How do I import a specific version of a package using go get

Question

coming from a Node environment I used to install a specific version of a vendor lib into the project folder  node modules  by telling npm to install that version of that lib from the package json or even directly from the console  like so     npm install express 4 0 0   Then I used to import that version of that package in my project just with   var express   require  express      Now  I want to do the same thing with go  How can I do that  Is it possible to install a specific version of a package  If so  using a centralized  GOPATH  how can I import one version instead of another   I would do something like this     go get github com wilk uuid 0 0 1   go get github com wilk uuid 0 0 2   But then  how can I make a difference during the import

User · Answer

The approach I ve found workable is git s submodule system  Using that you can submodule in a given version of the code and upgrading downgrading is explicit and recorded - never haphazard   The folder structure I ve taken with this is     myproject    src     myproject     github com      submoduled project of some kind

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You can use git checkout to get an specific version and build your program using this version   Example   export GOPATH    go get github com whateveruser whateverrepo cd   src github com whateveruser whateverrepo git tag -l   supose tag v0 0 2 is correct version git checkout tags v0 0 2 go run whateverpackage main go

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Nowadays you can just use go get for it  You can fetch your dependency by the version tag  branch or even the commit    go get github com someone some module master go get github com someone some module v1 1 0 go get github com someone some module commit hash   more details here - How to point Go module dependency in go mod to a latest commit in a repo     Go get will also install the binary  like it says in the documentation -  Get downloads the packages named by the import paths  along with their dependencies  It then installs the named packages  like  go install      from https   golang org cmd go

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go get  is the Go package manager  It works in a completely decentralized way and how package discovery still possible without a central package hosting repository  Besides locating and downloading packages  the other big role of a package manager is handling multiple versions of the same package  Go takes the most minimal and pragmatic approach of any package manager  There is no such thing as multiple versions of a Go package  go get always pulls from the HEAD of the default branch in the repository  Always  This has two important implications   As a package author  you must adhere to the stable HEAD philosophy  Your default branch must always be the stable  released version of your package  You must do work in feature branches and only merge when ready to release   New major versions of your package must have their own repository  Put simply  each major version of your package  following semantic versioning  would have its own repository and thus its own import path  e g  github com jpoehls gophermail-v1 and github com jpoehls gophermail-v2    As someone building an application in Go  the above philosophy really doesn t have a downside  Every import path is a stable API  There are no version numbers to worry about  Awesome  For more details    http   zduck com 2014 go-and-package-versioning

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There s a go edit -replace command to append a specific commit  even from another forked repository  on top of the current version of a package  What s cool about this option  is that you don t need to know the exact pseudo version beforehand  just the commit hash id    For example  I m using the stable version of package  github com onsi ginkgo v1 8 0     Now I want - without modifying this line of required package in go mod - to append a patch from my fork  on top of the ginkgo version     GO111MODULE  on   go mod edit -replace github com onsi ginkgo github com manosnoam ginkgo d6423c2   After the first time you build or test your module  GO will try to pull the new version  and then generate the  replace  line with the correct pseudo version  For example in my case  it will add on the bottom of go mod      replace github com onsi ginkgo    github com manosnoam ginkgo v0 0 0-20190902135631-1995eead7451

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Really surprised nobody has mentioned gopkg in   gopkg in is a service that provides a wrapper  redirect  that lets you express versions as repo urls  without actually creating repos  E g  gopkg in yaml v1 vs gopkg in yaml v2  even though they both live at https   github com go-yaml yaml   gopkg in yaml v1 redirects to https   github com go-yaml yaml tree v1 gopkg in yaml v2 redirects to https   github com go-yaml yaml tree v2   This isn t perfect if the author is not following proper versioning practices  by incrementing the version number when breaking backwards compatibility   but it does work with branches and tags

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A little cheat sheet on module queries  To check all existing versions  e g  go list -m -versions github com gorilla mux  Specific version  v1 2 8 Specific commit   c783230 Specific branch   master Version prefix    v2 Comparison         gt  2 1 5 Latest            latest  E g  go get github com gorilla mux v1 7 4

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Glide is a really elegant package management for Go especially if you come from Node s npm or Rust s cargo    It behaves closely to Godep s new vendor feature in 1 6 but is way more easier  Your dependencies and versions are  locked  inside your projectdir vendor directory without relying on GOPATH    Install with brew  OS X     brew install glide   Init the glide yaml file  akin to package json   This also grabs the existing imported packages in your project from GOPATH and copy then to the project s vendor  directory      glide init   Get new packages    glide get vcs namespace package   Update and lock the packages  versions  This creates glide lock file in your project directory to lock the versions      glide up   I tried glide and been happily using it for my current project

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From Go 1 5 there s the  vendor experiment  that helps you manage dependencies  As of Go 1 6 this is no longer an experiment  Theres also some other options on the Go wiki    Edit  as mentioned in this answer gopkg in is a good option for pinning github-depdencies pre-1 5

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It might be useful  Just type this into your command prompt while cd your package src  go get github com go-gl mathgl v1 0 0  You get specific revision of package in question right into your source code  ready to use in import statement

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That worked for me  GO111MODULE on go get -u github com segmentio aws-okta v0 22 1

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Go 1 11 will have a feature called go modules and you can simply add a dependency with a version  Follow these steps  go mod init   go mod edit -require github com wilk uuid 0 0 1 go get -v -t          go build go install   Here s more info on that topic - https   github com golang go wiki Modules

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dep is the official experiment for dependency management for Go language  It requires Go 1 8 or newer to compile   To start managing dependencies using dep  run the following command from your project s root directory   dep init   After execution two files will be generated  Gopkg toml   manifest    Gopkg lock and  necessary packages will be downloaded into vendor directory    Let s assume that you have the project which uses github com gorilla websocket package  dep will generate following files   Gopkg toml    Gopkg toml example     Refer to https   github com golang dep blob master docs Gopkg toml md   for detailed Gopkg toml documentation      required     github com user thing cmd thing     ignored     github com user project pkgX    bitbucket org user project pkgA pkgY         constraint       name    github com user project      version    1 0 0        constraint       name    github com user project2      branch    dev      source    github com myfork project2        override      name    github com x y     version    2 4 0      constraint     name    github com gorilla websocket    version    1 2 0    Gopkg lock    This file is autogenerated  do not edit  changes may be undone by the next  dep ensure       projects     name    github com gorilla websocket    packages           revision    ea4d1f681babbce9545c9c5f3d5194a789c89f5b    version    v1 2 0    solve-meta    analyzer-name    dep    analyzer-version   1   inputs-digest    941e8dbe52e16e8a7dff4068b7ba53ae69a5748b29fbf2bcb5df3a063ac52261    solver-name    gps-cdcl    solver-version   1   There are commands which help you to update delete etc packages  please find more info on official github repo of dep  dependency management tool for Go

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Update 18-11-23  From Go 1 11 mod is official experiment  Please see  krish answer  Update 19-01-01  From Go 1 12 mod is still official experiment  Starting in Go 1 13  module mode will be the default for all development  Update 19-10-17  From Go 1 13 mod is official package manager   https   blog golang org using-go-modules  Old answer     You can set version by offical dep  dep ensure --add github com gorilla websocket 1 2 0

[go] How do I import a specific version of a package using go get?

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