You could use the existing methods from the Character class. Take a look at the docs:
http://download.java.net/jdk7/archive/b123/docs/api/java/lang/Character.html#isDigit(char)
So, you could do something like this...
String character = in.next();
char c = character.charAt(0);
...
if (Character.isDigit(c)) {
...
} else if (Character.isLetter(c)) {
...
}
...
If you ever want to know exactly how this is implemented, you could always look at the Java source code.