I had the same problem. The problem is a bug in MSIE 10, so telling people to fix their issues isn't helpful. Neither is telling visitors to your site to add your site to compatibility view, bleh. In my case, the problem was that the following code displayed no text:
document.write ('<P>');
document.write ('Blah, blah, blah... ');
document.write ('</P>');
After much trial and error, I determined that removing the <P> and </P> tags caused the text to appear properly on the page (thus, the problem IS with document mode rather than browser mode, at least in my case). Removing the <P> tags when userAgent is MSIE is not a "fix" I want to put into my pages.
The solution, as others have said, is:
<!DOCTYPE HTML whatever doctype you're using....>
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=EmulateIE8">
<TITLE>Blah...
Yes, the meta tag has to be the FIRST tag after HEAD.