How do you run a program all by itself without an operating system running?
You place your binary code to a place where processor looks for after rebooting (e.g. address 0 on ARM).
Can you create assembly programs that the computer can load and run at startup ( e.g. boot the computer from a flash drive and it runs the program that is on the drive)?
General answer to the question: it can be done. It's often referred to as "bare metal programming". To read from flash drive, you want to know what's USB, and you want to have some driver to work with this USB. The program on this drive would also have to be in some particular format, on some particular filesystem... This is something that boot loaders usually do, but your program could include its own bootloader so it's self-contained, if the firmware will only load a small block of code.
Many ARM boards let you do some of those things. Some have boot loaders to help you with basic setup.
Here you may find a great tutorial on how to do a basic operating system on a Raspberry Pi.
Edit: This article, and the whole wiki.osdev.org will anwer most of your questions http://wiki.osdev.org/Introduction
Also, if you don't want to experiment directly on hardware, you can run it as a virtual machine using hypervisors like qemu. See how to run "hello world" directly on virtualized ARM hardware here.
As the 64bit version is an x86 architecture and was accordingly first called x86-64, that would be the most appropriate name, IMO. Also, x32 is a thing (as mentioned before)—‘x64’, however, is not a continuation of that, so is (theoretically) missleading (even though many people will know what you are talking about) and should thus only be recognised as a marketing thing, not an ‘official’ architecture (again, IMO–obviously, others disagree).
Install gcc multiple library.
sudo apt-get install gcc-multilib
JNZ is short for "Jump if not zero (ZF = 0)", and NOT "Jump if the ZF is set".
If it's any easier to remember, consider that JNZ and JNE (jump if not equal) are equivalent. Therefore, when you're doing cmp al, 47 and the content of AL is equal to 47, the ZF is set, ergo the jump (if Not Equal - JNE) should not be taken.
Unless you're writing code that will be called millions of times per second (such as, e.g., drawing a line to the screen in a graphics application), integer vs. floating-point arithmetic is rarely the bottleneck.
The usual first step to the efficiency questions is to profile your code to see where the run-time is really spent. The linux command for this is gprof.
Edit:
Though I suppose you can always implement the line drawing algorithm using integers and floating-point numbers, call it a large number of times and see if it makes a difference:
As mentioned, it causes control to jump to interrupt vector 0x80. In practice what this means (at least under Linux) is that a system call is invoked; the exact system call and arguments are defined by the contents of the registers. For example, exit() can be invoked by setting %eax to 1 followed by 'int 0x80'.
The features available to use are dependent on your processor. Apple uses the same Intel stuff as everybody else. So yes, generic x86 should be fine (assuming you're not on a PPC :D).
As far as tools go, I think your best bet is a good text editor that 'understands' assembly.
To get an .exe with NASM'compiler and Visual Studio's linker this code works fine:
global WinMain
extern ExitProcess ; external functions in system libraries
extern MessageBoxA
section .data
title: db 'Win64', 0
msg: db 'Hello world!', 0
section .text
WinMain:
sub rsp, 28h
mov rcx, 0 ; hWnd = HWND_DESKTOP
lea rdx,[msg] ; LPCSTR lpText
lea r8,[title] ; LPCSTR lpCaption
mov r9d, 0 ; uType = MB_OK
call MessageBoxA
add rsp, 28h
mov ecx,eax
call ExitProcess
hlt ; never here
If this code is saved on e.g. "test64.asm", then to compile:
nasm -f win64 test64.asm
Produces "test64.obj" Then to link from command prompt:
path_to_link\link.exe test64.obj /subsystem:windows /entry:WinMain /libpath:path_to_libs /nodefaultlib kernel32.lib user32.lib /largeaddressaware:no
where path_to_link could be C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0\VC\bin or wherever is your link.exe program in your machine, path_to_libs could be C:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\8.1\Lib\winv6.3\um\x64 or wherever are your libraries (in this case both kernel32.lib and user32.lib are on the same place, otherwise use one option for each path you need) and the /largeaddressaware:no option is necessary to avoid linker's complain about addresses to long (for user32.lib in this case). Also, as it is done here, if Visual's linker is invoked from command prompt, it is necessary to setup the environment previously (run once vcvarsall.bat and/or see MS C++ 2010 and mspdb100.dll).
pushing a value (not necessarily stored in a register) means writing it to the stack.
popping means restoring whatever is on top of the stack into a register. Those are basic instructions:
push 0xdeadbeef ; push a value to the stack
pop eax ; eax is now 0xdeadbeef
; swap contents of registers
push eax
mov eax, ebx
pop ebx
lea is an abbreviation of "load effective address". It loads the address of the location reference by the source operand to the destination operand. For instance, you could use it to:
lea ebx, [ebx+eax*8]
to move ebx pointer eax items further (in a 64-bit/element array) with a single instruction. Basically, you benefit from complex addressing modes supported by x86 architecture to manipulate pointers efficiently.
Below is a batch file that will run corflags.exe against all dlls and exes in the current working directory and all sub-directories, parse the results and display the target architecture of each.
Depending on the version of corflags.exe that is used, the line items in the output will either include 32BIT, or 32BITREQ (and 32BITPREF). Whichever of these two is included in the output is the critical line item that must be checked to differentiate between Any CPU and x86. If you are using an older version of corflags.exe (pre Windows SDK v8.0A), then only the 32BIT line item will be present in the output, as others have indicated in past answers. Otherwise 32BITREQ and 32BITPREF replace it.
This assumes corflags.exe is in the %PATH%. The simplest way to ensure this is to use a Developer Command Prompt. Alternatively you could copy it from it's default location.
If the batch file below is run against an unmanaged dll or exe, it will incorrectly display it as x86, since the actual output from Corflags.exe will be an error message similar to:
corflags : error CF008 : The specified file does not have a valid managed header
@echo off
echo.
echo Target architecture for all exes and dlls:
echo.
REM For each exe and dll in this directory and all subdirectories...
for %%a in (.exe, .dll) do forfiles /s /m *%%a /c "cmd /c echo @relpath" > testfiles.txt
for /f %%b in (testfiles.txt) do (
REM Dump corflags results to a text file
corflags /nologo %%b > corflagsdeets.txt
REM Parse the corflags results to look for key markers
findstr /C:"PE32+">nul .\corflagsdeets.txt && (
REM `PE32+` indicates x64
echo %%~b = x64
) || (
REM pre-v8 Windows SDK listed only "32BIT" line item,
REM newer versions list "32BITREQ" and "32BITPREF" line items
findstr /C:"32BITREQ : 0">nul /C:"32BIT : 0" .\corflagsdeets.txt && (
REM `PE32` and NOT 32bit required indicates Any CPU
echo %%~b = Any CPU
) || (
REM `PE32` and 32bit required indicates x86
echo %%~b = x86
)
)
del corflagsdeets.txt
)
del testfiles.txt
echo.
You have it right. The stack pointer points to the top item on the stack and the base pointer points to the "previous" top of the stack before the function was called.
When you call a function, any local variable will be stored on the stack and the stack pointer will be incremented. When you return from the function, all the local variables on the stack go out of scope. You do this by setting the stack pointer back to the base pointer (which was the "previous" top before the function call).
Doing memory allocation this way is very, very fast and efficient.
There are a few operations you can only do with DI/SI (or their extended counterparts, if you didn't learn ASM in 1985). Among these are
REP STOSB
REP MOVSB
REP SCASB
Which are, respectively, operations for repeated (= mass) storing, loading and scanning. What you do is you set up SI and/or DI to point at one or both operands, perhaps put a count in CX and then let 'er rip. These are operations that work on a bunch of bytes at a time, and they kind of put the CPU in automatic. Because you're not explicitly coding loops, they do their thing more efficiently (usually) than a hand-coded loop.
Just in case you're wondering: Depending on how you set the operation up, repeated storing can be something simple like punching the value 0 into a large contiguous block of memory; MOVSB is used, I think, to copy data from one buffer (well, any bunch of bytes) to another; and SCASB is used to look for a byte that matches some search criterion (I'm not sure if it's only searching on equality, or what – you can look it up :) )
That's most of what those regs are for.
The assembler(GNU) is as(1)
JE and JZ are just different names for exactly the same thing: a
conditional jump when ZF (the "zero" flag) is equal to 1.
(Similarly, JNE and JNZ are just different names for a conditional jump
when ZF is equal to 0.)
You could use them interchangeably, but you should use them depending on what you are doing:
JZ/JNZ are more appropriate when you are explicitly testing
for something being equal to zero:
dec ecx
jz counter_is_now_zero
JE and JNE are more appropriate after a CMP instruction:
cmp edx, 42
je the_answer_is_42
(A CMP instruction performs a subtraction, and throws the value of the result away, while keeping the flags; which is why you get ZF=1 when the operands are equal
and ZF=0 when they're not.)
The command JG simply means: Jump if Greater. The result of the preceding instructions is stored in certain processor flags (in this it would test if ZF=0 and SF=OF) and jump instruction act according to their state.
The most useful thing you can do here is display/i $pc, before using stepi as already suggested in R Samuel Klatchko's answer. This tells gdb to disassemble the current instruction just before printing the prompt each time; then you can just keep hitting Enter to repeat the stepi command.
(See my answer to another question for more detail - the context of that question was different, but the principle is the same.)
The dword ptr part is called a size directive. This page explains them, but it wasn't possible to direct-link to the correct section.
Basically, it means "the size of the target operand is 32 bits", so this will bitwise-AND the 32-bit value at the address computed by taking the contents of the ebp register and subtracting four with 0.
Quick review,
From x86 assembly tutorial,
The pop instruction removes the 4-byte data element from the top of the hardware-supported stack into the specified operand (i.e. register or memory location). It first moves the 4 bytes located at memory location [SP] into the specified register or memory location, and then increments SP by 4.
Your num is 1 byte. Try declaring it with DD so that it becomes 4 bytes and matches with pop semantics.
Interrupts are hardware interrupts, while traps are software-invoked interrupts. Occurrences of hardware interrupts usually disable other hardware interrupts, but this is not true for traps. If you need to disallow hardware interrupts until a trap is served, you need to explicitly clear the interrupt flag. And usually the interrupt flag on the computer affects (hardware) interrupts as opposed to traps. This means that clearing this flag will not prevent traps. Unlike traps, interrupts should preserve the previous state of the CPU.
Yet another method is using the LOOP instruction:
mov cx, 3
myloop:
; Your loop content
loop myloop
The loop instruction automatically decrements cx, and only jumps if cx != 0. There are also LOOPE, and LOOPNE variants, if you want to do some additional check for your loop to break out early.
If you want to modify cx during your loop, make sure to push it onto the stack before the loop content, and pop it off after:
mov cx, 3
myloop:
push cx
; Your loop content
pop cx
loop myloop
I can't give an authoritative answer, but provide an overview of a likely cause. This reference shows pretty clearly that for the instructions in the body of your loop there is a 3:1 ratio between latency and throughput. It also shows the effects of multiple dispatch. Since there are (give-or-take) three integer units in modern x86 processors, it's generally possible to dispatch three instructions per cycle.
So between peak pipeline and multiple dispatch performance and failure of these mechanisms, we have a factor of six in performance. It's pretty well known that the complexity of the x86 instruction set makes it quite easy for quirky breakage to occur. The document above has a great example:
The Pentium 4 performance for 64-bit right shifts is really poor. 64-bit left shift as well as all 32-bit shifts have acceptable performance. It appears that the data path from the upper 32 bits to the lower 32 bit of the ALU is not well designed.
I personally ran into a strange case where a hot loop ran considerably slower on a specific core of a four-core chip (AMD if I recall). We actually got better performance on a map-reduce calculation by turning that core off.
Here my guess is contention for integer units: that the popcnt, loop counter, and address calculations can all just barely run at full speed with the 32-bit wide counter, but the 64-bit counter causes contention and pipeline stalls. Since there are only about 12 cycles total, potentially 4 cycles with multiple dispatch, per loop body execution, a single stall could reasonably affect run time by a factor of 2.
The change induced by using a static variable, which I'm guessing just causes a minor reordering of instructions, is another clue that the 32-bit code is at some tipping point for contention.
I know this is not a rigorous analysis, but it is a plausible explanation.
Basically ... "Move into REG ... after computing it..." it seems to be nice for other purposes as well :)
if you just forget that the value is a pointer you can use it for code optimizations/minimization ...what ever..
MOV EBX , 1
MOV ECX , 2
;//with 1 instruction you got result of 2 registers in 3rd one ...
LEA EAX , [EBX+ECX+5]
EAX = 8
originaly it would be:
MOV EAX, EBX
ADD EAX, ECX
ADD EAX, 5
| 0000 0001 0010 0011 0100 0101 0110 0111 | ------> EAX
| 0100 0101 0110 0111 | ------> AX
| 0110 0111 | ------> AL
| 0100 0101 | ------> AH
CMP subtracts the operands and sets the flags. Namely, it sets the zero flag if the difference is zero (operands are equal).
TEST sets the zero flag, ZF, when the result of the AND operation is zero. If two operands are equal, their bitwise AND is zero when both are zero. TEST also sets the sign flag, SF, when the most significant bit is set in the result, and the parity flag, PF, when the number of set bits is even.
JE [Jump if Equals] tests the zero flag and jumps if the flag is set. JE is an alias of JZ [Jump if Zero] so the disassembler cannot select one based on the opcode. JE is named such because the zero flag is set if the arguments to CMP are equal.
So,
TEST %eax, %eax
JE 400e77 <phase_1+0x23>
jumps if the %eax is zero.
I have faced this issue today. In my case, my application's (had a reference to a 64-bit dll) platform target was set to AnyCPU but Prefer 32-bit check box under platform target section was ticked by default. This was the problem and worked all fine after un-checking Prefer 32-bit option.
First a CMP (comparison) instruction is called then one of the following:
jle - jump to line if less than or equal to
jge - jump to line if greater than or equal to
The lowest assembler works with is bytes, not bits (directly anyway). If you want to know about bit logic you'll need to take a look at circuit design.
The simple answer:
doing a MOV RBX, 3 and MUL RBX is expensive; just ADD RBX, RBX twice
ADD 1 is probably faster than INC here
MOV 2 and DIV is very expensive; just shift right
64-bit code is usually noticeably slower than 32-bit code and the alignment issues are more complicated; with small programs like this you have to pack them so you are doing parallel computation to have any chance of being faster than 32-bit code
If you generate the assembly listing for your C++ program, you can see how it differs from your assembly.
To compile TensorFlow with SSE4.2 and AVX, you can use directly
bazel build --config=mkl --config="opt" --copt="-march=broadwell" --copt="-O3" //tensorflow/tools/pip_package:build_pip_package
mov al,3 ;print ?
mov dl,al
;call print service(2) to print from dl
mov ah,2
int 21h
;return to DOS
mov ah,76 ;76 = 4ch
int 21h ;call interrupt
The first loop alternates writing in each variable. The second and third ones only make small jumps of element size.
Try writing two parallel lines of 20 crosses with a pen and paper separated by 20 cm. Try once finishing one and then the other line and try another time by writting a cross in each line alternately.
Neither has anything specific to keyboard or mobile, other than the fact that for years ARM has had a pretty substantial advantage in terms of power consumption, which made it attractive for all sorts of battery operated devices.
As far as the actual differences: ARM has more registers, supported predication for most instructions long before Intel added it, and has long incorporated all sorts of techniques (call them "tricks", if you prefer) to save power almost everywhere it could.
There's also a considerable difference in how the two encode instructions. Intel uses a fairly complex variable-length encoding in which an instruction can occupy anywhere from 1 up to 15 byte. This allows programs to be quite small, but makes instruction decoding relatively difficult (as in: decoding instructions fast in parallel is more like a complete nightmare).
ARM has two different instruction encoding modes: ARM and THUMB. In ARM mode, you get access to all instructions, and the encoding is extremely simple and fast to decode. Unfortunately, ARM mode code tends to be fairly large, so it's fairly common for a program to occupy around twice as much memory as Intel code would. Thumb mode attempts to mitigate that. It still uses quite a regular instruction encoding, but reduces most instructions from 32 bits to 16 bits, such as by reducing the number of registers, eliminating predication from most instructions, and reducing the range of branches. At least in my experience, this still doesn't usually give quite as dense of coding as x86 code can get, but it's fairly close, and decoding is still fairly simple and straightforward. Lower code density means you generally need at least a little more memory and (generally more seriously) a larger cache to get equivalent performance.
At one time Intel put a lot more emphasis on speed than power consumption. They started emphasizing power consumption primarily on the context of laptops. For laptops their typical power goal was on the order of 6 watts for a fairly small laptop. More recently (much more recently) they've started to target mobile devices (phones, tablets, etc.) For this market, they're looking at a couple of watts or so at most. They seem to be doing pretty well at that, though their approach has been substantially different from ARM's, emphasizing fabrication technology where ARM has mostly emphasized micro-architecture (not surprising, considering that ARM sells designs, and leaves fabrication to others).
Depending on the situation, a CPU's energy consumption is often more important than its power consumption though. At least as I'm using the terms, power consumption refers to power usage on a (more or less) instantaneous basis. Energy consumption, however, normalizes for speed, so if (for example) CPU A consumes 1 watt for 2 seconds to do a job, and CPU B consumes 2 watts for 1 second to do the same job, both CPUs consume the same total amount of energy (two watt seconds) to do that job--but with CPU B, you get results twice as fast.
ARM processors tend to do very well in terms of power consumption. So if you need something that needs a processor's "presence" almost constantly, but isn't really doing much work, they can work out pretty well. For example, if you're doing video conferencing, you gather a few milliseconds of data, compress it, send it, receive data from others, decompress it, play it back, and repeat. Even a really fast processor can't spend much time sleeping, so for tasks like this, ARM does really well.
Intel's processors (especially their Atom processors, which are actually intended for low power applications) are extremely competitive in terms of energy consumption. While they're running close to their full speed, they will consume more power than most ARM processors--but they also finish work quickly, so they can go back to sleep sooner. As a result, they can combine good battery life with good performance.
So, when comparing the two, you have to be careful about what you measure, to be sure that it reflects what you honestly care about. ARM does very well at power consumption, but depending on the situation you may easily care more about energy consumption than instantaneous power consumption.
An easy way to see what a modulus operator looks like on various architectures is to use the Godbolt Compiler Explorer.
Carry Flag is a flag set when:
a) two unsigned numbers were added and the result is larger than "capacity" of register where it is saved. Ex: we wanna add two 8 bit numbers and save result in 8 bit register. In your example: 255 + 9 = 264 which is more that 8 bit register can store. So the value "8" will be saved there (264 & 255 = 8) and CF flag will be set.
b) two unsigned numbers were subtracted and we subtracted the bigger one from the smaller one. Ex: 1-2 will give you 255 in result and CF flag will be set.
Auxiliary Flag is used as CF but when working with BCD. So AF will be set when we have overflow or underflow on in BCD calculations. For example: considering 8 bit ALU unit, Auxiliary flag is set when there is carry from 3rd bit to 4th bit i.e. carry from lower nibble to higher nibble. (Wiki link)
Overflow Flag is used as CF but when we work on signed numbers. Ex we wanna add two 8 bit signed numbers: 127 + 2. the result is 129 but it is too much for 8bit signed number, so OF will be set. Similar when the result is too small like -128 - 1 = -129 which is out of scope for 8 bit signed numbers.
You can read more about flags on wikipedia
This is just an Improvement of @soulcheck 's answer, and fix of the typo in forEach (missing closing bracket);
server.get('/usersList', (req, res) =>
User.find({}, (err, users) =>
res.send(users.reduce((userMap, item) => {
userMap[item.id] = item
return userMap
}, {}));
);
);
cheers!
After reading this question, I was intrigued by the fact that some answers offered optimization by running a loop with multiples of 2*3=6.
So I create a new function with the same idea, but with multiples of 2*3*5=30.
int check235(unsigned long n)
{
unsigned long sq, i;
if(n<=3||n==5)
return n>1;
if(n%2==0 || n%3==0 || n%5==0)
return 0;
if(n<=30)
return checkprime(n); /* use another simplified function */
sq=ceil(sqrt(n));
for(i=7; i<=sq; i+=30)
if (n%i==0 || n%(i+4)==0 || n%(i+6)==0 || n%(i+10)==0 || n%(i+12)==0
|| n%(i+16)==0 || n%(i+22)==0 || n%(i+24)==0)
return 0;
return 1;
}
By running both functions and checking times I could state that this function is really faster. Lets see 2 tests with 2 different primes:
$ time ./testprimebool.x 18446744069414584321 0
f(2,3)
Yes, its prime.
real 0m14.090s
user 0m14.096s
sys 0m0.000s
$ time ./testprimebool.x 18446744069414584321 1
f(2,3,5)
Yes, its prime.
real 0m9.961s
user 0m9.964s
sys 0m0.000s
$ time ./testprimebool.x 18446744065119617029 0
f(2,3)
Yes, its prime.
real 0m13.990s
user 0m13.996s
sys 0m0.004s
$ time ./testprimebool.x 18446744065119617029 1
f(2,3,5)
Yes, its prime.
real 0m10.077s
user 0m10.068s
sys 0m0.004s
So I thought, would someone gain too much if generalized? I came up with a function that will do a siege first to clean a given list of primordial primes, and then use this list to calculate the bigger one.
int checkn(unsigned long n, unsigned long *p, unsigned long t)
{
unsigned long sq, i, j, qt=1, rt=0;
unsigned long *q, *r;
if(n<2)
return 0;
for(i=0; i<t; i++)
{
if(n%p[i]==0)
return 0;
qt*=p[i];
}
qt--;
if(n<=qt)
return checkprime(n); /* use another simplified function */
if((q=calloc(qt, sizeof(unsigned long)))==NULL)
{
perror("q=calloc()");
exit(1);
}
for(i=0; i<t; i++)
for(j=p[i]-2; j<qt; j+=p[i])
q[j]=1;
for(j=0; j<qt; j++)
if(q[j])
rt++;
rt=qt-rt;
if((r=malloc(sizeof(unsigned long)*rt))==NULL)
{
perror("r=malloc()");
exit(1);
}
i=0;
for(j=0; j<qt; j++)
if(!q[j])
r[i++]=j+1;
free(q);
sq=ceil(sqrt(n));
for(i=1; i<=sq; i+=qt+1)
{
if(i!=1 && n%i==0)
return 0;
for(j=0; j<rt; j++)
if(n%(i+r[j])==0)
return 0;
}
return 1;
}
I assume I did not optimize the code, but it's fair. Now, the tests. Because so many dynamic memory, I expected the list 2 3 5 to be a little slower than the 2 3 5 hard-coded. But it was ok as you can see bellow. After that, time got smaller and smaller, culminating the best list to be:
2 3 5 7 11 13 17 19
With 8.6 seconds. So if someone would create a hardcoded program that makes use of such technique I would suggest use the list 2 3 and 5, because the gain is not that big. But also, if willing to code, this list is ok. Problem is you cannot state all cases without a loop, or your code would be very big (There would be 1658879 ORs, that is || in the respective internal if). The next list:
2 3 5 7 11 13 17 19 23
time started to get bigger, with 13 seconds. Here the whole test:
$ time ./testprimebool.x 18446744065119617029 2 3 5
f(2,3,5)
Yes, its prime.
real 0m12.668s
user 0m12.680s
sys 0m0.000s
$ time ./testprimebool.x 18446744065119617029 2 3 5 7
f(2,3,5,7)
Yes, its prime.
real 0m10.889s
user 0m10.900s
sys 0m0.000s
$ time ./testprimebool.x 18446744065119617029 2 3 5 7 11
f(2,3,5,7,11)
Yes, its prime.
real 0m10.021s
user 0m10.028s
sys 0m0.000s
$ time ./testprimebool.x 18446744065119617029 2 3 5 7 11 13
f(2,3,5,7,11,13)
Yes, its prime.
real 0m9.351s
user 0m9.356s
sys 0m0.004s
$ time ./testprimebool.x 18446744065119617029 2 3 5 7 11 13 17
f(2,3,5,7,11,13,17)
Yes, its prime.
real 0m8.802s
user 0m8.800s
sys 0m0.008s
$ time ./testprimebool.x 18446744065119617029 2 3 5 7 11 13 17 19
f(2,3,5,7,11,13,17,19)
Yes, its prime.
real 0m8.614s
user 0m8.564s
sys 0m0.052s
$ time ./testprimebool.x 18446744065119617029 2 3 5 7 11 13 17 19 23
f(2,3,5,7,11,13,17,19,23)
Yes, its prime.
real 0m13.013s
user 0m12.520s
sys 0m0.504s
$ time ./testprimebool.x 18446744065119617029 2 3 5 7 11 13 17 19 23 29
f(2,3,5,7,11,13,17,19,23,29)
q=calloc(): Cannot allocate memory
PS. I did not free(r) intentionally, giving this task to the OS, as the memory would be freed as soon as the program exited, to gain some time. But it would be wise to free it if you intend to keep running your code after the calculation.
BONUS
int check2357(unsigned long n)
{
unsigned long sq, i;
if(n<=3||n==5||n==7)
return n>1;
if(n%2==0 || n%3==0 || n%5==0 || n%7==0)
return 0;
if(n<=210)
return checkprime(n); /* use another simplified function */
sq=ceil(sqrt(n));
for(i=11; i<=sq; i+=210)
{
if(n%i==0 || n%(i+2)==0 || n%(i+6)==0 || n%(i+8)==0 || n%(i+12)==0 ||
n%(i+18)==0 || n%(i+20)==0 || n%(i+26)==0 || n%(i+30)==0 || n%(i+32)==0 ||
n%(i+36)==0 || n%(i+42)==0 || n%(i+48)==0 || n%(i+50)==0 || n%(i+56)==0 ||
n%(i+60)==0 || n%(i+62)==0 || n%(i+68)==0 || n%(i+72)==0 || n%(i+78)==0 ||
n%(i+86)==0 || n%(i+90)==0 || n%(i+92)==0 || n%(i+96)==0 || n%(i+98)==0 ||
n%(i+102)==0 || n%(i+110)==0 || n%(i+116)==0 || n%(i+120)==0 || n%(i+126)==0 ||
n%(i+128)==0 || n%(i+132)==0 || n%(i+138)==0 || n%(i+140)==0 || n%(i+146)==0 ||
n%(i+152)==0 || n%(i+156)==0 || n%(i+158)==0 || n%(i+162)==0 || n%(i+168)==0 ||
n%(i+170)==0 || n%(i+176)==0 || n%(i+180)==0 || n%(i+182)==0 || n%(i+186)==0 ||
n%(i+188)==0 || n%(i+198)==0)
return 0;
}
return 1;
}
Time:
$ time ./testprimebool.x 18446744065119617029 7
h(2,3,5,7)
Yes, its prime.
real 0m9.123s
user 0m9.132s
sys 0m0.000s
Try this:
var results = (from ta in context.TestAddresses
select ta.Name).Distinct();
This will give you an IEnumerable<string> - you can call .ToList() on it to get a List<string>.
In my case I ran on this problem while using Edge.js — all the problem was a JavaScript syntax error inside a C# Edge.js function definition.
It seems you need to do combobox->itemData(combobox->currentIndex()) if you want to get the current data of the QComboBox.
If you are using your own class derived from QComboBox, you can add a currentData() function.
You can split the string into characters and filter it.
<?php
function filter_alphanum($string) {
$characters = str_split($string);
$alphaNumeric = array_filter($characters,"ctype_alnum");
return join($alphaNumeric);
}
$res = filter_alphanum("a!bc!#123");
print_r($res); // abc123
?>
php artisan migrate:rollback --path=/database/migrations/0000_00_00_0000_create_something_table.php
This worked for me.
jQuery('#grid').jqGrid('clearGridData');
jQuery('#grid').jqGrid('setGridParam', {data: dataToLoad});
jQuery('#grid').trigger('reloadGrid');
Why not like this:
entries = ('a', 'b', 'c')
the_dict = {'b': 'foo'}
def entries_to_remove(entries, the_dict):
for key in entries:
if key in the_dict:
del the_dict[key]
A more compact version was provided by mattbornski using dict.pop()
As of powershell 5.0, you can now use the -Depth parameter in Get-ChildItem!
You combine it with -Recurse to limit the recursion.
Get-ChildItem -Recurse -Depth 2
You need to subscribe to a SMS gateway. There are thousands of those (try searching with google) and they are usually not free. For example this one has support for PHP.
Check the length of sys.argv:
if len(sys.argv) > 1:
blah = sys.argv[1]
else:
blah = 'blah'
Some people prefer the exception-based approach you've suggested (eg, try: blah = sys.argv[1]; except IndexError: blah = 'blah'), but I don't like it as much because it doesn't “scale” nearly as nicely (eg, when you want to accept two or three arguments) and it can potentially hide errors (eg, if you used blah = foo(sys.argv[1]), but foo(...) raised an IndexError, that IndexError would be ignored).
In case someone having a problem like i had. I was using the parenthesis with the return statement on the same line at which i had written the rest of the code. Also, i used map function and props so i got so many brackets. In this case, if you're new to React you can avoid the brackets around the props, because now everyone prefers to use the arrow functions. And in the map function you can also avoid the brackets around your function callback.
props.sample.map(function callback => (
));
like so. In above code sample you can see there is only opening parenthesis at the left of the function callback.
To easily understand the problem, imagine we wrote this code:
static void Main(string[] args)
{
string[] test = new string[3];
test[0]= "hello1";
test[1]= "hello2";
test[2]= "hello3";
for (int i = 0; i <= 3; i++)
{
Console.WriteLine(test[i].ToString());
}
}
Result will be:
hello1
hello2
hello3
Unhandled Exception: System.IndexOutOfRangeException: Index was outside the bounds of the array.
Size of array is 3 (indices 0, 1 and 2), but the for-loop loops 4 times (0, 1, 2 and 3).
So when it tries to access outside the bounds with (3) it throws the exception.
Based on the sample URL you provided, I'm going to assume you want to combine URLs that are relative to your site.
Based on this assumption I'll propose this solution as the most appropriate response to your question which was: "Path.Combine is handy, is there a similar function in the framework for URLs?"
Since there the is a similar function in the framework for URLs I propose the correct is: "VirtualPathUtility.Combine" method. Here's the MSDN reference link: VirtualPathUtility.Combine Method
There is one caveat: I believe this only works for URLs relative to your site (that is, you cannot use it to generate links to another web site. For example, var url = VirtualPathUtility.Combine("www.google.com", "accounts/widgets");).
Your curl command is entirely wrong. You should be using the following
curl -H 'Authorization: token <MYTOKEN>' ...
That aside, that doesn't authorize your computer to clone the repository if in fact it is private. (Taking a look, however, indicates that it is not.) What you would normally do is the following:
git clone https://scuzzlebuzzle:<MYTOKEN>@github.com/scuzzlebuzzle/ol3-1.git --branch=gh-pages gh-pages
That will add your credentials to the remote created when cloning the repository. Unfortunately, however, you have no control over how Travis clones your repository, so you have to edit the remote like so.
# After cloning
cd gh-pages
git remote set-url origin https://scuzzlebuzzle:<MYTOKEN>@github.com/scuzzlebuzzle/ol3-1.git
That will fix your project to use a remote with credentials built in.
Warning: Tokens have read/write access and should be treated like passwords. If you enter your token into the clone URL when cloning or adding a remote,
Git writes it to your .git/config file in plain text, which is a security risk.
I feel like the simplest solution would to just use indexOf
full example of pushing only unique elements to an array.
var arr = ['a','b','c','d','a','b','c','d'];
var newA = [];
for(var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++){
if(newA.indexOf(arr[i]) === -1){
newA.push(arr[i]);
}
}
To get class name you can use ReflectionClass
class MyClass {
public function myNameIs(){
return (new \ReflectionClass($this))->getShortName();
}
}
Other option:
SELECT CASE
WHEN EXISTS (
SELECT 1
FROM [MyTable] AS [MyRecord])
THEN CAST(1 AS BIT) ELSE CAST(0 AS BIT)
END
There is a special identifier that one can use in a formula to mean all the variables, it is the . identifier.
y <- c(1,4,6)
d <- data.frame(y = y, x1 = c(4,-1,3), x2 = c(3,9,8), x3 = c(4,-4,-2))
mod <- lm(y ~ ., data = d)
You can also do things like this, to use all variables but one (in this case x3 is excluded):
mod <- lm(y ~ . - x3, data = d)
Technically, . means all variables not already mentioned in the formula. For example
lm(y ~ x1 * x2 + ., data = d)
where . would only reference x3 as x1 and x2 are already in the formula.
Parsing JSON in Rails is quite straightforward:
parsed_json = ActiveSupport::JSON.decode(your_json_string)
Let's suppose, the object you want to associate the shortUrl with is a Site object, which has two attributes - short_url and long_url. Than, to get the shortUrl and associate it with the appropriate Site object, you can do something like:
parsed_json["results"].each do |longUrl, convertedUrl|
site = Site.find_by_long_url(longUrl)
site.short_url = convertedUrl["shortUrl"]
site.save
end
You could use a namedtuple instead of a dict. This is a shorthand for using a data class. Instead of
person = {'name': 'John', 'age': 14}
...do:
from collections import namedtuple
Person = namedtuple('person', ['name', 'age'])
p = Person(name='John', age=14)
p.name # 'John'
This is the same as writing a class that just holds data. In general I would avoid using dicts in django templates because they are awkward.
Here is another. We had a need to provide friendly names for our EnumValues. We used the System.ComponentModel.DescriptionAttribute to show a custom string value for each enum value.
public static class StaticClass
{
public static string GetEnumDescription(Enum currentEnum)
{
string description = String.Empty;
DescriptionAttribute da;
FieldInfo fi = currentEnum.GetType().
GetField(currentEnum.ToString());
da = (DescriptionAttribute)Attribute.GetCustomAttribute(fi,
typeof(DescriptionAttribute));
if (da != null)
description = da.Description;
else
description = currentEnum.ToString();
return description;
}
public static List<string> GetEnumFormattedNames<TEnum>()
{
var enumType = typeof(TEnum);
if (enumType == typeof(Enum))
throw new ArgumentException("typeof(TEnum) == System.Enum", "TEnum");
if (!(enumType.IsEnum))
throw new ArgumentException(String.Format("typeof({0}).IsEnum == false", enumType), "TEnum");
List<string> formattedNames = new List<string>();
var list = Enum.GetValues(enumType).OfType<TEnum>().ToList<TEnum>();
foreach (TEnum item in list)
{
formattedNames.Add(GetEnumDescription(item as Enum));
}
return formattedNames;
}
}
In Use
public enum TestEnum
{
[Description("Something 1")]
Dr = 0,
[Description("Something 2")]
Mr = 1
}
static void Main(string[] args)
{
var vals = StaticClass.GetEnumFormattedNames<TestEnum>();
}
This will end returning "Something 1", "Something 2"
I would like to use this field in order to return all the records that have been updated in the last 5 minutes.
This means you need to update the date to "now" every time you save the object. Maybe you'll find this useful: Moongoose create-modified plugin
Use != or <>. Both stands for not equal.
The comparison operators <> and != are alternate spellings of the same operator. != is the preferred spelling; <> is obsolescent. [Reference: Python language reference]
You will need to use openssl.
openssl pkcs12 -export -out domain.name.pfx -inkey domain.name.key -in domain.name.crt
The key file is just a text file with your private key in it.
If you have a root CA and intermediate certs, then include them as well using multiple -in params
openssl pkcs12 -export -out domain.name.pfx -inkey domain.name.key -in domain.name.crt -in intermediate.crt -in rootca.crt
You can install openssl from here: openssl
The use of the package \usepackage{fancyvrb} allows the definition of the fontsize argument inside Verbatim:
\begin{Verbatim}[fontsize=\small]
print "Hello, World"
\end{Verbatim}
The fontsize that you can specify are the common
\tiny
\scriptsize
\footnotesize
\small
\normalsize
\large
\Large
\LARGE
\huge
\Huge
I have found the simplest way to get current date and time in JavaScript from here - How to get current Date and Time using JavaScript
var today = new Date();
var date = today.getFullYear()+'-'+(today.getMonth()+1)+'-'+today.getDate();
var time = today.getHours() + ":" + today.getMinutes() + ":" + today.getSeconds();
var CurrentDateTime = date+' '+time;
This normally requires you to know ALL the column AND row labels beforehand. As you can see in the query below, the labels are all listed in their entirely in both the UNPIVOT and the (re)PIVOT operations.
MS SQL Server 2012 Schema Setup:
create table tbl (
color varchar(10), Paul int, John int, Tim int, Eric int);
insert tbl select
'Red' ,1 ,5 ,1 ,3 union all select
'Green' ,8 ,4 ,3 ,5 union all select
'Blue' ,2 ,2 ,9 ,1;
Query 1:
select *
from tbl
unpivot (value for name in ([Paul],[John],[Tim],[Eric])) up
pivot (max(value) for color in ([Red],[Green],[Blue])) p
| NAME | RED | GREEN | BLUE |
-----------------------------
| Eric | 3 | 5 | 1 |
| John | 5 | 4 | 2 |
| Paul | 1 | 8 | 2 |
| Tim | 1 | 3 | 9 |
Another solution:
Based on the document, Boolean object will return true if the value is not 0, undefined, null, etc. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Boolean
If value is omitted or is 0, -0, null, false, NaN, undefined, or the empty string (""), the object has an initial value of false.
So
if(Boolean(val))
{
//executable...
}
Sorry, much late to the party, but I'll add here that if you wanted to capture processes with names identical to your search string, you could do
pgrep -x PROCESS_NAME
-x Require an exact match of the process name, or argument list if -f is given. The default is to match any substring.
This is extremely useful if your original process created child processes (possibly zombie when you query) which prefix the original process' name in their own name and you are trying to exclude them from your results. There are many UNIX daemons which do this. My go-to example is ninja-dev-sync.
You can use the fixed CSS position property to accomplish this. There is a basic tutorial on this here.
EDIT: However, this approach is NOT supported in IE versions < IE7, and only in IE7 if it is in standards mode. This is discussed in a little more detail here.
There is also a hack, explained here, that shows how to accomplish fixed positioning in IE6 without affecting absolute positioning. What version of IE are you targeting your website for?
ianhanniballake is right. You can get all the functionality of Activity from FragmentActivity. In fact, FragmentActivity has more functionality.
Using FragmentActivity you can easily build tab and swap format. For each tab you can use different Fragment (Fragments are reusable). So for any FragmentActivity you can reuse the same Fragment.
Still you can use Activity for single pages like list down something and edit element of the list in next page.
Also remember to use Activity if you are using android.app.Fragment; use FragmentActivity if you are using android.support.v4.app.Fragment. Never attach a android.support.v4.app.Fragment to an android.app.Activity, as this will cause an exception to be thrown.
Each directive's compile function is only called once, when Angular bootstraps.
Officially, this is the place to perform (source) template manipulations that do not involve scope or data binding.
Primarily, this is done for optimisation purposes; consider the following markup:
<tr ng-repeat="raw in raws">
<my-raw></my-raw>
</tr>
The <my-raw> directive will render a particular set of DOM markup. So we can either:
ng-repeat to duplicate the source template (<my-raw>), and then modify the markup of each instance template (outside the compile function).compile function), and then allow ng-repeat to duplicate it.If there are 1000 items in the raws collection, the latter option may be faster than the former one.
Sometime gcc had created as /usr/bin/gcc32. so please create a ln -s /usr/bin/gcc32 /usr/bin/gcc and then compile that ./configure.
Bear in mind you may have to do pip install --upgrade Distribute if you have it installed already and your pip may be called pip2 for Python2 on some systems (it is on mine).
There is a comprehensive list of tools on the PostgreSQL Wiki:
https://wiki.postgresql.org/wiki/PostgreSQL_Clients
And of course PostgreSQL itself comes with pgAdmin, a GUI tool for accessing Postgres databases.
$('#el').prop('disabled', function(i, v) { return !v; });
The .prop() method accepts two arguments:
So in this case, I used a function that supplied me the index (i) and the current value (v), then I returned the opposite of the current value, so the property state is reversed.
UPDATE JAN 2018 - especially for Sublime/Mac
(This is very similar to Marty F's reply, but addresses some issues from previous responses, combines several different suggestions and discusses the critical distinction that gave me problems at first.)
I'm using Sublime Text 3 (build 3143) on Mac and have been trying for about 30 minutes to find this File Compare feature. I had used it before on Sublime/Mac without any problems, but this time, it was trickier. But, I finally figured it out.
The file format does not need to be UTF-8. I have successfully compared files that are UTF-8, ISO-8559-1, and Windows-1252.
There is no File > Open Folders on Sublime/Mac. Many instructions above start with "Select File > Open Folders," but that doesn't exist on Sublime/Mac.
File compare works on a Project basis. If you want to compare two files, they must be saved to disk and part of the current project.
Ways to open a project
Add a folder to a project. If the files you want to compare are not part of the same hierarchy, first open the folder containing one of the files. Then, select "Project > Add Folder to Project", navigate to the folder you want and click "Open". You will now see two root-level folders in your sidebar.
The Sidebar must be visible. You can either "View > Side Bar > Show Side Bar" or use the shortcut, Command-K, Command-B.
Files must be closed (ie, saved) to compare. Single-clicking a file in the Side Bar does not open the file, but it does display it. You can tell if a file is open if it's listed in the "Open Files" section at the top of the Side Bar. Double-clicking a file or making a modification to a file will automatically change a file's status to "Open". In this case, be sure to close it before trying to compare.
Select files from the folder hierarchy. Standard Mac shorcut here, (single) click the first file, then Command-click the second file. When you select the first file, you'll see its contents, but it's not open. Then, when you Command-click the second file, you'll see its contents, but again, neither are open. You'll notice only one tab in the editing panel.
Control-click is not the same as right-click. This was the one that got me. I use my trackpad and often resort to Control-click as a right-click or secondary-click. This does not work for me. However, since I configured my trackpad in System Preferences to use the bottom-right corner of my trackpad as a right-click, that worked, displaying the contextual menu, with "Delete", "Reveal in Finder", and.... "Diff Files..."
Voilà!
In linuxOS:
sed -i 's/textSerch/textReplace/g' namefile
if "sed" not work try :
perl -i -pe 's/textSerch/textReplace/g' namefile
If the Exception is being thrown in that try block then at worst case scenario Exception should be catching anything uncaught.
Consider that the first part of the test is throwing the Exception and wrap that in the try block as well.
\config\backup.php on line 123
'mail' => [
'to' => '',
],
You have prevent the default action of the event and return false from the function.
function onTestClick(e) {
e.preventDefault();
return false;
}
More recent and much cleaner: use event.key. No more arbitrary number codes!
NOTE: The old properties (
.keyCodeand.which) are Deprecated.
const node = document.getElementsByClassName("mySelect")[0];
node.addEventListener("keydown", function(event) {
if (event.key === "Enter") {
event.preventDefault();
// Do more work
}
});
node.addEventListener("keydown", ({key}) => {
if (key === "Enter") // Handle press
})
this is more likely happening because somewhere along your certificate chain you have a certificate, more likely an old root, which is still signed with the MD2RSA algorythm.
You need to locate it into your certificate store and delete it.
Then get back to your certification authority and ask them for then new root.
It will more likely be the same root with the same validity period but it has been recertified with SHA1RSA.
Hope this help.
You can also use insertAdjacentHTML function:
const select = document.querySelector('select')
const value = 'bmw'
const label = 'BMW'
select.insertAdjacentHTML('beforeend', `
<option value="${value}">${label}</option>
`)
Here is an idea: you calculate the (discrete) Laplacian of the image. I would expect it to be (negative and) large at maxima, in a way that is more dramatic than in the original images. Thus, maxima could be easier to find.
Here is another idea: if you know the typical size of the high-pressure spots, you can first smooth your image by convoluting it with a Gaussian of the same size. This may give you simpler images to process.
The answer is super simple, the type is Date:
const d: Date = new Date(); // but the type can also be inferred from "new Date()" already
It is the same as with every other object instance :)
$(".overdue").each( function() {
alert("Your book is overdue.");
});
Note that ".addClass()" works because addClass is a function defined on the jQuery object. You can't just plop any old function on the end of a selector and expect it to work.
Also, probably a bad idea to bombard the user with n popups (where n = the number of books overdue).
Perhaps use the size function:
alert( "You have " + $(".overdue").size() + " books overdue." );
Instead of putting int( ), put float( ) which will let you use decimals along with integers.
var fileStream = fs.createWriteStream('/path/to/file.jpg');
var s3Stream = s3.getObject({Bucket: 'myBucket', Key: 'myImageFile.jpg'}).createReadStream();
// Listen for errors returned by the service
s3Stream.on('error', function(err) {
// NoSuchKey: The specified key does not exist
console.error(err);
});
s3Stream.pipe(fileStream).on('error', function(err) {
// capture any errors that occur when writing data to the file
console.error('File Stream:', err);
}).on('close', function() {
console.log('Done.');
});
Reference: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdk-for-javascript/v2/developer-guide/requests-using-stream-objects.html
I didn't see this mentioned in other answers, so I'll add this to the pot.
As others have said, Python doesn't enforce type on function or method parameters. It is assumed that you know what you're doing, and that if you really need to know the type of something that was passed in, you will check it and decide what to do for yourself.
One of the main tools for doing this is the isinstance() function.
For example, if I write a method that expects to get raw binary text data, rather than the normal utf-8 encoded strings, I could check the type of the parameters on the way in and either adapt to what I find, or raise an exception to refuse.
def process(data):
if not isinstance(data, bytes) and not isinstance(data, bytearray):
raise TypeError('Invalid type: data must be a byte string or bytearray, not %r' % type(data))
# Do more stuff
Python also provides all kinds of tools to dig into objects. If you're brave, you can even use importlib to create your own objects of arbitrary classes, on the fly. I did this to recreate objects from JSON data. Such a thing would be a nightmare in a static language like C++.
I second Jon Skeet's answer and want to add the following links for everyone who want to know more about "volatile" and Interlocked:
Atomicity, volatility and immutability are different, part two
Atomicity, volatility and immutability are different, part three
Sayonara Volatile - (Wayback Machine snapshot of Joe Duffy's Weblog as it appeared in 2012)
Relative path:
ConnectionString = "Data Source=|DataDirectory|\Database.sdf";
Modifying DataDirectory as executable's path:
string executable = System.Reflection.Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().Location;
string path = (System.IO.Path.GetDirectoryName(executable));
AppDomain.CurrentDomain.SetData("DataDirectory", path);
Another way to achieve the same goal: flex boxes. Make the container a column flex box, and then you have all freedom to allow some elements to have fixed-size (default behavior) or to fill-up/shrink-down to the container space (with flex-grow:1 and flex-shrink:1).
#wrap {
display:flex;
flex-direction:column;
}
.extendOrShrink {
flex-shrink:1;
flex-grow:1;
overflow:auto;
}
See https://jsfiddle.net/2Lmodwxk/ (try to extend or reduce the window to notice the effect)
Note: you may also use the shorthand property:
flex:1 1 auto;
I had the same problem. I installed Eclipse 3.7 into a new folder, and created a new workspace. I launch Eclipse with a -data argument to reference the new workspace.
When I attempt to connect to the marketplace to get the SVN and Maven plugins, I get the same issues described in OP.
After a few more tries, I cleared the proxy settings for SOCKS protocol, and I was able to connect to the marketplace.
So the solution for me was to configure the manual settings for HTTP and HTTPS proxy, clear the settings for SOCKS, and restart Eclipse.
See: http://jsfiddle.net/thirtydot/cMNX2/8/
input {
-webkit-box-shadow: 0 0 5px 2px #fff;
-moz-box-shadow: 0 0 5px 2px #fff;
box-shadow: 0 0 5px 2px #fff;
}
Using a simple link for an action such as removing a record looks dangerous to me : what if a crawler is trying to index your pages ? It will ignore any javascript and follow every link, probably not a good thing.
You'd better use a form with method="POST".
And then you will have an event "OnSubmit" to do exactly what you want...
Solved for me... just this:
sudo chmod 777 -R .git/objects
You could query the table_privileges table in the information schema:
SELECT table_catalog, table_schema, table_name, privilege_type
FROM information_schema.table_privileges
WHERE grantee = 'MY_USER'
ASP.NET Core 3.1
This is my implementation of the feature, it works on server side as well as with jquery validation unobtrusive with a custom error message just like any other attribute:
The attribute:
[AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Property, AllowMultiple = false, Inherited = false)]
public class MustBeIntegerAttribute : ValidationAttribute, IClientModelValidator
{
public void AddValidation(ClientModelValidationContext context)
{
MergeAttribute(context.Attributes, "data-val", "true");
var errorMsg = FormatErrorMessage(context.ModelMetadata.GetDisplayName());
MergeAttribute(context.Attributes, "data-val-mustbeinteger", errorMsg);
}
public override bool IsValid(object value)
{
return int.TryParse(value?.ToString() ?? "", out int newVal);
}
private bool MergeAttribute(
IDictionary<string, string> attributes,
string key,
string value)
{
if (attributes.ContainsKey(key))
{
return false;
}
attributes.Add(key, value);
return true;
}
}
Client side logic:
$.validator.addMethod("mustbeinteger",
function (value, element, parameters) {
return !isNaN(parseInt(value)) && isFinite(value);
});
$.validator.unobtrusive.adapters.add("mustbeinteger", [], function (options) {
options.rules.mustbeinteger = {};
options.messages["mustbeinteger"] = options.message;
});
And finally the Usage:
[MustBeInteger(ErrorMessage = "You must provide a valid number")]
public int SomeNumber { get; set; }
Contrary to one of the other answers - I had the problem on push using ssh - I switched to https and it was fixed.
git remote remove origin
git remote add origin https://github..com/user/repo
git push --set-upstream origin master
You need the ip of the other pc and do:
scp user@ip_of_remote_pc:/home/user/stuff.php /Users/djorge/Desktop
it will ask you for 'user's password on the other pc.
I'm surprised nobody pointed out JSON's [] method, which makes it very easy and transparent to decode and encode from/to JSON.
If object is string-like, parse the string and return the parsed result as a Ruby data structure. Otherwise generate a JSON text from the Ruby data structure object and return it.
Consider this:
require 'json'
hash = {"val":"test","val1":"test1","val2":"test2"} # => {:val=>"test", :val1=>"test1", :val2=>"test2"}
str = JSON[hash] # => "{\"val\":\"test\",\"val1\":\"test1\",\"val2\":\"test2\"}"
str now contains the JSON encoded hash.
It's easy to reverse it using:
JSON[str] # => {"val"=>"test", "val1"=>"test1", "val2"=>"test2"}
Custom objects need to_s defined for the class, and inside it convert the object to a Hash then use to_json on it.
For ubuntu users I recommend this way:
sudo apt-get install -y graphviz libgraphviz-dev
Try using: border:0; or border:none;
For those looking for a cross-platform way that works on both Windows and Mac, the following works:
Sub CreateDir(strPath As String)
Dim elm As Variant
Dim strCheckPath As String
strCheckPath = ""
For Each elm In Split(strPath, Application.PathSeparator)
strCheckPath = strCheckPath & elm & Application.PathSeparator
If (Len(strCheckPath) > 1 And Not FolderExists(strCheckPath)) Then
MkDir strCheckPath
End If
Next
End Sub
Function FolderExists(FolderPath As String) As Boolean
FolderExists = True
On Error Resume Next
ChDir FolderPath
If Err <> 0 Then FolderExists = False
On Error GoTo 0
End Function
I have same problem with pipenv on Mac OS X 10.13 High Seirra, another Mac works just fine. I use Heroku to deploy my Django servers, some in 2.7 and some in 3.6. So, I need both 2.7 and 3.6. When HomeBrew install Python, it keeps python points to original 2.7, and python3 points to 3.6.
The problem might due to $ pip install pipenv. I checked /usr/local/bin and pipenv isn't there. So, I tried a full uninstall:
$ pip uninstall pipenv
Cannot uninstall requirement pipenv, not installed
You are using pip version 9.0.1, however version 10.0.1 is available.
You should consider upgrading via the 'pip install --upgrade pip' command.
$ pip3 uninstall pipenv
Skipping pipenv as it is not installed.
Then reinstall and works now:
$ pip3 install pipenv
Collecting pipenv
I know this has already been answered, but I stumbled across this question and went down the path of using format, which works, but it returns them as strings when I wanted integers.
I just realized that moment comes with date, month and year methods that return the actual integers for each method.
moment().date()
moment().month() // jan=0, dec=11
moment().year()
you can strip the '/':
>>> os.path.join('/home/build/test/sandboxes/', todaystr, '/new_sandbox/'.strip('/'))
'/home/build/test/sandboxes/04122019/new_sandbox'
2018 Solution, still other answers are valid but you dont need to use any dependency:
First you have to create a new migration:
php artisan make:migration change_appointment_time_column_type
Then in that migration file up(), try:
Schema::table('appointments', function ($table) {
$table->string('time')->change();
});
If you donot change the size default will be varchar(191) but If you want to change size of the field:
Schema::table('appointments', function ($table) {
$table->string('time', 40)->change();
});
Then migrate the file by:
php artisan migrate
You can change the class of the entire table and use the cascade in the CSS: http://jsbin.com/oyunuy/1/
That should do the trick :
byte[] bytes = toByteArray(Str.toCharArray());
public static byte[] toByteArray(char[] array) {
return toByteArray(array, Charset.defaultCharset());
}
public static byte[] toByteArray(char[] array, Charset charset) {
CharBuffer cbuf = CharBuffer.wrap(array);
ByteBuffer bbuf = charset.encode(cbuf);
return bbuf.array();
}
You can Try using :- git ls-files -s
According to the error message, you declared myLoc as a pointer to an NSInteger (NSInteger *myLoc) rather than an actual NSInteger (NSInteger myLoc). It needs to be the latter.
1 - Go to window . 2 - Go to Perspective and click . 3 - Go to Reset Perspective. 4 - Then you will find Eclipse all reset option.
You can use distutils.dir_util.copy_tree. It works just fine and you don't have to pass every argument, only src and dst are mandatory.
However in your case you can't use a similar tool likeshutil.copytree because it behaves differently: as the destination directory must not exist this function can't be used for overwriting its contents.
If you want to use the cp tool as suggested in the question comments beware that using the subprocess module is currently the recommended way for spawning new processes as you can see in the documentation of the os.system function.
According to the man page of wget, there are a couple of options related to timeouts -- and there is a default read timeout of 900s -- so I say that, yes, it could timeout.
Here are the options in question :
-T seconds
--timeout=seconds
Set the network timeout to seconds seconds. This is equivalent to specifying
--dns-timeout,--connect-timeout, and--read-timeout, all at the same time.
And for those three options :
--dns-timeout=seconds
Set the DNS lookup timeout to seconds seconds.
DNS lookups that don't complete within the specified time will fail.
By default, there is no timeout on DNS lookups, other than that implemented by system libraries.
--connect-timeout=seconds
Set the connect timeout to seconds seconds.
TCP connections that take longer to establish will be aborted.
By default, there is no connect timeout, other than that implemented by system libraries.
--read-timeout=seconds
Set the read (and write) timeout to seconds seconds.
The "time" of this timeout refers to idle time: if, at any point in the download, no data is received for more than the specified number of seconds, reading fails and the download is restarted.
This option does not directly affect the duration of the entire download.
I suppose using something like
wget -O - -q -t 1 --timeout=600 http://www.example.com/cron/run
should make sure there is no timeout before longer than the duration of your script.
(Yeah, that's probably the most brutal solution possible ^^ )
Does anybody have any experience to share?
There are 2^122 possible values for a type-4 UUID. (The spec says that you lose 2 bits for the type, and a further 4 bits for a version number.)
Assuming that you were to generate 1 million random UUIDs a second, the chances of a duplicate occurring in your lifetime would be vanishingly small. And to detect the duplicate, you'd have to solve the problem of comparing 1 million new UUIDs per second against all of the UUIDs you have previously generated1!
The chances that anyone has experienced (i.e. actually noticed) a duplicate in real life are even smaller than vanishingly small ... because of the practical difficulty of looking for collisions.
Now of course, you will typically be using a pseudo-random number generator, not a source of truly random numbers. But I think we can be confident that if you are using a creditable provider for your cryptographic strength random numbers, then it will be cryptographic strength, and the probability of repeats will be the same as for an ideal (non-biased) random number generator.
However, if you were to use a JVM with a "broken" crypto- random number generator, all bets are off. (And that might include some of the workarounds for "shortage of entropy" problems on some systems. Or the possibility that someone has tinkered with your JRE, either on your system or upstream.)
1 - Assuming that you used "some kind of binary btree" as proposed by an anonymous commenter, each UUID is going to need O(NlogN) bits of RAM memory to represent N distinct UUIDs assuming low density and random distribution of the bits. Now multiply that by 1,000,000 and the number of seconds that you are going to run the experiment for. I don't think that is practical for the length of time needed to test for collisions of a high quality RNG. Not even with (hypothetical) clever representations.
I hate to point out the obvious, but System.IO.FileNotFoundException means the program did not find the file you specified. So what you need to do is check what file your code is looking for in production.
To see what file your program is looking for in production (look at the FileName property of the exception), try these techniques:
Then look at the file system on the machine and see if the file exists. Most likely the case is that it doesn't exist.
There are two things to consider: users can modify forms, and you need to secure against Cross Site Scripting (XSS).
XSS
XSS is when a user enters HTML into their input. For example, what if a user submitted this value?:
" /><script type="text/javascript" src="http://example.com/malice.js"></script><input value="
This would be written into your form like so:
<input type="hidden" name="prova[]" value="" /><script type="text/javascript" src="http://example.com/malice.js"></script><input value=""/>
The best way to protect against this is to use htmlspecialchars() to secure your input. This encodes characters such as < into <. For example:
<input type="hidden" name="prova[]" value="<?php echo htmlspecialchars($array); ?>"/>
You can read more about XSS here: https://www.owasp.org/index.php/XSS
Form Modification
If I were on your site, I could use Chrome's developer tools or Firebug to modify the HTML of your page. Depending on what your form does, this could be used maliciously.
I could, for example, add extra values to your array, or values that don't belong in the array. If this were a file system manager, then I could add files that don't exist or files that contain sensitive information (e.g.: replace myfile.jpg with ../index.php or ../db-connect.php).
In short, you always need to check your inputs later to make sure that they make sense, and only use safe inputs in forms. A File ID (a number) is safe, because you can check to see if the number exists, then extract the filename from a database (this assumes that your database contains validated input). A File Name isn't safe, for the reasons described above. You must either re-validate the filename or else I could change it to anything.
Assuming the value is nvarchar type for that only we are using N''
map() doesn't return a list, it returns a map object.
You need to call list(map) if you want it to be a list again.
Even better,
from itertools import imap
payIntList = list(imap(int, payList))
Won't take up a bunch of memory creating an intermediate object, it will just pass the ints out as it creates them.
Also, you can do if choice.lower() == 'n': so you don't have to do it twice.
Python supports +=: you can do payIntList[i] += 1000 and numElements += 1 if you want.
If you really want to be tricky:
from itertools import count
for numElements in count(1):
payList.append(raw_input("Enter the pay amount: "))
if raw_input("Do you wish to continue(y/n)?").lower() == 'n':
break
and / or
for payInt in payIntList:
payInt += 1000
print payInt
Also, four spaces is the standard indent amount in Python.
In here:
if (ValidationUtils.isNullOrEmpty(lastName)) {
registrationErrors.add(ValidationErrors.LAST_NAME);
}
if (!ValidationUtils.isEmailValid(email)) {
registrationErrors.add(ValidationErrors.EMAIL);
}
you check for null or empty value on lastname, but in isEmailValid you don't check for empty value. Something like this should do
if (ValidationUtils.isNullOrEmpty(email) || !ValidationUtils.isEmailValid(email)) {
registrationErrors.add(ValidationErrors.EMAIL);
}
or better yet, fix your ValidationUtils.isEmailValid() to cope with null email values. It shouldn't crash, it should just return false.
For the newer versions of Apache pdfbox. Here is the example from the original source
/*
* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
* contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
* this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
* The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
* (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
* the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
package org.apache.pdfbox.examples.util;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import org.apache.pdfbox.pdmodel.PDDocument;
import org.apache.pdfbox.pdmodel.encryption.AccessPermission;
import org.apache.pdfbox.text.PDFTextStripper;
/**
* This is a simple text extraction example to get started. For more advance usage, see the
* ExtractTextByArea and the DrawPrintTextLocations examples in this subproject, as well as the
* ExtractText tool in the tools subproject.
*
* @author Tilman Hausherr
*/
public class ExtractTextSimple
{
private ExtractTextSimple()
{
// example class should not be instantiated
}
/**
* This will print the documents text page by page.
*
* @param args The command line arguments.
*
* @throws IOException If there is an error parsing or extracting the document.
*/
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException
{
if (args.length != 1)
{
usage();
}
try (PDDocument document = PDDocument.load(new File(args[0])))
{
AccessPermission ap = document.getCurrentAccessPermission();
if (!ap.canExtractContent())
{
throw new IOException("You do not have permission to extract text");
}
PDFTextStripper stripper = new PDFTextStripper();
// This example uses sorting, but in some cases it is more useful to switch it off,
// e.g. in some files with columns where the PDF content stream respects the
// column order.
stripper.setSortByPosition(true);
for (int p = 1; p <= document.getNumberOfPages(); ++p)
{
// Set the page interval to extract. If you don't, then all pages would be extracted.
stripper.setStartPage(p);
stripper.setEndPage(p);
// let the magic happen
String text = stripper.getText(document);
// do some nice output with a header
String pageStr = String.format("page %d:", p);
System.out.println(pageStr);
for (int i = 0; i < pageStr.length(); ++i)
{
System.out.print("-");
}
System.out.println();
System.out.println(text.trim());
System.out.println();
// If the extracted text is empty or gibberish, please try extracting text
// with Adobe Reader first before asking for help. Also read the FAQ
// on the website:
// https://pdfbox.apache.org/2.0/faq.html#text-extraction
}
}
}
/**
* This will print the usage for this document.
*/
private static void usage()
{
System.err.println("Usage: java " + ExtractTextSimple.class.getName() + " <input-pdf>");
System.exit(-1);
}
}
AngularJS and jQuery:
AngularJs and JQuery are completely different at every level except the JQLite functionality and you will see it once you start learning the AngularJs core features (I explained it below).
AngularJs is a client side framework that offers to build the independent client side application. JQuery is a client side library that play around the DOM.
AngularJs Cool Principle - If you want some changes on your UI think from model data change perspective. Change your data and UI will re-render itself. You need not to play around DOM each time unless and until it is hardly required and that should also be handled through Angular Directives.
To answer this question, I want to share my experience on the first enterprise application with AngularJS. These are the most awesome features that Angular provide where we start changing our jQuery mindset and we get the Angular like a framework and not the library.
Two-way data binding is amazing: I had a grid with all functionality UPDATE, DELTE, INSERT. I have a data object that binds the grid's model using ng-repeat. You only need to write a single line of simple JavaScript code for delete and insert and that's it. grid automatically updates as the grid model changes instantly. Update functionality is real time, no code for it. You feel amazing!!!
Reusable directives are super: Write directives in one place and use it throughout the application. OMG!!! I used these directive for paging, regex, validations, etc. It is really cool!
Routing is strong: It's up to your implementation how you want to use it, but it requires very few lines of code to route the request to specify HTML and controller (JavaScript)
Controllers are great: Controllers take care of their own HTML, but this separation works well for common functionality well as. If you want to call the same function on the click of a button on master HTML, just write the same function name in each controller and write individual code.
Plugins: There are many other similar features like showing an overlay in your app. You don't need to write code for it, just use an overlay plugin available as wc-overlay, and this will automatically take care of all XMLHttpRequest (XHR) requests.
Ideal for RESTful architecture: Being a complete frameworks makes AngularJS great to work with a RESTful architecture. To call REST CRUD APIs is very easier and
Services: Write common codes using services and less code in controllers. Sevices can be used to share common functionalities among the controllers.
Extensibility: Angular has extended the HTML directives using angular directives. Write expressions inside html and evaluate them on runtime. Create your own directives and services and use them in another project without any extra effort.
If you don't need typesafe, just bring block to a new separated file and change the extension to .js,.jsx
Yes, but be careful when using between for dates.
BETWEEN '20090101' AND '20090131'
is really interpreted as 12am, or
BETWEEN '20090101 00:00:00' AND '20090131 00:00:00'
so will miss anything that occurred during the day of Jan 31st. In this case, you will have to use:
myDate >= '20090101 00:00:00' AND myDate < '20090201 00:00:00' --CORRECT!
or
BETWEEN '20090101 00:00:00' AND '20090131 23:59:59' --WRONG! (see update!)
UPDATE: It is entirely possible to have records created within that last second of the day, with a datetime as late as 20090101 23:59:59.997!!
For this reason, the BETWEEN (firstday) AND (lastday 23:59:59) approach is not recommended.
Use the myDate >= (firstday) AND myDate < (Lastday+1) approach instead.
As others have mentioned, you could use a comparison function, but you can also overload the < operator and the default less<T> functor will work as well:
struct data {
string word;
int number;
bool operator < (const data& rhs) const {
return word.size() < rhs.word.size();
}
};
Then it's just:
std::sort(info.begin(), info.end());
Edit
As James McNellis pointed out, sort does not actually use the less<T> functor by default. However, the rest of the statement that the less<T> functor will work as well is still correct, which means that if you wanted to put struct datas into a std::map or std::set this would still work, but the other answers which provide a comparison function would need additional code to work with either.
Put the text file in the assets directory. If there isnt an assets dir create one in the root of the project. Then you can use Context.getAssets().open("BlockForTest.txt"); to open a stream to this file.
^.+\.(?:(?:[dD][oO][cC][xX]?)|(?:[pP][dD][fF]))$
Will accept .doc, .docx, .pdf files having a filename of at least one character:
^ = beginning of string
.+ = at least one character (any character)
\. = dot ('.')
(?:pattern) = match the pattern without storing the match)
[dD] = any character in the set ('d' or 'D')
[xX]? = any character in the set or none
('x' may be missing so 'doc' or 'docx' are both accepted)
| = either the previous or the next pattern
$ = end of matched string
Warning! Without enclosing the whole chain of extensions in (?:), an extension like .docpdf would pass.
You can test regular expressions at http://www.regextester.com/
If you did literally this:
encodeURIComponent('&')
Then the result is %26, you can test it here. Make sure the string you are encoding is just & and not & to begin with...otherwise it is encoding correctly, which is likely the case. If you need a different result for some reason, you can do a .replace(/&/g,'&') before the encoding.
You can use strtotime() for time calculation. Here is an example:
$checkTime = strtotime('09:00:59');
echo 'Check Time : '.date('H:i:s', $checkTime);
echo '<hr>';
$loginTime = strtotime('09:01:00');
$diff = $checkTime - $loginTime;
echo 'Login Time : '.date('H:i:s', $loginTime).'<br>';
echo ($diff < 0)? 'Late!' : 'Right time!'; echo '<br>';
echo 'Time diff in sec: '.abs($diff);
echo '<hr>';
$loginTime = strtotime('09:00:59');
$diff = $checkTime - $loginTime;
echo 'Login Time : '.date('H:i:s', $loginTime).'<br>';
echo ($diff < 0)? 'Late!' : 'Right time!';
echo '<hr>';
$loginTime = strtotime('09:00:00');
$diff = $checkTime - $loginTime;
echo 'Login Time : '.date('H:i:s', $loginTime).'<br>';
echo ($diff < 0)? 'Late!' : 'Right time!';
Check the already-asked question - how to get time difference in minutes:
Subtract the past-most one from the future-most one and divide by 60.
Times are done in unix format so they're just a big number showing the number of seconds from January 1 1970 00:00:00 GMT
For Bootstrap 3 the default radio/button-group structure is :
<div class="btn-group" data-toggle="buttons">
<label class="btn btn-primary">
<input type="radio" name="options" id="option1"> Option 1
</label>
<label class="btn btn-primary">
<input type="radio" name="options" id="option2"> Option 2
</label>
<label class="btn btn-primary">
<input type="radio" name="options" id="option3"> Option 3
</label>
</div>
And you can select the active one like this:
$('.btn-primary').on('click', function(){
alert($(this).find('input').attr('id'));
});
Markdown doesn't have a defined syntax to underline text.
I guess this is because underlined text is hard to read, and that it's usually used for hyperlinks.
It has to do with the order in which bytes are stored in memory. The decimal number 5001 is 0x1389 in hexadecimal, so the bytes involved are 0x13 and 0x89. Many devices store numbers in little-endian format, meaning that the least significant byte comes first. So in this particular example it means that in memory the number 5001 will be stored as
0x89 0x13
The htons() function makes sure that numbers are stored in memory in network byte order, which is with the most significant byte first. It will therefore swap the bytes making up the number so that in memory the bytes will be stored in the order
0x13 0x89
On a little-endian machine, the number with the swapped bytes is 0x8913 in hexadecimal, which is 35091 in decimal notation. Note that if you were working on a big-endian machine, the htons() function would not need to do any swapping since the number would already be stored in the right way in memory.
The underlying reason for all this swapping has to do with the network protocols in use, which require the transmitted packets to use network byte order.
Yes, you can do this. The knack you need is the concept that there are two ways of getting tables out of the table server. One way is ..
FROM TABLE A
The other way is
FROM (SELECT col as name1, col2 as name2 FROM ...) B
Notice that the select clause and the parentheses around it are a table, a virtual table.
So, using your second code example (I am guessing at the columns you are hoping to retrieve here):
SELECT a.attr, b.id, b.trans, b.lang
FROM attribute a
JOIN (
SELECT at.id AS id, at.translation AS trans, at.language AS lang, a.attribute
FROM attributeTranslation at
) b ON (a.id = b.attribute AND b.lang = 1)
Notice that your real table attribute is the first table in this join, and that this virtual table I've called b is the second table.
This technique comes in especially handy when the virtual table is a summary table of some kind. e.g.
SELECT a.attr, b.id, b.trans, b.lang, c.langcount
FROM attribute a
JOIN (
SELECT at.id AS id, at.translation AS trans, at.language AS lang, at.attribute
FROM attributeTranslation at
) b ON (a.id = b.attribute AND b.lang = 1)
JOIN (
SELECT count(*) AS langcount, at.attribute
FROM attributeTranslation at
GROUP BY at.attribute
) c ON (a.id = c.attribute)
See how that goes? You've generated a virtual table c containing two columns, joined it to the other two, used one of the columns for the ON clause, and returned the other as a column in your result set.
Use config.to_prepare to load you monkey patches/extensions for every request in development mode.
config.to_prepare do |action_dispatcher|
# More importantly, will run upon every request in development, but only once (during boot-up) in production and test.
Rails.logger.info "\n--- Loading extensions for #{self.class} "
Dir.glob("#{Rails.root}/lib/extensions/**/*.rb").sort.each do |entry|
Rails.logger.info "Loading extension(s): #{entry}"
require_dependency "#{entry}"
end
Rails.logger.info "--- Loaded extensions for #{self.class}\n"
end
I do like that:
interface XYZ {
x: number;
y: number;
z: number;
}
const a:XYZ = {x:1, y:2, z:3};
const { x, y, ...last } = a;
const { z, ...firstTwo} = a;
console.log(firstTwo, last);
Just like any other click event, you can use jQuery to register an element, set an id to the element and listen to events like so:
$('#myButton').on('click', function(event) {
event.preventDefault(); // To prevent following the link (optional)
...
});
You can also use inline javascript in the onclick attribute:
<a ... onclick="myFunc();">..</a>
To add to the above answer (do steps 1-5).
Download https://github.com/douglascrockford/JSON-js/blob/master/json2.js, include it and do
var json_data = JSON.stringify(obj);
To increase the memory or CPU count when using Vagrant 2, add this to your Vagrantfile
Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
# usual vagrant config here
config.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |v|
v.memory = 1024
v.cpus = 2
end
end
According to others said, you cannot instantiate from abstract class. but it exist 2 way to use it. 1. make another non-abstact class that extends from abstract class. So you can instantiate from new class and use the attributes and methods in abstract class.
public class MyCustomClass extends YourAbstractClass {
/// attributes, methods ,...
}
First install Ubuntu's python-lxml package and its dependencies:
sudo apt-get install python-lxml
Then use pip to upgrade to the latest version of lxml for Python:
pip install lxml
At my company they didn't configure the server to provide a list of repositories, so svn list worked for a specific repository but not at a higher level to list all repositories.
However they installed FishEye which gives you a GUI listing the repositories https://www.atlassian.com/software/fisheye
It's a paid option, so it's not for everyone, but the functionality is nice.
Open file/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
Add or change client_max_body_size 0;
Put it in .gitignore. But from the gitignore(5) man page:
· If the pattern does not contain a slash /, git treats it as a shell glob pattern and checks for a match against the pathname relative to the location of the .gitignore file (relative to the toplevel of the work tree if not from a .gitignore file). · Otherwise, git treats the pattern as a shell glob suitable for consumption by fnmatch(3) with the FNM_PATHNAME flag: wildcards in the pattern will not match a / in the pathname. For example, "Documentation/*.html" matches "Documentation/git.html" but not "Documentation/ppc/ppc.html" or "tools/perf/Documentation/perf.html".
So, either specify the full path to the appropriate *.pyc entry, or put it in a .gitignore file in any of the directories leading from the repository root (inclusive).
For Python 3.x iteritems has been removed. Use items instead.
for field, possible_values in fields.items():
print(field, possible_values)
The accepted answer (its image) is wrong, at least now in QT5. Instead you should assign a layout to the root object/widget (pointing to the aforementioned image, it should be the MainWindow instead of centralWidget). Also note that you must have at least one QObject created beneath it for this to work. Do this and your ui will become responsive to window resizing.
Just in case anyone finds it useful, I also put together a synchronous version.
var walk = function(dir) {
var results = [];
var list = fs.readdirSync(dir);
list.forEach(function(file) {
file = dir + '/' + file;
var stat = fs.statSync(file);
if (stat && stat.isDirectory()) {
/* Recurse into a subdirectory */
results = results.concat(walk(file));
} else {
/* Is a file */
results.push(file);
}
});
return results;
}
Tip: To use less resources when filtering. Filter within this function itself. E.g. Replace results.push(file); with below code. Adjust as required:
file_type = file.split(".").pop();
file_name = file.split(/(\\|\/)/g).pop();
if (file_type == "json") results.push(file);
If you want to work with $?, you'll need to check it after each command, since $? is updated after each command exits. This means that if you execute a pipeline, you'll only get the exit code of the last process in the pipeline.
Another approach is to do this:
set -e
set -o pipefail
If you put this at the top of the shell script, it looks like Bash will take care of this for you. As a previous poster noted, "set -e" will cause Bash to exit with an error on any simple command. "set -o pipefail" will cause Bash to exit with an error on any command in a pipeline as well.
See here or here for a little more discussion on this problem. Here is the Bash manual section on the set builtin.
For anyone who's looking to do this in 2018, I've got a much better and simpler solution then all the old stuff posted here. You can make a nice looking drag & drop box with just vanilla HTML, JavaScript and CSS.
(Only works in Chrome so far)
Let's start with the HTML.
<div>
<input type="file" name="file" id="file" class="file">
<span id="value"></span>
</div>
Then we'll get to the styling.
.file {
width: 400px;
height: 50px;
background: #171717;
padding: 4px;
border: 1px dashed #333;
position: relative;
cursor: pointer;
}
.file::before {
content: '';
position: absolute;
background: #171717;
font-size: 20px;
top: 50%;
left: 50%;
transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
}
.file::after {
content: 'Drag & Drop';
position: absolute;
color: #808080;
font-size: 20px;
top: 50%;
left: 50%;
transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
}
After you've done this it already looks fine. But I imagine you'd like to see what file you actaully uploaded, so we're going to do some JavaScript. Remember that pfp-value span? That's where we'll print out the file name.
let file = document.getElementById('file');
file.addEventListener('change', function() {
if(file && file.value) {
let val = file.files[0].name;
document.getElementById('value').innerHTML = "Selected" + val;
}
});
And that's it.
Combining benzado and webmat's answers, updating with git rm, not failing on files found that aren't in repo, and making it paste-able generically for any user:
# remove any existing files from the repo, skipping over ones not in repo
find . -name .DS_Store -print0 | xargs -0 git rm --ignore-unmatch
# specify a global exclusion list
git config --global core.excludesfile ~/.gitignore
# adding .DS_Store to that list
echo .DS_Store >> ~/.gitignore
Example: index = False
import pandas as pd
writer = pd.ExcelWriter("dataframe.xlsx", engine='xlsxwriter')
dataframe.to_excel(writer,sheet_name = dataframe, index=False)
writer.save()
Unless you have GNU awk 4.1.0 or later...
You won't have such an option as sed's -i option so instead do:
$ awk '{print $0}' file > tmp && mv tmp file
Note: the -i is not magic, it is also creating a temporary file sed just handles it for you.
As of GNU awk 4.1.0...
GNU awk added this functionality in version 4.1.0 (released 10/05/2013). It is not as straight forwards as just giving the -i option as described in the released notes:
The new -i option (from xgawk) is used for loading awk library files. This differs from -f in that the first non-option argument is treated as a script.
You need to use the bundled inplace.awk include file to invoke the extension properly like so:
$ cat file
123 abc
456 def
789 hij
$ gawk -i inplace '{print $1}' file
$ cat file
123
456
789
The variable INPLACE_SUFFIX can be used to specify the extension for a backup file:
$ gawk -i inplace -v INPLACE_SUFFIX=.bak '{print $1}' file
$ cat file
123
456
789
$ cat file.bak
123 abc
456 def
789 hij
I am happy this feature has been added but to me, the implementation isn't very awkish as the power comes from the conciseness of the language and -i inplace is 8 characters too long i.m.o.
Here is a link to the manual for the official word.
While Andriy's proposal will work well for INSERTs of a small number of records, full table scans will be done on the final join as both 'enumerated' and '@new_super' are not indexed, resulting in poor performance for large inserts.
This can be resolved by specifying a primary key on the @new_super table, as follows:
DECLARE @new_super TABLE (
row_num INT IDENTITY(1,1) PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED,
super_id int
);
This will result in the SQL optimizer scanning through the 'enumerated' table but doing an indexed join on @new_super to get the new key.
I have been using this ExtensionMethod for a while:
public static IEnumerable<T> GetRandom<T>(this IEnumerable<T> list, int count)
{
if (count <= 0)
yield break;
var r = new Random();
int limit = (count * 10);
foreach (var item in list.OrderBy(x => r.Next(0, limit)).Take(count))
yield return item;
}
I've created a couple of map tutorials that will cover what you need
Animating the map describes howto create polylines based on a set of LatLngs. Using Google APIs on your map : Directions and Places describes howto use the Directions API and animate a marker along the path.
Take a look at these 2 tutorials and the Github project containing the sample app.
It contains some tips to make your code cleaner and more efficient:
This error may occur when WCF client tries to send its message using MTOM extension (MIME type application/soap+xml is used to transfer SOAP XML in MTOM), but service is just able to understand normal SOAP messages (it doesn't contain MIME parts, only text/xml type in HTTP request).
Be sure you generated your client code against correct WSDL.
In order to use MTOM on server side, change your configuration file adding messageEncoding attribute:
<binding name="basicHttp" allowCookies="true"
maxReceivedMessageSize="20000000"
maxBufferSize="20000000"
maxBufferPoolSize="20000000"
messageEncoding="Mtom" >
You can try
$string = "this is the test for string." ;
$string = str_replace(' ', '_', $string);
$string = substr($string,0,10);
var_dump($string);
Output
this_is_th
Old question, but I came across it when I had a similar issue and thought I'd share what I ended up doing.
The view that gained focus was different each time so I used the very generic:
View current = getCurrentFocus();
if (current != null) current.clearFocus();
Here is the arguments parser. You can mix any string arguments (kept untouched) or escaped options (single or option/value pairs). To test it uncomment last 2 statements and run as:
getargs anystr1 anystr2 /test$1 /test$2=123 /test$3 str anystr3
Escape char is defined as "_SEP_=/", redefine if needed.
@echo off
REM Command line argument parser. Format (both "=" and "space" separators are supported):
REM anystring1 anystring2 /param1 /param2=value2 /param3 value3 [...] anystring3 anystring4
REM Returns enviroment variables as:
REM param1=1
REM param2=value2
REM param3=value3
REM Leading and traling strings are preserved as %1, %2, %3 ... %9 parameters
REM but maximum total number of strings is 9 and max number of leading strings is 8
REM Number of parameters is not limited!
set _CNT_=1
set _SEP_=/
:PARSE
if %_CNT_%==1 set _PARAM1_=%1 & set _PARAM2_=%2
if %_CNT_%==2 set _PARAM1_=%2 & set _PARAM2_=%3
if %_CNT_%==3 set _PARAM1_=%3 & set _PARAM2_=%4
if %_CNT_%==4 set _PARAM1_=%4 & set _PARAM2_=%5
if %_CNT_%==5 set _PARAM1_=%5 & set _PARAM2_=%6
if %_CNT_%==6 set _PARAM1_=%6 & set _PARAM2_=%7
if %_CNT_%==7 set _PARAM1_=%7 & set _PARAM2_=%8
if %_CNT_%==8 set _PARAM1_=%8 & set _PARAM2_=%9
if "%_PARAM2_%"=="" set _PARAM2_=1
if "%_PARAM1_:~0,1%"=="%_SEP_%" (
if "%_PARAM2_:~0,1%"=="%_SEP_%" (
set %_PARAM1_:~1,-1%=1
shift /%_CNT_%
) else (
set %_PARAM1_:~1,-1%=%_PARAM2_%
shift /%_CNT_%
shift /%_CNT_%
)
) else (
set /a _CNT_+=1
)
if /i %_CNT_% LSS 9 goto :PARSE
set _PARAM1_=
set _PARAM2_=
set _CNT_=
rem getargs anystr1 anystr2 /test$1 /test$2=123 /test$3 str anystr3
rem set | find "test$"
rem echo %1 %2 %3 %4 %5 %6 %7 %8 %9
:EXIT
I just changed the toolbar theme to be @style/ThemeOverlay.AppCompat.Light
and the arrow became dark gray
<android.support.v7.widget.Toolbar
android:id="@+id/toolbar"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="?attr/actionBarSize"
android:gravity="center"
app:layout_collapseMode="pin"
app:theme="@style/ThemeOverlay.AppCompat.Light">
Solution using React functional components.
import React, { useState, useRef, useEffect } from 'react'
const Modal = ({ title, show, onButtonClick }) => {
const dialog = useRef({})
useEffect(() => { $(dialog.current).modal(show ? 'show' : 'hide') }, [show])
useEffect(() => { $(dialog.current).on('hide.bs.modal', () =>
onButtonClick('close')) }, [])
return (
<div className="modal fade" ref={dialog}
id="modalDialog" tabIndex="-1" role="dialog"
aria-labelledby="modalDialogLabel" aria-hidden="true"
>
<div className="modal-dialog" role="document">
<div className="modal-content">
<div className="modal-header">
<h5 className="modal-title" id="modalDialogLabel">{title}</h5>
<button type="button" className="close" aria-label="Close"
onClick={() => onButtonClick('close')}
>
<span aria-hidden="true">×</span>
</button>
</div>
<div className="modal-body">
...
</div>
<div className="modal-footer">
<button type="button" className="btn btn-secondary"
onClick={() => onButtonClick('close')}>Close</button>
<button type="button" className="btn btn-primary"
onClick={() => onButtonClick('save')}>Save</button>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
)
}
const App = () => {
const [ showDialog, setShowDialog ] = useState(false)
return (
<div className="container">
<Modal
title="Modal Title"
show={showDialog}
onButtonClick={button => {
if(button == 'close') setShowDialog(false)
if(button == 'save') console.log('save button clicked')
}}
/>
<button className="btn btn-primary" onClick={() => {
setShowDialog(true)
}}>Show Dialog</button>
</div>
)
}
Can I use it to import classes?
You can't do it like that besides the examples above. You can also use the keyword use inside classes to import traits, like this:
trait Stuff {
private $baz = 'baz';
public function bar() {
return $this->baz;
}
}
class Cls {
use Stuff; // import traits like this
}
$foo = new Cls;
echo $foo->bar(); // spits out 'baz'
If you have more then 1 dimension array
with open("file.txt", 'w') as output:
for row in values:
output.write(str(row) + '\n')
Code to write without '[' and ']'
with open("file.txt", 'w') as file:
for row in values:
s = " ".join(map(str, row))
file.write(s+'\n')
Just add Axios.defaults.withCredentials=true instead of ({credentials: true}) in client side,
and change app.use(cors()) to
app.use(cors(
{origin: ['your client side server'],
methods: ['GET', 'POST'],
credentials:true,
}
))
I'm not sure if this will still be useful to people, but with ES6 I have a way to do it that I find clean and useful.
class MyClass {
constructor ( arg1, arg2, arg3 )
myFunction1 () {...}
myFunction2 () {...}
myFunction3 () {...}
}
module.exports = ( arg1, arg2, arg3 ) => { return new MyClass( arg1,arg2,arg3 ) }
And then you get your expected behaviour.
var MyClass = require('/MyClass.js')( arg1, arg2, arg3 )
For me above solutions didn't work then I tried
map.setCenter(new google.maps.LatLng(lat, lng));
and it worked as expected.
FWIW be very careful with storing something like a userid in a cookie unencrypted. Doing this makes your site very prone to cookie poisoning where users can easily impersonate another user. If you are considering something like this I would highly recommend using the forms authentication cookie directly.
bool persist = true;
var cookie = FormsAuthentication.GetAuthCookie(loginUser.ContactId, persist);
cookie.Expires = DateTime.Now.AddMonths(3);
var ticket = FormsAuthentication.Decrypt(cookie.Value);
var userData = "store any string values you want inside the ticket
extra than user id that will be encrypted"
var newTicket = new FormsAuthenticationTicket(ticket.Version, ticket.Name,
ticket.IssueDate, ticket.Expiration, ticket.IsPersistent, userData);
cookie.Value = FormsAuthentication.Encrypt(newTicket);
Response.Cookies.Add(cookie);
Then you can read this at any time from an ASP.NET page by doing
string userId = null;
if (this.Context.User.Identity.IsAuthenticated)
{
userId = this.Context.User.Identity.Name;
}
Below is a very simple VB.NET program that will do what you want.
It will set the buffer to 100 chars wide by 1000 chars high. It then sets the width of the window to match the buffer size.
Module ConsoleBuffer
Sub Main()
Console.WindowWidth = 100
Console.BufferWidth = 100
Console.BufferHeight = 1000
End Sub
End Module
I modified the code to first set Console.WindowWidth and then set Console.BufferWidth because if you try to set Console.BufferWidth to a value less than the current Console.WindowWidth the program will throw an exception.
This is only a sample...you should add code to handle command line parameters and error handling.
This picture will remove everyone's confusion hopefully which is collected from there.
ALTER TABLE MyTable MODIFY Col3 varchar(20) NULL;
For retrieving the path you can use a function <?php $path = get_home_path(); ?>. I do not want to just repeat what had been already said here, but I want to add one more thing:
If you are using windows server, which is rare case for WordPress installation, but still happens sometimes, you might face a problem with the path output. It might miss a "\" somewhere and you will get an error if you will be using such a path. So when outputting make sure to sanitize the path:
<?php
$path = get_home_path();
$path = wp_normalize_path ($path);
// now $path is ready to be used :)
?>
This code illustrates what happytime harry and I are trying to say. When the mouse enters, a tooltip comes out, when the mouse leaves it sets a delay for it to disappear. If the mouse enters the same element before the delay is triggered, then we destroy the trigger before it goes off using the data we stored before.
$("someelement").mouseenter(function(){
clearTimeout($(this).data('timeoutId'));
$(this).find(".tooltip").fadeIn("slow");
}).mouseleave(function(){
var someElement = $(this),
timeoutId = setTimeout(function(){
someElement.find(".tooltip").fadeOut("slow");
}, 650);
//set the timeoutId, allowing us to clear this trigger if the mouse comes back over
someElement.data('timeoutId', timeoutId);
});
For anyone facing this issue and ending up on this post...the issue is still open - https://github.com/moby/moby/issues/11185
You can add any attributes using {[attr]="[prop]"}
For example [Google] (http://www.google.com){target="_blank"}
<span color="red">red</span>
#!/bin/bash
# convert ansi-colored terminal output to github markdown
# to colorize text on github, we use <span color="red">red</span> etc
# depends on: aha, xclip
# license: CC0-1.0
# note: some tools may need other arguments than `--color=always`
# sample use: colors-to-github.sh diff a.txt b.txt
cmd="$1"
shift
(
echo '<pre>'
$cmd --color=always "$@" 2>&1 | aha --no-header
echo '</pre>'
) \
| sed -E 's/<span style="[^"]*color:([^;"]+);"/<span color="\1"/g' \
| sed -E 's/ style="[^"]*"//g' \
| xclip -i -sel clipboard
trivial :)
For multibranch pipeline projects, do this in the script console:
def project = Jenkins.instance.getItemByFullName("YourMultibranchPipelineProjectName")
project.getAllJobs().each{ item ->
if(item.name == 'jobName'){ // master, develop, feature/......
item.updateNextBuildNumber(#Number);
item.saveNextBuildNumber();
println('new build: ' + item.getNextBuildNumber())
}
}
If you have done this to make sure the user can't close the window:
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.DO_NOTHING_ON_CLOSE);
Then you should change your pullThePlug() method to be
public void pullThePlug() {
// this will make sure WindowListener.windowClosing() et al. will be called.
WindowEvent wev = new WindowEvent(this, WindowEvent.WINDOW_CLOSING);
Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getSystemEventQueue().postEvent(wev);
// this will hide and dispose the frame, so that the application quits by
// itself if there is nothing else around.
setVisible(false);
dispose();
// if you have other similar frames around, you should dispose them, too.
// finally, call this to really exit.
// i/o libraries such as WiiRemoteJ need this.
// also, this is what swing does for JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE
System.exit(0);
}
I found this to be the only way that plays nice with the WindowListener and JFrame.DO_NOTHING_ON_CLOSE.
PHP's DateTime object is pretty flexible.
$UTC = new DateTimeZone("UTC");
$newTZ = new DateTimeZone("America/New_York");
$date = new DateTime( "2011-01-01 15:00:00", $UTC );
$date->setTimezone( $newTZ );
echo $date->format('Y-m-d H:i:s');
You may also use the querySelector() method, assuming the 'myspan' id is unique as the method returns the first element with the specified selector:
document.querySelector('#myspan').textContent = 'newtext';
You can install one of the free pugins - Code Iris.
Other tools of this type in the IntelliJ IDEA are paid.
I hope it will help you.
I also have the issue on windows when i am unable to find the anaconda-navigator in start menu. First you have to check anaconda-navigator.exe file in your anaconda folder if this file is present it means you have installed it properly otherwise there is some problem and you have to reinstall it.
Before reinstalling this points to be noticed 1) You have to uninstall all previous python folder 2) Check you environment variable and clear all previous python path
After this install anaconda your problem will be resolved if not tell me the full error i will try to solve it
Save:
public boolean saveFile(Context context, String mytext){
Log.i("TESTE", "SAVE");
try {
FileOutputStream fos = context.openFileOutput("file_name"+".txt",Context.MODE_PRIVATE);
Writer out = new OutputStreamWriter(fos);
out.write(mytext);
out.close();
return true;
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return false;
}
}
Load:
public String load(Context context){
Log.i("TESTE", "FILE");
try {
FileInputStream fis = context.openFileInput("file_name"+".txt");
BufferedReader r = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(fis));
String line= r.readLine();
r.close();
return line;
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
Log.i("TESTE", "FILE - false");
return null;
}
}
You can redefine/overwrite the default font-awesome sizes and also add you own sizes
.fa-1x{
font-size:0.8em;
}
.fa-2x{
font-size:1em;
}
.fa-3x{
font-size:1.2em;
}
.fa-4x{
font-size:1.4em;
}
.fa-5x{
font-size:1.6em;
}
.fa-mycustomx{
font-size:3.2em;
}
In JavaScript strings can be either string primitive type or string objects. The following code shows the distinction:
var a: string = 'test'; // string literal
var b: String = new String('another test'); // string wrapper object
console.log(typeof a); // string
console.log(typeof b); // object
Your error:
Type 'String' is not assignable to type 'string'. 'string' is a primitive, but 'String' is a wrapper object. Prefer using 'string' when possible.
Is thrown by the TS compiler because you tried to assign the type string to a string object type (created via new keyword). The compiler is telling you that you should use the type string only for strings primitive types and you can't use this type to describe string object types.
The form tag needs some attributes set:
action: The URL that the form data is sent to on submit. Generate it with url_for. It can be omitted if the same URL handles showing the form and processing the data.method="post": Submits the data as form data with the POST method. If not given, or explicitly set to get, the data is submitted in the query string (request.args) with the GET method instead.enctype="multipart/form-data": When the form contains file inputs, it must have this encoding set, otherwise the files will not be uploaded and Flask won't see them.The input tag needs a name parameter.
Add a view to handle the submitted data, which is in request.form under the same key as the input's name. Any file inputs will be in request.files.
@app.route('/handle_data', methods=['POST'])
def handle_data():
projectpath = request.form['projectFilepath']
# your code
# return a response
Set the form's action to that view's URL using url_for:
<form action="{{ url_for('handle_data') }}" method="post">
<input type="text" name="projectFilepath">
<input type="submit">
</form>
you could also do show columns in $table or see Hive, how do I retrieve all the database's tables columns for access to hive metadata
A new method has been added with Java 8 to do just that.
import static java.lang.Math.toIntExact;
long foo = 10L;
int bar = toIntExact(foo);
Will throw an ArithmeticException in case of overflow.
Several other overflow safe methods have been added to Java 8. They end with exact.
Examples:
Math.incrementExact(long)Math.subtractExact(long, long)Math.decrementExact(long)Math.negateExact(long),Math.subtractExact(int, int)Create Navigation drawer in your MainActivity using fragment.
Initialize the Navigation Drawer in MainActivity
now in all other activities you want to use same Navigation Drawer put DrawerLayout as base and fragment as navigation drawer. Just set android:name in your fragment pointing to your fragment Java file. You won't need to initialize the fragment in other Activities.
You can access Nav Drawer by swipe in other activities like in Google Play Store app
None of the solutions above worked for me.
If you use IntelliJ, what resolved it for me was simply refreshing all Gradle projects:
SELECT a.* FROM orders a INNER JOIN (SELECT course,MAX(id) as id FROM orders WHERE admission_id=".$id." GROUP BY course ) AS b ON a.course = b.course AND a.id = b.id
With the Above Query you will get unique records with where condition
PyAutoGui also lets you press a button multiple times:
pyautogui.press('tab', presses=5) # press TAB five times in a row
pyautogui.press('A', presses=1000) # press A a thousand times in a row
One liner error raising can be done with assert statements if that's what you want to do. This will help you write statically fixable code and check errors early.
assert type(A) is type(""), "requires a string"
A server with the specified hostname could not be found.
I faced the same problem, In my case it was because of-
Contacting to server hosting company resolve my problem.
I think this is not temporary error at apple or something to do with Xcode?
post_max_size should be slightly bigger than upload_max_filesize, because when uploading using HTTP POST method the text also includes headers with file size and name, etc.
If you want to successfully uppload 1GiB files, you have to set:
upload_max_filesize = 1024M
post_max_size = 1025M
Note, the correct suffix for GB is G, i.e. upload_max_filesize = 1G.
No need to set memory_limit.
Encapsulation: Wrapping code and data together into a single unit. Class is an example of encapsulation, because it wraps the method and property.
Abstraction: Hiding internal details and showing functionality only. Abstraction focus on what the object does instead of how it does. It provides generalized view of classes.
int number = 5;
string aStringNumber = number.ToString();
Here, ToString() is abstraction. And how this mechanism number variable converted to string and initialize into aStringNumber is encapsulation.
Let us take a real world example of calculator. Encapsulation is the internal circuits, battery, etc., that combine to make it a calculator. Abstraction is the different buttons like on-off, clear and other buttons provided to operate it.
Do you know if the renew button only appeared when the profile expired? I've a profile that will expire soon, but no "renew" button is shown at the moment.
Just read elsewhere that apparently this is the case.
Use following syntax to create new table from old table in SQL server 2008
Select * into new_table from old_table
I required having count(*) > 1 also. So, I wrote my own query after referring some the above queries
SYNTAX:
select sum(count) from (select count(`table_name`.`id`) as `count` from `table_name` where {some condition} group by {some_column} having count(`table_name`.`id`) > 1) as `tmp`;
Example:
select sum(count) from (select count(`table_name`.`id`) as `count` from `table_name` where `table_name`.`name` IS NOT NULL and `table_name`.`name` != '' group by `table_name`.`name` having count(`table_name`.`id`) > 1) as `tmp`;
Please note instead of
public TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory tomcatFactory()
I had to use the following method signature
public EmbeddedServletContainerFactory embeddedServletContainerFactory()
If you are using the JPA annotations to create the entities and then make sure that the table name is mapped along with @Table annotation instead of @Entity.
Incorrectly mapped :
@Entity(name="DB_TABLE_NAME")
public class DbTableName implements Serializable {
....
....
}
Correctly mapped entity :
@Entity
@Table(name="DB_TABLE_NAME")
public class DbTableName implements Serializable {
....
....
}
As Artem Bilan said, this problem occures because MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter supports response with application/json content-type only. If you can't change server code, but can change client code(I had such case), you can change content-type header with interceptor:
restTemplate.getInterceptors().add((request, body, execution) -> {
ClientHttpResponse response = execution.execute(request,body);
response.getHeaders().setContentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON);
return response;
});
Let's say you have these lines of code:
test line one
test line two
test line three
test line four
Using Search and Replace Ctrl+H with Regex let's find this: ^ and replace it with ", we'll have this:
"test line one
"test line two
"test line three
"test line four
Now let's search this: $ and replace it with ", now we'll have this:
"test line one"
"test line two"
"test line three"
"test line four"
Very simply, you can rename your Python script to "pythonscript.cgi". Post that in your cgi-bin directory, add the appropriate permissions and browse to it.
This is a great link you can start with.
Hope that helps.
EDIT (09/12/2015): The second link has long been removed. Replaced it with one that provides information referenced from the original.
You need to sort it before you call unique because unique only removes duplicates that are next to each other.
edit: 38 seconds...
Using moment.js is as easy as:
var years = moment().diff('1981-01-01', 'years');
var days = moment().diff('1981-01-01', 'days');
For additional reference, you can read moment.js official documentation.
The other answers that involve writing a custom Collector are probably more efficient (such as Louis Wasserman's, +1), but if you want brevity, I'd suggest the following:
List<User> result = users.stream()
.filter(user -> user.getId() == 1)
.limit(2)
.collect(Collectors.toList());
Then verify the size of the result list.
if (result.size() != 1) {
throw new IllegalStateException("Expected exactly one user but got " + result);
User user = result.get(0);
}
.NET Core has had a pair of methods to deal with this since version 2.0 :
Example:
"Test".Contains("test", System.StringComparison.CurrentCultureIgnoreCase);
In time, they will probably make their way into the .NET Standard and, from there, into all the other implementations of the Base Class Library.
SQL Server uses the Bit datatype
This code makes a window with the conditions that the user cannot change the dimensions of the Tk() window, and also disables the maximise button.
import tkinter as tk
root = tk.Tk()
root.resizable(width=False, height=False)
root.mainloop()
Within the program you can change the window dimensions with @Carpetsmoker's answer, or by doing this:
root.geometry('{}x{}'.format(<widthpixels>, <heightpixels>))
It should be fairly easy for you to implement that into your code. :)
In the "root" __init__.py you can also do a
import sys
sys.path.insert(1, '.')
which should make both modules importable.
MySqlCommand cmd = new MySqlCommand("select * from table where user = '" + user.Text + "'", con);
MySqlDataAdapter da = new MySqlDataAdapter(cmd);
DataSet ds1 = new DataSet();
da.Fill(ds1);
int i = ds1.Tables[0].Rows.Count;
if (i > 0) {
// Exist
}
else {
// Add
}
while(obj != null){
// statements.
}
The key system must have several properties:
One solution that should give you these would be to use a public key signing scheme. Start with a "system hash" (say grab the macs on any NICs, sorted, and the CPU-ID info, plus some other stuff, concatenate it all together and take an MD5 of the result (you really don't want to be handling personally identifiable information if you don't have to)) append the CD's serial number and refuse to boot unless some registry key (or some datafile) has a valid signature for the blob. The user activates the program by shipping the blob to you and you ship back the signature.
Potential issues include that you are offering to sign practically anything so you need to assume someone will run a chosen plain text and/or chosen ciphertext attacks. That can be mitigated by checking the serial number provided and refusing to handle request from invalid ones as well as refusing to handle more than a given number of queries from a given s/n in an interval (say 2 per year)
I should point out a few things: First, a skilled and determined attacker will be able to bypass any and all security in the parts that they have unrestricted access to (i.e. everything on the CD), the best you can do on that account is make it harder to get illegitimate access than it is to get legitimate access. Second, I'm no expert so there could be serious flaws in this proposed scheme.
See query:
SELECT * FROM Table1 WHERE
id NOT IN (SELECT
e.id
FROM
Table1 e
INNER JOIN
Table2 s ON e.id = s.id);
Conceptually would be: Fetching the matching records in subquery and then in main query fetching the records which are not in subquery.
The preceding 0 is used to indicate a number in base 2, 8, or 16.
In my opinion, 0x was chosen to indicate hex because 'x' sounds like hex.
Just my opinion, but I think it makes sense.
Good Day!
I found my actual problem and it was not mentioned in any answer: some of my unit-tests were causing logging initialization code to be run multiple times within the same test suite, messing up the logging on the later tests.
I'm using this for string values:
<%#(String.IsNullOrEmpty(Eval("Data").ToString()) ? "0" : Eval("Data"))%>
You can also use following for nullable values:
<%#(Eval("Data") == null ? "0" : Eval("Data"))%>
Also if you're using .net 4.5 and above I suggest you use strongly typed data binding:
<asp:Repeater runat="server" DataSourceID="odsUsers" ItemType="Entity.User">
<ItemTemplate>
<%# Item.Title %>
</ItemTemplate>
</asp:Repeater>
you will need to button initilzation inside method instead of trying to initlzing View's at class level do it as:
Button button; //<< declare here..
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
button= (Button) findViewById(R.id.standingsButton); //<< initialize here
// set OnClickListener for Button here
button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(View v) {
startActivity(new Intent(MainActivity.this,StandingsActivity.class));
}
});
}
class sampleClass
{
public function f1()
{
return "f1 run";
}
public function f2()
{
echo ("f2 run" );
$result = $this->f1();
echo ($result);
}
f2();
}
output :
f2 run f1 run
First create an array of objects,
var arr = {'name': []};
Next, push the value to the object.
var val = 2;
arr['name'].push(val);
To read from it:
var val = arr.name[0];
I have also seen this error when trying to use complex INDIRECT() formulas on the sheet that is being imported. I noticed this because this was the only difference between two workbooks where one was importing and the other wasn't. Both were 2007+ .XLSX files, and the 12.0 engine was installed.
I confirmed this was the issue by:
and the error disappeared.
As Dhruv Gairola answered, you can save the state of the application by using Bundle savedInstanceState. I am trying to give a very simple example that new learners like me can understand easily.
Suppose, you have a simple fragment with a TextView and a Button. Each time you clicked the button the text changes. Now, change the orientation of you device/emulator and notice that you lost the data (means the changed data after clicking you got) and fragment starts as the first time again. By using Bundle savedInstanceState we can get rid of this. If you take a look into the life cyle of the fragment.Fragment Lifecylce you will get that a method "onSaveInstanceState" is called when the fragment is about to destroyed.
So, we can save the state means the changed text value into that bundle like this
int counter = 0;
@Override
public void onSaveInstanceState(Bundle outState) {
super.onSaveInstanceState(outState);
outState.putInt("value",counter);
}
After you make the orientation the "onCreate" method will be called right? so we can just do this
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
if(savedInstanceState == null){
//it is the first time the fragment is being called
counter = 0;
}else{
//not the first time so we will check SavedInstanceState bundle
counter = savedInstanceState.getInt("value",0); //here zero is the default value
}
}
Now, you won't lose your value after the orientation. The modified value always will be displayed.
I got a trick working as follows: [have not tested cross-browser!]
Define iframe's onload event handler defined as
$('#myIframe').on('load', function() {_x000D_
setTimeout(function() {_x000D_
try {_x000D_
console.log($('#myIframe')[0].contentWindow.document);_x000D_
} catch (e) {_x000D_
console.log(e);_x000D_
if (e.message.indexOf('Blocked a frame with origin') > -1 || e.message.indexOf('from accessing a cross-origin frame.') > -1) {_x000D_
alert('Same origin Iframe error found!!!');_x000D_
//Do fallback handling if you want here_x000D_
}_x000D_
}_x000D_
}, 1000);_x000D_
_x000D_
});Disclaimer: It works only for SAME ORIGIN IFRAME documents.
I would highly recommend you use a very simple templating language such as Freemarker
You should have to use DateTime.TryParseExact.
var newDate = DateTime.ParseExact("20111120",
"yyyyMMdd",
CultureInfo.InvariantCulture);
OR
string str = "20111021";
string[] format = {"yyyyMMdd"};
DateTime date;
if (DateTime.TryParseExact(str,
format,
System.Globalization.CultureInfo.InvariantCulture,
System.Globalization.DateTimeStyles.None,
out date))
{
//valid
}
For me, adding
multiDexEnabled true
and
packagingOptions {
exclude 'META-INF/NOTICE'
exclude 'META-INF/LICENSE'
exclude 'META-INF/notice'
exclude 'META-INF/notice.txt'
exclude 'META-INF/license'
exclude 'META-INF/license.txt'
}
into the app level Build.gradle file solved the issue
If you want to just run a quick code snippet you can use the -r option:
php -r "echo 'hi';"
-r allows to run code without using script tags <?..?>
I just want to correct a point here. ELF file is produced by the Linker, not the compiler.
The Compiler mission ends after producing the object files (*.o) out of the source code files. Linker links all .o files together and produces the ELF.
Rewrite the accepted answer with Swift. Hashset in Swift is Set. I think if index is required as return value then try to use Dictionary instead.
Passed with 100% score.
public func solution(_ A: [Int]) -> Int {
let n = A.count
var aSet = Set<Int>()
for a in A {
if a > 0 {
aSet.insert(a)
}
}
for i in 1...n+1 {
if !aSet.contains(i) {
return i
}
}
return 1
}
This might be completely off base, but can't you just copy the whole column into a new spreadsheet and then sort the column? I'm assuming that you don't need to maintain the order integrity.
For the few who may have (due to SEO complications) ended here trying to calculate the angle between two lines in python, as in (x0, y0), (x1, y1) geometrical lines, there is the below minimal solution (uses the shapely module, but can be easily modified not to):
from shapely.geometry import LineString
import numpy as np
ninety_degrees_rad = 90.0 * np.pi / 180.0
def angle_between(line1, line2):
coords_1 = line1.coords
coords_2 = line2.coords
line1_vertical = (coords_1[1][0] - coords_1[0][0]) == 0.0
line2_vertical = (coords_2[1][0] - coords_2[0][0]) == 0.0
# Vertical lines have undefined slope, but we know their angle in rads is = 90° * p/180
if line1_vertical and line2_vertical:
# Perpendicular vertical lines
return 0.0
if line1_vertical or line2_vertical:
# 90° - angle of non-vertical line
non_vertical_line = line2 if line1_vertical else line1
return abs((90.0 * np.pi / 180.0) - np.arctan(slope(non_vertical_line)))
m1 = slope(line1)
m2 = slope(line2)
return np.arctan((m1 - m2)/(1 + m1*m2))
def slope(line):
# Assignments made purely for readability. One could opt to just one-line return them
x0 = line.coords[0][0]
y0 = line.coords[0][1]
x1 = line.coords[1][0]
y1 = line.coords[1][1]
return (y1 - y0) / (x1 - x0)
And the use would be
>>> line1 = LineString([(0, 0), (0, 1)]) # vertical
>>> line2 = LineString([(0, 0), (1, 0)]) # horizontal
>>> angle_between(line1, line2)
1.5707963267948966
>>> np.degrees(angle_between(line1, line2))
90.0
/**
* Does something interesting
*
* @param Place $where Where something interesting takes place
* @param integer $repeat How many times something interesting should happen
*
* @throws Some_Exception_Class If something interesting cannot happen
* @author Monkey Coder <[email protected]>
* @return Status
*/
/**
* Short description for class
*
* Long description for class (if any)...
*
* @copyright 2006 Zend Technologies
* @license http://www.zend.com/license/3_0.txt PHP License 3.0
* @version Release: @package_version@
* @link http://dev.zend.com/package/PackageName
* @since Class available since Release 1.2.0
*/
<?php
/**
* Short description for file
*
* Long description for file (if any)...
*
* PHP version 5.6
*
* LICENSE: This source file is subject to version 3.01 of the PHP license
* that is available through the world-wide-web at the following URI:
* http://www.php.net/license/3_01.txt. If you did not receive a copy of
* the PHP License and are unable to obtain it through the web, please
* send a note to [email protected] so we can mail you a copy immediately.
*
* @category CategoryName
* @package PackageName
* @author Original Author <[email protected]>
* @author Another Author <[email protected]>
* @copyright 1997-2005 The PHP Group
* @license http://www.php.net/license/3_01.txt PHP License 3.01
* @version SVN: $Id$
* @link http://pear.php.net/package/PackageName
* @see NetOther, Net_Sample::Net_Sample()
* @since File available since Release 1.2.0
* @deprecated File deprecated in Release 2.0.0
*/
/**
* This is a "Docblock Comment," also known as a "docblock." The class'
* docblock, below, contains a complete description of how to write these.
*/
require_once 'PEAR.php';
// {{{ constants
/**
* Methods return this if they succeed
*/
define('NET_SAMPLE_OK', 1);
// }}}
// {{{ GLOBALS
/**
* The number of objects created
* @global int $GLOBALS['_NET_SAMPLE_Count']
*/
$GLOBALS['_NET_SAMPLE_Count'] = 0;
// }}}
// {{{ Net_Sample
/**
* An example of how to write code to PEAR's standards
*
* Docblock comments start with "/**" at the top. Notice how the "/"
* lines up with the normal indenting and the asterisks on subsequent rows
* are in line with the first asterisk. The last line of comment text
* should be immediately followed on the next line by the closing asterisk
* and slash and then the item you are commenting on should be on the next
* line below that. Don't add extra lines. Please put a blank line
* between paragraphs as well as between the end of the description and
* the start of the @tags. Wrap comments before 80 columns in order to
* ease readability for a wide variety of users.
*
* Docblocks can only be used for programming constructs which allow them
* (classes, properties, methods, defines, includes, globals). See the
* phpDocumentor documentation for more information.
* http://phpdoc.org/tutorial_phpDocumentor.howto.pkg.html
*
* The Javadoc Style Guide is an excellent resource for figuring out
* how to say what needs to be said in docblock comments. Much of what is
* written here is a summary of what is found there, though there are some
* cases where what's said here overrides what is said there.
* http://java.sun.com/j2se/javadoc/writingdoccomments/index.html#styleguide
*
* The first line of any docblock is the summary. Make them one short
* sentence, without a period at the end. Summaries for classes, properties
* and constants should omit the subject and simply state the object,
* because they are describing things rather than actions or behaviors.
*
* Below are the tags commonly used for classes. @category through @version
* are required. The remainder should only be used when necessary.
* Please use them in the order they appear here. phpDocumentor has
* several other tags available, feel free to use them.
*
* @category CategoryName
* @package PackageName
* @author Original Author <[email protected]>
* @author Another Author <[email protected]>
* @copyright 1997-2005 The PHP Group
* @license http://www.php.net/license/3_01.txt PHP License 3.01
* @version Release: @package_version@
* @link http://pear.php.net/package/PackageName
* @see NetOther, Net_Sample::Net_Sample()
* @since Class available since Release 1.2.0
* @deprecated Class deprecated in Release 2.0.0
*/
class Net_Sample
{
// {{{ properties
/**
* The status of foo's universe
* Potential values are 'good', 'fair', 'poor' and 'unknown'.
* @var string $foo
*/
public $foo = 'unknown';
/**
* The status of life
* Note that names of private properties or methods must be
* preceeded by an underscore.
* @var bool $_good
*/
private $_good = true;
// }}}
// {{{ setFoo()
/**
* Registers the status of foo's universe
*
* Summaries for methods should use 3rd person declarative rather
* than 2nd person imperative, beginning with a verb phrase.
*
* Summaries should add description beyond the method's name. The
* best method names are "self-documenting", meaning they tell you
* basically what the method does. If the summary merely repeats
* the method name in sentence form, it is not providing more
* information.
*
* Summary Examples:
* + Sets the label (preferred)
* + Set the label (avoid)
* + This method sets the label (avoid)
*
* Below are the tags commonly used for methods. A @param tag is
* required for each parameter the method has. The @return
* and @access tags are mandatory. The @throws tag is required if
* the method uses exceptions. @static is required if the method can
* be called statically. The remainder should only be used when
* necessary. Please use them in the order they appear here.
* phpDocumentor has several other tags available, feel free to use
* them.
*
* The @param tag contains the data type, then the parameter's
* name, followed by a description. By convention, the first noun in
* the description is the data type of the parameter. Articles like
* "a", "an", and "the" can precede the noun. The descriptions
* should start with a phrase. If further description is necessary,
* follow with sentences. Having two spaces between the name and the
* description aids readability.
*
* When writing a phrase, do not capitalize and do not end with a
* period:
* + the string to be tested
*
* When writing a phrase followed by a sentence, do not capitalize the
* phrase, but end it with a period to distinguish it from the start
* of the next sentence:
* + the string to be tested. Must use UTF-8 encoding.
*
* Return tags should contain the data type then a description of
* the data returned. The data type can be any of PHP's data types
* (int, float, bool, string, array, object, resource, mixed)
* and should contain the type primarily returned. For example, if
* a method returns an object when things work correctly but false
* when an error happens, say 'object' rather than 'mixed.' Use
* 'void' if nothing is returned.
*
* Here's an example of how to format examples:
* <code>
* require_once 'Net/Sample.php';
*
* $s = new Net_Sample();
* if (PEAR::isError($s)) {
* echo $s->getMessage() . "\n";
* }
* </code>
*
* Here is an example for non-php example or sample:
* <samp>
* pear install net_sample
* </samp>
*
* @param string $arg1 the string to quote
* @param int $arg2 an integer of how many problems happened.
* Indent to the description's starting point
* for long ones.
*
* @return int the integer of the set mode used. FALSE if foo
* foo could not be set.
* @throws exceptionclass [description]
*
* @access public
* @static
* @see Net_Sample::$foo, Net_Other::someMethod()
* @since Method available since Release 1.2.0
* @deprecated Method deprecated in Release 2.0.0
*/
function setFoo($arg1, $arg2 = 0)
{
/*
* This is a "Block Comment." The format is the same as
* Docblock Comments except there is only one asterisk at the
* top. phpDocumentor doesn't parse these.
*/
if ($arg1 == 'good' || $arg1 == 'fair') {
$this->foo = $arg1;
return 1;
} elseif ($arg1 == 'poor' && $arg2 > 1) {
$this->foo = 'poor';
return 2;
} else {
return false;
}
}
// }}}
}
// }}}
/*
* Local variables:
* tab-width: 4
* c-basic-offset: 4
* c-hanging-comment-ender-p: nil
* End:
*/
?>
Source: PEAR Docblock Comment standards
Put the following code before int main():
using namespace std;
And you will be able to use cout.
For example:
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
int main(){
char t = 'f';
char *t1;
char **t2;
cout<<t;
return 0;
}
Now take a moment and read up on what cout is and what is going on here: http://www.cplusplus.com/reference/iostream/cout/
Further, while its quick to do and it works, this is not exactly a good advice to simply add using namespace std; at the top of your code. For detailed correct approach, please read the answers to this related SO question.