how to use Spring Boot profiles

Question

i have application yml application-dev ymlandapplication-dev yml   I m using the maven command mvn spring-boot run -Dspring profiles active dev it doesn t work and I can not choose the dev profile using mvn spring-boot run  How do I choose it  The documentation says java -jar XXX jar --spring profiles active dev works  and I tried -Dspring profiles active dev but it does not work  And in my project  i use java -jar XXX jar it runs  but if I use java -jar XXX jar --spring profiles active dev to choose dev profile  console print so many logs and warns that i never see used java -jar XXX jar and tell me APPLICATION FAILED TO START     so how to solve two problems  thanks

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Since Spring Boot v2  I have verified with Spring Boot v2 3 5 RELEASE With Spring Boot Maven Plugin You can provide commandline argument like this  mvn spring-boot run -Dspring-boot run arguments  quot --spring profiles active dev quot  You can provide JVM argument like this  mvn spring-boot run -Dspring-boot run jvmArguments  quot -Dspring profiles active dev quot  java -jar java -Dspring profiles active dev -jar app jar  Note order  or java -jar app jar --spring profiles active dev  Note order

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Use  quot -Dspring-boot run profiles foo local quot  in Intellij IDEA  It s working  Its sets 2 profiles  quot foo and local quot   Verified with boot version  quot 2 3 2 RELEASE quot   amp  Intellij IDEA CE 2019 3   lt build gt           lt plugins gt               lt plugin gt                   lt groupId gt org springframework boot lt  groupId gt                   lt artifactId gt spring-boot-maven-plugin lt  artifactId gt               lt  plugin gt           lt  plugins gt       lt  build gt    Setting profile with  quot mvn spring-boot run quot   Setting environment variable

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If your using maven   lt build gt           lt plugins gt               lt plugin gt                   lt groupId gt org springframework boot lt  groupId gt                   lt artifactId gt spring-boot-maven-plugin lt  artifactId gt                   lt configuration gt                       lt profiles gt                           lt profile gt dev lt  profile gt                       lt  profiles gt                   lt  configuration gt               lt  plugin gt           lt  plugins gt       lt  build gt   this set dev as active profile   mvnw spring-boot run  will have dev as active profile

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You don t need three  yml files for this  You can have a single application yml file and write profile specific properties in the same where each profile section is separated by 3 hyphen  ---   Next  for selecting the current active profile  you can specify that as well in your application yml file  like this    spring    profiles      active      - local   However  this configuration will be overriden if you set an Environment variable  eg   SPRING PROFILES ACTIVE   dev    Here is a sample file for you requirement     include common properties for every profile in this section  server port  5000   spring    profiles      active      - local  ---   profile specific properties  spring    profiles  local    datasource      url  jdbc mysql   localhost 3306      username  root     password  root  ---   profile specific properties  spring    profiles  dev    datasource      url  jdbc mysql    lt dev db url gt      username   lt username gt      password   lt password gt

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Alternatively  the profile can be directly specified in the application properties file by adding the line  spring profiles active prod Profiles work in conjunction with Spring Boot properties files  By default  Spring Boot parses a file called application properties     located in the src main resources directory     to identify configuration information  Our first task will be to add a parameter in that file which will tell Spring to use a different environment-specific property file corresponding to the active profile  i e  the profile that the app is currently being run with   We can do this by adding the following to the application properties file  spring profiles active  activatedProperties  Now we need to create the two new environment-specific property files  in the same path as the existing application properties file   one to be used by the DEV profile and one to be used by the PROD profile  These files need to be named the following  application-dev properties application-prod properties In each case  we specify prod as the active profile  which causes the application-prod properties file to be chosen for configuration purposes

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If you are using maven  define your profiles as shown below within your pom xml   lt profiles gt   lt profile gt       lt id gt local lt  id gt       lt activation gt           lt activeByDefault gt true lt  activeByDefault gt       lt  activation gt       lt properties gt           lt jdbc url gt dbUrl lt  jdbc url gt           lt jdbc username gt dbuser lt  jdbc username gt           lt jdbc password gt dbPassword lt  jdbc password gt           lt jdbc driver gt dbDriver lt  jdbc driver gt       lt  properties gt   lt  profile gt   lt profile gt       lt id gt dev lt  id gt       lt properties gt           lt jdbc url gt dbUrl lt  jdbc url gt           lt jdbc username gt dbuser lt  jdbc username gt           lt jdbc password gt dbPassword lt  jdbc password gt           lt jdbc driver gt dbDriver lt  jdbc driver gt       lt  properties gt       lt dependencies gt           lt dependency gt               lt groupId gt org postgresql lt  groupId gt               lt artifactId gt postgresql lt  artifactId gt           lt  dependency gt       lt  dependencies gt   lt  profile gt   lt profile gt       lt id gt prod lt  id gt       lt properties gt           lt jdbc url gt dbUrl lt  jdbc url gt           lt jdbc username gt dbuser lt  jdbc username gt           lt jdbc password gt dbPassword lt  jdbc password gt           lt jdbc driver gt dbDriver lt  jdbc driver gt       lt  properties gt   lt  profile gt      By default  i e if No profile is selected  the local profile will always be use   To select a specific profile in Spring Boot 2 x x  use the below command   mvn spring-boot run -Dspring-boot run profiles dev   If you want want to build compile using properties of a specific profile  use the below command   mvn clean install -Pdev -DprofileIdEnabled true

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I m not sure I fully understand the question but I ll attempt to answer by providing a few details about profiles in Spring Boot  For your  1 example  according to the docs you can select the profile using the Spring Boot Maven plugin using -Drun profiles  Edit  For Spring Boot 2 0  run has been renamed to spring-boot run and run profiles has been renamed to spring-boot run profiles mvn spring-boot run -Dspring-boot run profiles dev  https   docs spring io spring-boot docs 2 0 1 RELEASE maven-plugin examples run-profiles html From your  2 example  you are defining the active profile after the name of the jar  You need to provide the JVM argument before the name of the jar you are running  java -jar -Dspring profiles active dev XXX jar  General info  You mention that you have both an application yml and a application-dev yml  Running with the dev profile will actually load both config files  Values from application-dev yml will override the same values provided by application yml but values from both yml files will be loaded  There are also multiple ways to define the active profile  You can define them as you did  using -Dspring profiles active when running your jar  You can also set the profile using a SPRING PROFILES ACTIVE environment variable or a spring profiles active system property  More info can be found here  https   docs spring io spring-boot docs current reference html howto html howto-set-active-spring-profiles

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mvn spring-boot run -Dspring-boot run profiles foo bar    Source-   https   docs spring io spring-boot docs current maven-plugin examples run-profiles html  Basically it is need when you multiple application- environment  properties is present inside in your project  by default  if you passed -Drun profiles on command line or activeByDefault true in     lt profile gt       lt id gt dev lt  id gt       lt properties gt           lt activatedProperties gt dev lt  activatedProperties gt       lt  properties gt       lt activation gt           lt activeByDefault gt true lt  activeByDefault gt       lt  activation gt   lt  profile gt    Nothing defined like above it will choose by default application properties otherwise you need to select by appending -Drun profiles  dev stage prod    TL DR  mvn spring-boot run -Drun profiles dev

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Create specific  yml files in the resources directory for each and every environment Eg  dev qa stg etc   that you need to run the application  image of  yml files in resources directory  If you are using spring-boot-maven-plugin 2 0 5 RELEASE in your pom xml file you can add the profiles within the dependency tag as follows  image of pom xml spring-boot-maven-plugin  you can configure multiple profiles using multiple profile tags   Then you can use the following commands to build and run the project   1  mvn clean install 2  mvn spring-boot run -Dspring-boot run default  qa   Then you will see that the default profile is set as qa while running the project  displaying the default profile when running the application

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If you are using the Spring Boot Maven Plugin  run   mvn spring-boot run -Dspring-boot run profiles foo bar    https   docs spring io spring-boot docs current maven-plugin examples run-profiles html

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Working with Intellij  because I don t know how to set keyboard shortcut to mvn spring-boot run -Dspring profiles active dev  I have to do this    lt plugin gt       lt groupId gt org springframework boot lt  groupId gt       lt artifactId gt spring-boot-maven-plugin lt  artifactId gt       lt configuration gt           lt jvmArguments gt              -Dspring profiles active dev          lt  jvmArguments gt       lt  configuration gt   lt  plugin gt

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The  Profile annotation allows you to indicate that a component is   eligible for registration when one or more specified profiles are   active  Using our example above  we can rewrite the dataSource   configuration as follows     Configuration  Profile  dev   public class StandaloneDataConfig         Bean     public DataSource dataSource             return new EmbeddedDatabaseBuilder                setType EmbeddedDatabaseType HSQL               addScript  classpath com bank config sql schema sql                addScript  classpath com bank config sql test-data sql                build              And other one    Configuration  Profile  production   public class JndiDataConfig         Bean destroyMethod         public DataSource dataSource   throws Exception           Context ctx   new InitialContext            return  DataSource  ctx lookup  java comp env jdbc datasource

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You can specify properties according profiles in one application properties yml  like here  Then  mvn clean spring-boot run -Dspring profiles active dev should run it correct  It works for me

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