[java] Using NotNull Annotation in method argument

I just started using the @NotNull annotation with Java 8 and getting some unexpected results.

I have a method like this:

public List<Found> findStuff(@NotNull List<Searching> searchingList) {
    ... code here ...
}

I wrote a JUnit test passing in the null value for the argument searchingList. I was expecting some type of error to happen but it went through as though the annotation was not there. Is this expected behavior? From what I understood, this was to allow you to skip writing the boilerplate null check code.

An explanation of what exactly @NotNull is supposed to do would be greatly appreciated.

I do this to create my own validation annotation and validator:

ValidCardType.java(annotation to put on methods/fields)

@Constraint(validatedBy = {CardTypeValidator.class})
@Documented
@Target( { ElementType.ANNOTATION_TYPE, ElementType.METHOD, ElementType.FIELD })
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public @interface ValidCardType {
    String message() default "Incorrect card type, should be among: \"MasterCard\" | \"Visa\"";
    Class<?>[] groups() default {};
    Class<? extends Payload>[] payload() default {};
}

And, the validator to trigger the check: CardTypeValidator.java:

public class CardTypeValidator implements ConstraintValidator<ValidCardType, String> {
    private static final String[] ALL_CARD_TYPES = {"MasterCard", "Visa"};

    @Override
    public void initialize(ValidCardType status) {
    }
    public boolean isValid(String value, ConstraintValidatorContext context) {
        return (Arrays.asList(ALL_CARD_TYPES).contains(value));
    }
}

You can do something very similar to check @NotNull.

To make @NotNull active you need Lombok:

https://projectlombok.org/features/NonNull

import lombok.NonNull;

Follow: Which @NotNull Java annotation should I use?

To test your method validation in a test, you have to wrap it a proxy in the @Before method.

@Before
public void setUp() {
    this.classAutowiredWithFindStuffMethod = MethodValidationProxyFactory.createProxy(this.classAutowiredWithFindStuffMethod);
}

With MethodValidationProxyFactory as :

import org.springframework.context.support.StaticApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.validation.beanvalidation.MethodValidationPostProcessor;

public class MethodValidationProxyFactory {

private static final StaticApplicationContext ctx = new StaticApplicationContext();

static {
    MethodValidationPostProcessor processor = new MethodValidationPostProcessor();
    processor.afterPropertiesSet(); // init advisor
    ctx.getBeanFactory()
            .addBeanPostProcessor(processor);
}

@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public static <T> T createProxy(T instance) {

    return (T) ctx.getAutowireCapableBeanFactory()
            .applyBeanPostProcessorsAfterInitialization(instance, instance.getClass()
                    .getName());
}

}

And then, add your test :

@Test
public void findingNullStuff() {
 assertThatExceptionOfType(ConstraintViolationException.class).isThrownBy(() -> this.classAutowiredWithFindStuffMethod.findStuff(null));

}

As mentioned above @NotNull does nothing on its own. A good way of using @NotNull would be using it with Objects.requireNonNull

public class Foo {
    private final Bar bar;

    public Foo(@NotNull Bar bar) {
        this.bar = Objects.requireNonNull(bar, "bar must not be null");
    }
}

SO @NotNull just is a tag...If you want to validate it, then you must use something like hibernate validator jsr 303

ValidatorFactory validatorFactory = Validation.buildDefaultValidatorFactory();
Validator validator = validatorFactory.getValidator();
 Set<ConstraintViolation<List<Searching>> violations = validator.validate(searchingList);

If you are using Spring, you can force validation by annotating the class with @Validated:

import org.springframework.validation.annotation.Validated;

More info available here: Javax validation @NotNull annotation usage