Run cmd commands through Java

Question

I found several code snippets for running cmd commands through a Java class  but I wasn t able to understand it   This is code for opening the cmd   public void excCommand String new dir       Runtime rt   Runtime getRuntime        try           rt exec new String    cmd exe    c   start            catch  IOException e               TODO Auto-generated catch block         e printStackTrace              And I found some other links for adding other commands such as cd http   www coderanch com t 109753 Linux-UNIX exec-command-cd-command-java  How to open the command prompt and insert commands using Java   Can anyone help me to understand how to cd a directory such as    cd C  Program Files Flowella   then run other commands on that directory

User · Accepted Answer

One way to run a process from a different directory to the working directory of your Java program is to change directory and then run the process in the same command line. You can do this by getting cmd.exe to run a command line such as cd some_directory && some_program.

The following example changes to a different directory and runs dir from there. Admittedly, I could just dir that directory without needing to cd to it, but this is only an example:

import java.io.*;

public class CmdTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        ProcessBuilder builder = new ProcessBuilder(
            "cmd.exe", "/c", "cd \"C:\\Program Files\\Microsoft SQL Server\" && dir");
        builder.redirectErrorStream(true);
        Process p = builder.start();
        BufferedReader r = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(p.getInputStream()));
        String line;
        while (true) {
            line = r.readLine();
            if (line == null) { break; }
            System.out.println(line);
        }
    }
}

Note also that I'm using a ProcessBuilder to run the command. Amongst other things, this allows me to redirect the process's standard error into its standard output, by calling redirectErrorStream(true). Doing so gives me only one stream to read from.

This gives me the following output on my machine:

C:\Users\Luke\StackOverflow>java CmdTest
 Volume in drive C is Windows7
 Volume Serial Number is D8F0-C934

 Directory of C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server

29/07/2011  11:03    <DIR>          .
29/07/2011  11:03    <DIR>          ..
21/01/2011  20:37    <DIR>          100
21/01/2011  20:35    <DIR>          80
21/01/2011  20:35    <DIR>          90
21/01/2011  20:39    <DIR>          MSSQL10_50.SQLEXPRESS
               0 File(s)              0 bytes
               6 Dir(s)  209,496,424,448 bytes free

User · Answer

Here is a more complete implementation of command line execution   Usage  executeCommand  ls      Output   12 27 2017 11 18 11 732  ls 12 27 2017 11 18 11 820  build gradle 12 27 2017 11 18 11 820  gradle 12 27 2017 11 18 11 820  gradlew 12 27 2017 11 18 11 820  gradlew bat 12 27 2017 11 18 11 820  out 12 27 2017 11 18 11 820  settings gradle 12 27 2017 11 18 11 820  src   Code  private void executeCommand String command        try           log command           Process process   Runtime getRuntime   exec command           logOutput process getInputStream                 logOutput process getErrorStream     Error              process waitFor          catch  IOException   InterruptedException e            e printStackTrace             private void logOutput InputStream inputStream  String prefix        new Thread    - gt            Scanner scanner   new Scanner inputStream   UTF-8            while  scanner hasNextLine                  synchronized  this                    log prefix   scanner nextLine                                     scanner close           start       private static SimpleDateFormat format   new SimpleDateFormat  MM dd yyyy hh mm ss SSS     private synchronized void log String message        System out println format format new Date             message

User · Answer

If you want to perform actions like cd  then use   String   command    command to be executed  arg1  arg2   ProcessBuilder builder   new ProcessBuilder command   builder   builder directory new File  directory location       Example   String   command     ls    -al    ProcessBuilder builder   new ProcessBuilder command   builder   builder directory new File   ngs app abc     Process p   builder start      It is important that you split the command and all arguments in separate strings of the string array  otherwise they will not be provided correctly by the ProcessBuilder API

User · Answer

Here the value adder is use of ampersands to batch commands and correct format for change drive with cd   public class CmdCommander    public static void main String   args  throws Exception         easyway to start native windows command prompt from Intellij             Rules are      1 baseStart must be dual start     2 first command must not have  amp       3 subsequent commands must be prepended with  amp      4 drive change needs extra  amp      5 use quotes at start and end of command batch            String startQuote             String endQuote               String baseStart not taking commands     cmd   K start        String baseStart     cmd   K start cmd  K     dual start is must      String first command chcp     chcp 1251        String dirList      amp dir      amp  in front of commands after first command means enter       change drive    to yours     String changeDir      amp cd  amp I      extra  amp  makes changing drive happen      String javaLaunch      amp java     just another command     String javaClass     Encodes     parameter for java needs no  amp       String javaCommand   javaLaunch   javaClass        build batch command     String totalCommand               baseStart                       startQuote                       first command chcp                         javaCommand                       changeDir                       dirList                       endQuote       System out println totalCommand    prints into Intellij terminal     runCmd totalCommand         Thread t   Thread currentThread          t sleep 3000       System out println  loppu hep     prints into Intellij terminal      public static void runCmd String command  throws Exception        Runtime rt   Runtime getRuntime        Process proc   rt exec command

User · Answer

My example  from real project   folder     File   zipFile  filesString     String           final String command     bin tar -xvf     zipFile         filesString          logger info  Start unzipping        into the folder      command  folder getPath             final Runtime r   Runtime getRuntime            final Process p   r exec command  null  folder           final int returnCode   p waitFor             if  logger isWarnEnabled                  final BufferedReader is   new BufferedReader new InputStreamReader p getInputStream                  String line              while   line   is readLine       null                    logger warn line                             final BufferedReader is2   new BufferedReader new InputStreamReader p getErrorStream                  while   line   is2 readLine       null                    logger warn line

User · Answer

Stopping and Disabling a service can be done via below code  static void sdService         String   cmd     quot cmd exe quot    quot  c quot    quot net quot    quot stop quot    quot MSSQLSERVER quot        try                      Process process   new ProcessBuilder cmd  start            process waitFor                  String line   null          BufferedReader bufferedReader   new BufferedReader new InputStreamReader process getInputStream              while  line   bufferedReader readLine       null                System out println line                                                  line   null          bufferedReader   null          Process p   Runtime getRuntime   exec  quot sc config MSSQLSERVER start  disabled quot            p waitFor            bufferedReader   new BufferedReader new InputStreamReader p getInputStream              while  line   bufferedReader readLine       null                System out println line                                      catch  Exception e            e printStackTrace                                Enabling and Starting a service can be done via below code static void esService         String   cmd     quot cmd exe quot    quot  c quot    quot net quot    quot start quot    quot MSSQLSERVER quot                             try           Process p   Runtime getRuntime   exec  quot sc config MSSQLSERVER start  auto quot              Process p   Runtime getRuntime   exec  quot sc config MSSQLSERVER start  demand quot            p waitFor                    String line   null          BufferedReader bufferedReader   new BufferedReader new InputStreamReader p getInputStream              while  line   bufferedReader readLine       null                System out println line                                                  line   null          bufferedReader   null          Process process   new ProcessBuilder cmd  start                      process waitFor            bufferedReader   new BufferedReader new InputStreamReader process getInputStream              while  line   bufferedReader readLine       null                System out println line                                            catch  Exception e            e printStackTrace                            Executing command from any folder can be done via below code  static void runFromSpecificFolder                try           ProcessBuilder processBuilder   new ProcessBuilder  quot cmd exe quot    quot  c quot    quot cd   quot C   Users  himan  Desktop  Java Test Deployment  jarfiles  quot   amp  amp  dir quot              processBuilder directory new File  quot C   Users  himan  Desktop  Java Test Deployment  jarfiles quot             processBuilder redirectErrorStream true           Process p   processBuilder start            p waitFor                    String line   null          BufferedReader bufferedReader   new BufferedReader new InputStreamReader p getInputStream              while  line   bufferedReader readLine       null                System out println line                                   catch  Exception e            e printStackTrace                                public static void main String args          sdService        runFromSpecificFolder        esService

User · Answer

one of the way to execute cmd from java    public void executeCmd         String anyCommand  your command       try           Process process   Runtime getRuntime   exec  cmd  c start cmd exe  K     anyCommand          catch  IOException e            e printStackTrace

User · Answer

You can t run cd this way  because cd isn t a real program  it s a built-in part of the command-line  and all it does is change the command-line s environment  It doesn t make sense to run it in a subprocess  because then you re changing that subprocess s environment  mdash  but that subprocess closes immediately  discarding its environment   To set the current working directory in your actual Java program  you should write   System setProperty  user dir    C   Program Files  Flowella

User · Answer

Try this    Process runtime   Runtime getRuntime   exec  cmd  c start notepad   exe

User · Answer

You can try this -  Process p   Runtime getRuntime   exec command

User · Answer

Once you get the reference to Process  you can call getOutpuStream on it to get the standard input of the cmd prompt  Then you can send any command over the stream using write method as with any other stream   Note that it is process getOutputStream   which is connected to the stdin on the spawned process  Similarly  to get the output of any command  you will need to call getInputStream and then read over this as any other input stream

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public class Demo       public static void main String args    throws IOException        Process process   Runtime getRuntime   exec   Users        Library Android sdk platform-tools adb      shell dumpsys battery         BufferedReader in   new BufferedReader new InputStreamReader process getInputStream          String line   null      while  true            line   in readLine            if  line    null    break            System out println line

User · Answer

The easiest way would be to use Runtime getRuntime exec     For example  to get a registry value for the default browser on Windows   String command    REG QUERY HKEY CLASSES ROOT  http  shell  open  command   try       Process process   Runtime getRuntime   exec command     catch  IOException e        e printStackTrace        Then use a Scanner to get the output of the command  if necessary   Scanner kb   new Scanner process getInputStream       Note  the   is an escape character in a String  and must be escaped to work properly  hence the         However  there is no executable called cd  because it can t be implemented in a separate process   The one case where the current working directory matters is executing an external process  using ProcessBuilder or Runtime exec     In those cases you can specify the working directory to use for the newly started process explicitly   Easiest way for your command    System setProperty  user dir    C   Program Files  Flowella

User · Answer

The simplest and shortest way is to use CmdTool library   new Cmd             configuring new WorkDir  C  Program Files Flowella              command  cmd exe     c    start             execute      You can find more examples here

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