How can I convert a zero-terminated byte array to string

Question

I need to read  100 byte to transfer a bunch of string data  Because not all of the strings are precisely 100 characters long  the remaining part of the byte array is padded with 0s  If I convert  100 byte to string by  string byteArray      the tailing 0s are displayed as     s  In C  the string will terminate upon 0  so what s the best way to convert this byte array to string in Go

User · Answer

For example   package main  import  fmt   func CToGoString c   byte  string       n    -1     for i  b    range c           if b    0               break                   n   i           return string c  n 1      func main         c     100 byte  a    b    c       fmt Println  C     len c   c  4       g    CToGoString c         fmt Println  Go    len g   g      Output   C   100  97 98 99 0  Go  3 abc

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Though not extremely performant  the only readable solution is       Split by separator and pick the first one       This has all the characters till null  excluding null itself    retByteArray    bytes Split byteArray       byte 0    0        OR       If you want a true C-like string  including the null character   retByteArray    bytes SplitAfter byteArray       byte 0    0   A full example to have a C-style byte array  package main  import        quot bytes quot       quot fmt quot     func main         var byteArray    6 byte 97 98 0 100 0 99       cStyleString    bytes SplitAfter byteArray       byte 0    0      fmt Println cStyleString     A full example to have a Go style string excluding the nulls  package main  import        quot bytes quot       quot fmt quot     func main         var byteArray    6 byte 97  98  0  100  0  99       goStyleString    string bytes Split byteArray       byte 0    0       fmt Println goStyleString     This allocates a slice of slice of bytes  So keep an eye on performance if it is used heavily or repeatedly

User · Answer

Use slices instead of arrays for reading  For example  io Reader accepts a slice  not an array   Use slicing instead of zero padding    Example  buf    make   byte  100  n  err    myReader Read buf  if n    0  amp  amp  err    nil       log Fatal err     consume buf  n      consume   will see an exact  not padded  slice of read data

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Simplistic solution   str    fmt Sprintf   s   byteArray    I m not sure how performant this is though

User · Answer

Use this  bytes NewBuffer byteArray  String

User · Answer

Methods that read data into byte slices return the number of bytes read   You should save that number and then use it to create your string  If n is the number of bytes read  your code would look like this  s    string byteArray  n    To convert the full string  this can be used  s    string byteArray  len byteArray     This is equivalent to  s    string byteArray   If for some reason you don t know n  you could use the bytes package to find it  assuming your input doesn t have a null character embedded in it  n    bytes Index byteArray    byte 0    Or as icza pointed out  you can use the code below  n    bytes IndexByte byteArray  0

User · Answer

Use  s    string byteArray

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Only use for performance tuning   package main  import        fmt       reflect       unsafe     func BytesToString b   byte  string       return    string  unsafe Pointer  amp b      func StringToBytes s string    byte       return      byte  unsafe Pointer  amp s      func main         b      byte  b    y    t    e       s    BytesToString b      fmt Println s      b   StringToBytes s      fmt Println string b

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When you do not know the exact length of non-nil bytes in the array  you can trim it first      string bytes Trim arr    x00

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The following code is looking for   0   and under the assumptions of the question the array can be considered sorted since all non-  0  precede all   0   This assumption won t hold if the array can contain   0  within the data   Find the location of the first zero-byte using a binary search  then slice   You can find the zero-byte like this   package main  import  fmt   func FirstZero b   byte  int       min  max    0  len b      for           if min   1    max   return max           mid     min   max    2         if b mid       000                max   mid           else               min   mid                     return len b    func main         b      byte 1  2  3  0  0  0      fmt Println FirstZero b       It may be faster just to naively scan the byte array looking for the zero-byte  especially if most of your strings are short

[go] How can I convert a zero-terminated byte array to string?

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