[java] How do I use modulus for float/double?

Unlike C, Java allows using the % for both integer and floating point and (unlike C89 and C++) it is well-defined for all inputs (including negatives):

From JLS §15.17.3:

The result of a floating-point remainder operation is determined by the rules of IEEE arithmetic:

  • If either operand is NaN, the result is NaN.
  • If the result is not NaN, the sign of the result equals the sign of the dividend.
  • If the dividend is an infinity, or the divisor is a zero, or both, the result is NaN.
  • If the dividend is finite and the divisor is an infinity, the result equals the dividend.
  • If the dividend is a zero and the divisor is finite, the result equals the dividend.
  • In the remaining cases, where neither an infinity, nor a zero, nor NaN is involved, the floating-point remainder r from the division of a dividend n by a divisor d is defined by the mathematical relation r=n-(d·q) where q is an integer that is negative only if n/d is negative and positive only if n/d is positive, and whose magnitude is as large as possible without exceeding the magnitude of the true mathematical quotient of n and d.

So for your example, 0.5/0.3 = 1.6... . q has the same sign (positive) as 0.5 (the dividend), and the magnitude is 1 (integer with largest magnitude not exceeding magnitude of 1.6...), and r = 0.5 - (0.3 * 1) = 0.2