config redis conf   stop with conf   redis-ctl shutdown    not sure how this shuts down the pid specified in the conf  Redis must save the path to the pid somewhere on boot   log   tail -f  var log redis redis-server log   Also  various example confs floating around online and on this site were beyond useless  The best  sure fire way to get a compatible conf is to copy-paste the one your installation is already using  You should be able to find it here    etc redis redis conf   Then paste it at  lt path to conf gt   tweak as needed and you re good to go

User · Answer

To start redis with a config file all you need to do is specifiy the config file as an argument   redis-server  root config redis rb   Instead of using and killing PID s I would suggest creating an init script for your service  I would suggest taking a look at the Installing Redis more properly section of http   redis io topics quickstart   It will walk you through setting up an init script with redis so you can just do something like service redis server start and service redis server stop to control your server   I am not sure exactly what distro you are using  that article describes instructions for a Debian based distro   If you are are using a RHEL Fedora distro let me know  I can provide you with instructions for the last couple of steps  the config file and most of the other steps will be the same

User · Answer

I think that you should make the reference to your config file   26399 C 16 Jan 08 51 13 413   Warning  no config file specified  using the default config  In order to specify a config file use   redis-server  path to redis conf   you can try to start your redis server like     redis-server  path to redis-stable redis conf

[redis] Start redis-server with config file

Examples related to redis