That's not exactly what I had in mind. What do you do if you have a generic type to only be known at runtime?
public MyDTO toObject() {
try {
var methodInfo = MethodBase.GetCurrentMethod();
if (methodInfo.DeclaringType != null) {
var fullName = methodInfo.DeclaringType.FullName + "." + this.dtoName;
Type type = Type.GetType(fullName);
if (type != null) {
var obj = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject(payload);
//var obj = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<type.MemberType.GetType()>(payload); // <--- type ?????
...
}
}
// Example for java.. Convert this to C#
return JSONUtil.fromJSON(payload, Class.forName(dtoName, false, getClass().getClassLoader()));
} catch (Exception ex) {
throw new ReflectInsightException(MethodBase.GetCurrentMethod().Name, ex);
}
}
POCOs(Plain old CLR objects) are simply entities of your Domain. Normally when we use entity framework the entities are generated automatically for you. This is great but unfortunately these entities are interspersed with database access functionality which is clearly against the SOC (Separation of concern). POCOs are simple entities without any data access functionality but still gives the capabilities all EntityObject functionalities like
Here is a good start for this
You can also generate POCOs so easily from your existing Entity framework project using Code generators.
It's probably redundant for me to contribute since I already stated my position in my blog article, but the final paragraph of that article kind of sums things up:
So, in conclusion, learn to love the POCO, and make sure you don’t spread any misinformation about it being the same thing as a DTO. DTOs are simple data containers used for moving data between the layers of an application. POCOs are full fledged business objects with the one requirement that they are Persistence Ignorant (no get or save methods). Lastly, if you haven’t checked out Jimmy Nilsson’s book yet, pick it up from your local university stacks. It has examples in C# and it’s a great read.
BTW, Patrick I read the POCO as a Lifestyle article, and I completely agree, that is a fantastic article. It's actually a section from the Jimmy Nilsson book that I recommended. I had no idea that it was available online. His book really is the best source of information I've found on POCO / DTO / Repository / and other DDD development practices.
Database first approach example:
Without writing any code: ASP.NET MVC / MVC3 Database First Approach / Database first
And I think it is better than other approaches because data loss is less with this approach.
In WPF MVVM terms, a POCO class is one that does not Fire PropertyChanged events
To my knowledge, you cannot disable the browser window.
What you can do is create a jQuery (or a similar kind of ) popup and when this popup appears your parent browser will be disabled.
Open your child page in popup.
In IIS 7 (not IIS 7.5), sites access files and folders based on the account set on the application pool for the site. By default, in IIS7, this account is NETWORK SERVICE
.
Specify an Identity for an Application Pool (IIS 7)
In IIS 7.5 (Windows 2008 R2 and Windows 7), the application pools run under the ApplicationPoolIdentity which is created when the application pool starts. If you want to set ACLS for this account, you need to choose IIS AppPool\ApplicationPoolName
instead of NT Authority\Network Service
.
Try this:
tar -czf my.tar.gz dir/
But are you sure you are not compressing some .exe file or something? Maybe the problem is not with te compression, but with the files you are compressing?
Given
std::vector<Rule>& topPriorityRules;
The correct way to remove the first element of the referenced vector is
topPriorityRules.erase(topPriorityRules.begin());
which is exactly what you suggested.
Looks like i need to do iterator overloading.
There is no need to overload an iterator in order to erase first element of std::vector
.
P.S. Vector (dynamic array) is probably a wrong choice of data structure if you intend to erase from the front.
Disclaimer : I am not aware if the answer will be helpful for many people,just sharing because it might .
I was getting this error while using Parasoft SOATest to send request XML(SOAP) .
The issue was that I had selected the wrong alias from the dropdown after adding the certificate and authenticating it.
If all you want to do is calculate the sum of 1,2,3... n then you could use :
int sum = (n * (n + 1)) / 2;
The problem is that your regex is a string, but html
is bytes:
>>> type(html)
<class 'bytes'>
Since python doesn't know how those bytes are encoded, it throws an exception when you try to use a string regex on them.
You can either decode
the bytes to a string:
html = html.decode('ISO-8859-1') # encoding may vary!
title = re.findall(pattern, html) # no more error
Or use a bytes regex:
regex = rb'<title>(,+?)</title>'
# ^
In this particular context, you can get the encoding from the response headers:
with urllib.request.urlopen(url) as response:
encoding = response.info().get_param('charset', 'utf8')
html = response.read().decode(encoding)
See the urlopen
documentation for more details.
Since you have not replied to my comment above, I am posting a solution for both.
You are missing '
in Extended Properties
For Excel 2003 try this (TRIED AND TESTED)
private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
String name = "Items";
String constr = "Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source=" +
"C:\\Sample.xls" +
";Extended Properties='Excel 8.0;HDR=YES;';";
OleDbConnection con = new OleDbConnection(constr);
OleDbCommand oconn = new OleDbCommand("Select * From [" + name + "$]", con);
con.Open();
OleDbDataAdapter sda = new OleDbDataAdapter(oconn);
DataTable data = new DataTable();
sda.Fill(data);
grid_items.DataSource = data;
}
BTW, I stopped working with Jet longtime ago. I use ACE now.
private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
String name = "Items";
String constr = "Provider=Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0;Data Source=" +
"C:\\Sample.xls" +
";Extended Properties='Excel 8.0;HDR=YES;';";
OleDbConnection con = new OleDbConnection(constr);
OleDbCommand oconn = new OleDbCommand("Select * From [" + name + "$]", con);
con.Open();
OleDbDataAdapter sda = new OleDbDataAdapter(oconn);
DataTable data = new DataTable();
sda.Fill(data);
grid_items.DataSource = data;
}
For Excel 2007+
private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
String name = "Items";
String constr = "Provider=Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0;Data Source=" +
"C:\\Sample.xlsx" +
";Extended Properties='Excel 12.0 XML;HDR=YES;';";
OleDbConnection con = new OleDbConnection(constr);
OleDbCommand oconn = new OleDbCommand("Select * From [" + name + "$]", con);
con.Open();
OleDbDataAdapter sda = new OleDbDataAdapter(oconn);
DataTable data = new DataTable();
sda.Fill(data);
grid_items.DataSource = data;
}
See this answer: Source
If timezone is not specified in postgresql.conf or as a server command-line option, the server attempts to use the value of the TZ environment variable as the default time zone. If TZ is not defined or is not any of the time zone names known to PostgreSQL, the server attempts to determine the operating system's default time zone by checking the behavior of the C library function localtime(). The default time zone is selected as the closest match among PostgreSQL's known time zones. (These rules are also used to choose the default value of log_timezone, if not specified.) source
This means that if you do not define a timezone, the server attempts to determine the operating system's default time zone by checking the behavior of the C library function localtime().
If timezone is not specified in postgresql.conf or as a server command-line option, the server attempts to use the value of the TZ environment variable as the default time zone.
It seems to have the System's timezone to be set is possible indeed.
Get the OS local time zone from the shell. In psql:
=> \! date +%Z
:goto 21490
will take you to the 21490th byte in the buffer.
In my case, I try every suggestion above still not working. I just copy the file's content which show the error without the import stuff and paste it to another file with same imports and comment the error file out. Run the project again it worked, then I delete the original error file and create a file with same name and make it's content back again with the same imports. I think in my case I just figure a way to let it be able to link those imports once and it should be fine.
DataSet resembles database. DataTable resembles database table, and DataRow resembles a record in a table. If you want to add filtering or sorting options, you then do so with a DataView object, and convert it back to a separate DataTable object.
If you're using database to store your data, then you first load a database table to a DataSet object in memory. You can load multiple database tables to one DataSet, and select specific table to read from the DataSet through DataTable object. Subsequently, you read a specific row of data from your DataTable through DataRow. Following codes demonstrate the steps:
SqlCeDataAdapter da = new SqlCeDataAdapter();
DataSet ds = new DataSet();
DataTable dt = new DataTable();
da.SelectCommand = new SqlCommand(@"SELECT * FROM FooTable", connString);
da.Fill(ds, "FooTable");
dt = ds.Tables["FooTable"];
foreach (DataRow dr in dt.Rows)
{
MessageBox.Show(dr["Column1"].ToString());
}
To read a specific cell in a row:
int rowNum // row number
string columnName = "DepartureTime"; // database table column name
dt.Rows[rowNum][columnName].ToString();
You may be an administrator on the workstation, but that means nothing to SQL Server. Your login has to be a member of the sysadmin role in order to perform the actions in question. By default, the local administrators group is no longer added to the sysadmin role in SQL 2008 R2. You'll need to login with something else (sa for example) in order to grant yourself the permissions.
A base R option is the split()
-lapply()
-do.call()
idiom:
> do.call(rbind, lapply(split(test, test$id), head, 1))
id string
1 1 A
2 2 B
3 3 C
4 4 D
5 5 E
A more direct option is to lapply()
the [
function:
> do.call(rbind, lapply(split(test, test$id), `[`, 1, ))
id string
1 1 A
2 2 B
3 3 C
4 4 D
5 5 E
The comma-space 1, )
at the end of the lapply()
call is essential as this is equivalent of calling [1, ]
to select first row and all columns.
First, I strongly recommend that you rename your variable list
to something else. list
is the name of the built-in list constructor, and you're hiding its normal function. I will rename list
to a
in the following.
Python names are references that are bound to objects. That means that unless you create more than one list, whenever you use a
it's referring to the same actual list object as last time. So when you call
listoflists.append((a, a[0]))
you can later change a
and it changes what the first element of that tuple points to. This does not happen with a[0]
because the object (which is an integer) pointed to by a[0]
doesn't change (although a[0]
points to different objects over the run of your code).
You can create a copy of the whole list a
using the list
constructor:
listoflists.append((list(a), a[0]))
Or, you can use the slice notation to make a copy:
listoflists.append((a[:], a[0]))
The trouble looks like the image isn't square and the browser adjusts as such. After rotation ensure the dimensions are retained by changing the image margin.
.imagetest img {
transform: rotate(270deg);
...
margin: 10px 0px;
}
The amount will depend on the difference in height x width of the image.
You may also need to add display:inline-block;
or display:block
to get it to recognize the margin parameter.
In many cases an element must be positioned for z-index
to work.
Indeed, applying position: relative
to the elements in the question would likely solve the problem (but there's not enough code provided to know for sure).
Actually, position: fixed
, position: absolute
and position: sticky
will also enable z-index
, but those values also change the layout. With position: relative
the layout isn't disturbed.
Essentially, as long as the element isn't position: static
(the default setting) it is considered positioned and z-index
will work.
Many answers to "Why isn't z-index working?" questions assert that z-index
only works on positioned elements. As of CSS3, this is no longer true.
Elements that are flex items or grid items can use z-index
even when position
is static
.
From the specs:
Flex items paint exactly the same as inline blocks, except that order-modified document order is used in place of raw document order, and
z-index
values other thanauto
create a stacking context even ifposition
isstatic
.5.4. Z-axis Ordering: the
z-index
propertyThe painting order of grid items is exactly the same as inline blocks, except that order-modified document order is used in place of raw document order, and
z-index
values other thanauto
create a stacking context even ifposition
isstatic
.
Here's a demonstration of z-index
working on non-positioned flex items: https://jsfiddle.net/m0wddwxs/
Even though you have already got many difference between let and var but one main difference is:
let is compiled fast in comparison to var.
Recently, I have seen this problem too. Below, you have my solution:
Or it can be a genuine network issue. Restart your network-manager using sudo service network-manager restart
or fix it up
I have just received this error after switching from HTTPS to SSH (for my origin remote). To fix, I simply ran the following command (for each repo):
ssh -T [email protected]
Upon receiving a successful response, I could fetch/push to the repo with ssh.
I took that command from Git's Testing your SSH connection guide, which is part of the greater Connecting to GitHub with with SSH guide.
one thing need to mention on @LachlanB 's answer.
protected void Application_PostAuthorizeRequest()
{
if (IsWebApiRequest())
{
HttpContext.Current.SetSessionStateBehavior(SessionStateBehavior.Required);
}
}
If you omit the line if (IsWebApiRequest())
The whole site will have page loading slowness issue if your site is mixed with web form pages.
Actually, it is possible to provide the service (or guard, since that also needs to be provided) when creating the service.
The command is the following...
ng g s services/backendApi --module=app.module
Edit
It is possible to provide to a feature module, as well, you must give it the path to the module you would like.
ng g s services/backendApi --module=services/services.module
For readers with an angular.json
(not angular-cli.json
) the key correct key is outputPath. I guess the angular configuration changed to angular.json
in Angular 6, so if you are using version 6 or above you most likely have a angular.json
file.
To change the output path you have to change outputPath und the build options.
example angular.json
{
"$schema": "./node_modules/@angular/cli/lib/config/schema.json",
"version": 1,
"projects": {
"angular-app": {
"projectType": "application",
[...]
"architect": {
"build": {
"builder": "@angular-devkit/build-angular:browser",
"options": {
"outputPath": "dist/angular-app",
"index": "src/index.html",
"main": "src/main.ts",
[...]
I could not find any official docs on this (not included in https://angular.io/guide/workspace-config as I would have expected), maybe someone can link an official resource on this.
For ssh style urls just add ssh before the url:
yarn add ssh://<whatever>@<xxx>#<branch,tag,commit>
No - there's a big prejudice in IT against web design; but in this case the "real" programmers are on pretty firm ground.
If you've done a lot of web design work you've probably done some JavaScript, so you can put that down under 'programming languages'; if you want to list HTML as well, then I agree with the answer that suggests "Technologies".
But unless you're targeting agents who're trying to tick boxes rather than find you a good job, a bare list of things you've used doesn't really look all that good. You're better off listing the projects you've worked on and detailing the technologies you used on each; that demonstrates that you've got real experience of using them rather than just that you know some buzzwords.
Chrome developer tools has this functionality. I found this article very helpful and does exactly what you want: https://developers.google.com/chrome-developer-tools/docs/heap-profiling
This link tells you how.
The magic is the getResourceAsStream() method :
InputStream is =
this.getClass().getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("yourpackage/mypackage/myfile.xml")
I went back to jquery-2.2.4.min.js and it works.
A Python 2+3 compatible solution is:
import sys
if sys.version_info[0] == 3:
from urllib.request import urlopen
else:
# Not Python 3 - today, it is most likely to be Python 2
# But note that this might need an update when Python 4
# might be around one day
from urllib import urlopen
# Your code where you can use urlopen
with urlopen("http://www.python.org") as url:
s = url.read()
print(s)
In HTML5 the slash is no longer necessary:
<br>
, <hr>
If you are wanting to dynamically grab the hash from URL, this should work: https://stackoverflow.com/a/57368072/2062851
<script>
var hash = window.location.hash, //get the hash from url
cleanhash = hash.replace("#", ""); //remove the #
//alert(cleanhash);
</script>
<?php
$hash = "<script>document.writeln(cleanhash);</script>";
echo $hash;
?>
//Declare the jquery param on top after import
declare var $: any;
declare var jQuery: any;
clearForm() {
$('#contactForm')[0].reset();
}
This solved my problem
var url = "http://localhost/tech1/index.php?route=app/upload/ajax";
$.ajax({
xhr: function() {
var xhr = new window.XMLHttpRequest();
xhr.upload.addEventListener("progress", function(evt) {
if (evt.lengthComputable) {
var percentComplete = evt.loaded / evt.total;
percentComplete = parseInt(percentComplete * 100);
var $link = $('.'+ids);
var $img = $link.find('i');
$link.html('Uploading..('+percentComplete+'%)');
$link.append($img);
}
}, false);
return xhr;
},
url: url,
type: "POST",
data: JSON.stringify(uploaddata),
contentType: "application/json",
dataType: "json",
success: function(result) {
console.log(result);
}
});
ResourceManager and .resx are bit messy.
You could use Lexical.Localization¹ which allows embedding default value and culture specific values into the code, and be expanded in external localization files for futher cultures (like .json or .resx).
public class MyClass
{
/// <summary>
/// Localization root for this class.
/// </summary>
static ILine localization = LineRoot.Global.Type<MyClass>();
/// <summary>
/// Localization key "Ok" with a default string, and couple of inlined strings for two cultures.
/// </summary>
static ILine ok = localization.Key("Success")
.Text("Success")
.fi("Onnistui")
.sv("Det funkar");
/// <summary>
/// Localization key "Error" with a default string, and couple of inlined ones for two cultures.
/// </summary>
static ILine error = localization.Key("Error")
.Format("Error (Code=0x{0:X8})")
.fi("Virhe (Koodi=0x{0:X8})")
.sv("Sönder (Kod=0x{0:X8})");
public void DoOk()
{
Console.WriteLine( ok );
}
public void DoError()
{
Console.WriteLine( error.Value(0x100) );
}
}
¹ (I'm maintainer of that library)
Do not use sys.exit
like this. When called with a string argument, the exit code of your process will be 1, signaling an error condition. The string is printed to standard error to indicate what the error might be. sys.exit
is not to be used to provide a "return value" for your script.
Instead, you should simply print the "return value" to standard output using a print
statement, then call sys.exit(0)
, and capture the output in the shell.
Based on Collectors
documentation it's as simple as:
Map<String, Choice> result =
choices.stream().collect(Collectors.toMap(Choice::getName,
Function.identity()));
I'll be using this Live Event from NASA TV as an example:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=21X5lGlDOfg
First, list the formats for the video:
$ ~ youtube-dl --list-formats https://www.youtube.com/watch\?v\=21X5lGlDOfg
[youtube] 21X5lGlDOfg: Downloading webpage
[youtube] 21X5lGlDOfg: Downloading m3u8 information
[youtube] 21X5lGlDOfg: Downloading MPD manifest
[info] Available formats for 21X5lGlDOfg:
format code extension resolution note
91 mp4 256x144 HLS 197k , avc1.42c00b, 30.0fps, mp4a.40.5@ 48k
92 mp4 426x240 HLS 338k , avc1.4d4015, 30.0fps, mp4a.40.5@ 48k
93 mp4 640x360 HLS 829k , avc1.4d401e, 30.0fps, mp4a.40.2@128k
94 mp4 854x480 HLS 1380k , avc1.4d401f, 30.0fps, mp4a.40.2@128k
300 mp4 1280x720 3806k , avc1.4d4020, 60.0fps, mp4a.40.2 (best)
Pick the format you wish to download, and fetch the HLS m3u8 URL of the video from the manifest. I'll be using 94 mp4 854x480 HLS 1380k , avc1.4d401f, 30.0fps, mp4a.40.2@128k
for this example:
? ~ youtube-dl -f 94 -g https://www.youtube.com/watch\?v\=21X5lGlDOfg
https://manifest.googlevideo.com/api/manifest/hls_playlist/expire/1592099895/ei/1y_lXuLOEsnXyQWYs4GABw/ip/81.190.155.248/id/21X5lGlDOfg.3/itag/94/source/yt_live_broadcast/requiressl/yes/ratebypass/yes/live/1/goi/160/sgoap/gir%3Dyes%3Bitag%3D140/sgovp/gir%3Dyes%3Bitag%3D135/hls_chunk_host/r5---sn-h0auphxqp5-f5fs.googlevideo.com/playlist_duration/30/manifest_duration/30/vprv/1/playlist_type/DVR/initcwndbps/8270/mh/N8/mm/44/mn/sn-h0auphxqp5-f5fs/ms/lva/mv/m/mvi/4/pl/16/dover/11/keepalive/yes/beids/9466586/mt/1592078245/disable_polymer/true/sparams/expire,ei,ip,id,itag,source,requiressl,ratebypass,live,goi,sgoap,sgovp,playlist_duration,manifest_duration,vprv,playlist_type/sig/AOq0QJ8wRgIhAM2dGSece2shUTgS73Qa3KseLqnf85ca_9u7Laz7IDfSAiEAj8KHw_9xXVS_PV3ODLlwDD-xfN6rSOcLVNBpxKgkRLI%3D/lsparams/hls_chunk_host,initcwndbps,mh,mm,mn,ms,mv,mvi,pl/lsig/AG3C_xAwRQIhAJCO6kSwn7PivqMW7sZaiYFvrultXl6Qmu9wppjCvImzAiA7vkub9JaanJPGjmB4qhLVpHJOb9fZyhMEeh1EUCd-3Q%3D%3D/playlist/index.m3u8
Note that link could be different and it contains expiration timestamp, in this case 1592099895 (about 6 hours).
Now that you have the HLS playlist, you can open this URL in VLC and save it using "Record", or write a small ffmpeg command:
ffmpeg -i \
https://manifest.googlevideo.com/api/manifest/hls_playlist/expire/1592099895/ei/1y_lXuLOEsnXyQWYs4GABw/ip/81.190.155.248/id/21X5lGlDOfg.3/itag/94/source/yt_live_broadcast/requiressl/yes/ratebypass/yes/live/1/goi/160/sgoap/gir%3Dyes%3Bitag%3D140/sgovp/gir%3Dyes%3Bitag%3D135/hls_chunk_host/r5---sn-h0auphxqp5-f5fs.googlevideo.com/playlist_duration/30/manifest_duration/30/vprv/1/playlist_type/DVR/initcwndbps/8270/mh/N8/mm/44/mn/sn-h0auphxqp5-f5fs/ms/lva/mv/m/mvi/4/pl/16/dover/11/keepalive/yes/beids/9466586/mt/1592078245/disable_polymer/true/sparams/expire,ei,ip,id,itag,source,requiressl,ratebypass,live,goi,sgoap,sgovp,playlist_duration,manifest_duration,vprv,playlist_type/sig/AOq0QJ8wRgIhAM2dGSece2shUTgS73Qa3KseLqnf85ca_9u7Laz7IDfSAiEAj8KHw_9xXVS_PV3ODLlwDD-xfN6rSOcLVNBpxKgkRLI%3D/lsparams/hls_chunk_host,initcwndbps,mh,mm,mn,ms,mv,mvi,pl/lsig/AG3C_xAwRQIhAJCO6kSwn7PivqMW7sZaiYFvrultXl6Qmu9wppjCvImzAiA7vkub9JaanJPGjmB4qhLVpHJOb9fZyhMEeh1EUCd-3Q%3D%3D/playlist/index.m3u8 \
-c copy output.ts
I found php-cgi on my server. And its on environment path so I was able to run from anywhere. I executed succesfuly file.php
in my bash script.
#!/bin/bash
php-cgi ../path/file.php
And the script returned this after php script was executed:
X-Powered-By: PHP/7.1.1 Content-type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
done!
By the way, check first if it works by checking the version issuing the command php-cgi -v
Maybe a bit late, but I found this answer looking over the internet. It could help others with the same problem.
$sudo mysql -u root
[mysql] use mysql;
[mysql] update user set plugin='' where User='root';
[mysql] flush privileges;
[mysql] \q
Now you should be able to log in as root in phpmyadmin.
(Found here.)
The jquery.numeric plugin works well for me too.
The only thing I dislike has to do with intuitiveness. Keypresses get 'disallowed' without any feedback to the user, who might get paranoid or wonder whether his keyboard is broken.
I added a second callback to the plugin to make simple feedback on blocked input possible:
$('#someInput').numeric(
null, // default config
null, // no validation onblur callback
function(){
// for every blocked keypress:
$(this).effect("pulsate", { times:2 }, 100);
}
);
Just an example (using jQuery UI), of course. Any simple visual feedback would help.
Promise returned from $http
can not be binded directly (I dont exactly know why).
I'm using wrapping service that works perfectly for me:
.factory('DocumentsList', function($http, $q){
var d = $q.defer();
$http.get('/DocumentsList').success(function(data){
d.resolve(data);
});
return d.promise;
});
and bind to it in controller:
function Ctrl($scope, DocumentsList) {
$scope.Documents = DocumentsList;
...
}
UPDATE!:
In Angular 1.2 auto-unwrap promises was removed. See http://docs.angularjs.org/guide/migration#templates-no-longer-automatically-unwrap-promises
You can use window.open for this
window.open("page url",null,
"height=200,width=400,status=yes,toolbar=no,menubar=no,location=no");
have a look at this link.. window.open
I too faced this issue in Hibernate 5:
@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.SEQUENCE, generator = SEQUENCE)
@SequenceGenerator(name = SEQUENCE, sequenceName = SEQUENCE)
private Long titId;
Got a warning like this below:
Found use of deprecated [org.hibernate.id.SequenceHiLoGenerator] sequence-based id generator; use org.hibernate.id.enhanced.SequenceStyleGenerator instead. See Hibernate Domain Model Mapping Guide for details.
Then changed my code to SequenceStyleGenerator:
@Id
@GenericGenerator(name="cmrSeq", strategy = "org.hibernate.id.enhanced.SequenceStyleGenerator",
parameters = {
@Parameter(name = "sequence_name", value = "SEQUENCE")}
)
@GeneratedValue(generator = "sequence_name")
private Long titId;
This solved my two issues:
try this
String t1 = name.getText().toString();
Integer t2 = Integer.parseInt(mynum.getText().toString());
boolean ins = myDB.adddata(t1,t2);
public boolean adddata(String name, Integer price)
<input type="number" @bind="Quantity" class="txt2" />
Use the type="number"
I had this error when i deleted several components while the server was on(after running the ng serve command). Although i deleted the references from the routes component and module, it didnt solve the problem. Then i followed these steps:
To input AN ENTIRE LINE containing lot of spaces you can use getline(cin,string_variable);
eg:
string input;
getline(cin, input);
This format captures all the spaces in the sentence untill return
is pressed
You are missing a semicolon at the end of your 'struct' definition.
Also,
*sotrudnik
needs to be
sotrudnik*
Class names should be nouns in UpperCamelCase, with the first letter of every word capitalised. Use whole words — avoid acronyms and abbreviations (unless the abbreviation is much more widely used than the long form, such as URL or HTML). The naming conventions can be read over here:
http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/codeconventions-135099.html
If you are willing to pay I strongly recommend you Telerik Components for WPF. They offer great styles/themes and there have specific themes for both, Office 2013 and Windows 8 (EDIT: and also a Visual Studio 2013 themed style). However there offering much more than just styles in fact you will get a whole bunch of controls which are really useful.
Here is how it looks in action (Screenshots taken from telerik samples):
Here are the links to the telerik executive dashboard sample (first screenshot) and here for the CRM Dashboard (second screenshot).
They offer a 30 day trial, just give it a shot!
You could use PIL to create (and display) an image:
from PIL import Image
import numpy as np
w, h = 512, 512
data = np.zeros((h, w, 3), dtype=np.uint8)
data[0:256, 0:256] = [255, 0, 0] # red patch in upper left
img = Image.fromarray(data, 'RGB')
img.save('my.png')
img.show()
Easiest solution that I might have found is to create a table from the data you get from the SP. Then create a view from that:
Insert this at the last step when selecting data from the SP. SELECT * into table1 FROM #Temp
create view vw_view1 as select * from table1
const users = [{
name: 'John',
email: '[email protected]',
age: 25,
address: 'USA'
},
{
name: 'Tom',
email: '[email protected]',
age: 35,
address: 'England'
},
{
name: 'Mark',
email: '[email protected]',
age: 28,
address: 'England'
}
];
const filteredUsers = users.filter(({ name, age }) => name === 'Tom' && age === 35)
console.log(filteredUsers)
Example for String Methods
Given a list of filenames, we want to rename all the files with extension hpp to the extension h. To do this, we would like to generate a new list called newfilenames, consisting of the new filenames. Fill in the blanks in the code using any of the methods you’ve learned thus far, like a for loop or a list comprehension.
filenames = ["program.c", "stdio.hpp", "sample.hpp", "a.out", "math.hpp", "hpp.out"]
# Generate newfilenames as a list containing the new filenames
# using as many lines of code as your chosen method requires.
newfilenames = []
for i in filenames:
if i.endswith(".hpp"):
x = i.replace("hpp", "h")
newfilenames.append(x)
else:
newfilenames.append(i)
print(newfilenames)
# Should be ["program.c", "stdio.h", "sample.h", "a.out", "math.h", "hpp.out"]
For preserving empty lines from getting squashed use:
String lines[] = String.split("\\r?\\n", -1);
My original article was intended for old way of page handling, basically everything before jQuery Mobile 1.4. Old way of handling is now deprecated and it will stay active until (including) jQuery Mobile 1.5, so you can still use everything mentioned below, at least until next year and jQuery Mobile 1.6.
Old events, including pageinit don't exist any more, they are replaced with pagecontainer widget. Pageinit is erased completely and you can use pagecreate instead, that event stayed the same and its not going to be changed.
If you are interested in new way of page event handling take a look here, in any other case feel free to continue with this article. You should read this answer even if you are using jQuery Mobile 1.4 +, it goes beyond page events so you will probably find a lot of useful information.
This article can also be found as a part of my blog HERE.
$(document).on('pageinit')
vs $(document).ready()
The first thing you learn in jQuery is to call code inside the $(document).ready()
function so everything will execute as soon as the DOM is loaded. However, in jQuery Mobile, Ajax is used to load the contents of each page into the DOM as you navigate. Because of this $(document).ready()
will trigger before your first page is loaded and every code intended for page manipulation will be executed after a page refresh. This can be a very subtle bug. On some systems it may appear that it works fine, but on others it may cause erratic, difficult to repeat weirdness to occur.
Classic jQuery syntax:
$(document).ready(function() {
});
To solve this problem (and trust me this is a problem) jQuery Mobile developers created page events. In a nutshell page events are events triggered in a particular point of page execution. One of those page events is a pageinit event and we can use it like this:
$(document).on('pageinit', function() {
});
We can go even further and use a page id instead of document selector. Let's say we have jQuery Mobile page with an id index:
<div data-role="page" id="index">
<div data-theme="a" data-role="header">
<h3>
First Page
</h3>
<a href="#second" class="ui-btn-right">Next</a>
</div>
<div data-role="content">
<a href="#" data-role="button" id="test-button">Test button</a>
</div>
<div data-theme="a" data-role="footer" data-position="fixed">
</div>
</div>
To execute code that will only available to the index page we could use this syntax:
$('#index').on('pageinit', function() {
});
Pageinit event will be executed every time page is about be be loaded and shown for the first time. It will not trigger again unless page is manually refreshed or Ajax page loading is turned off. In case you want code to execute every time you visit a page it is better to use pagebeforeshow event.
Here's a working example: http://jsfiddle.net/Gajotres/Q3Usv/ to demonstrate this problem.
Few more notes on this question. No matter if you are using 1 html multiple pages or multiple HTML files paradigm it is advised to separate all of your custom JavaScript page handling into a single separate JavaScript file. This will note make your code any better but you will have much better code overview, especially while creating a jQuery Mobile application.
There's also another special jQuery Mobile event and it is called mobileinit. When jQuery Mobile starts, it triggers a mobileinit event on the document object. To override default settings, bind them to mobileinit. One of a good examples of mobileinit usage is turning off Ajax page loading, or changing default Ajax loader behavior.
$(document).on("mobileinit", function(){
//apply overrides here
});
First all events can be found here: http://api.jquerymobile.com/category/events/
Lets say we have a page A and a page B, this is a unload/load order:
page B - event pagebeforecreate
page B - event pagecreate
page B - event pageinit
page A - event pagebeforehide
page A - event pageremove
page A - event pagehide
page B - event pagebeforeshow
page B - event pageshow
For better page events understanding read this:
pagebeforeload
, pageload
and pageloadfailed
are fired when an external page is loadedpagebeforechange
, pagechange
and pagechangefailed
are page change events. These events are fired when a user is navigating between pages in the applications.pagebeforeshow
, pagebeforehide
, pageshow
and pagehide
are page transition events. These events are fired before, during and after a transition and are named.pagebeforecreate
, pagecreate
and pageinit
are for page initialization.pageremove
can be fired and then handled when a page is removed from the DOMPage loading jsFiddle example: http://jsfiddle.net/Gajotres/QGnft/
If AJAX is not enabled, some events may not fire.
If for some reason page transition needs to be prevented on some condition it can be done with this code:
$(document).on('pagebeforechange', function(e, data){
var to = data.toPage,
from = data.options.fromPage;
if (typeof to === 'string') {
var u = $.mobile.path.parseUrl(to);
to = u.hash || '#' + u.pathname.substring(1);
if (from) from = '#' + from.attr('id');
if (from === '#index' && to === '#second') {
alert('Can not transition from #index to #second!');
e.preventDefault();
e.stopPropagation();
// remove active status on a button, if transition was triggered with a button
$.mobile.activePage.find('.ui-btn-active').removeClass('ui-btn-active ui-focus ui-btn');;
}
}
});
This example will work in any case because it will trigger at a begging of every page transition and what is most important it will prevent page change before page transition can occur.
Here's a working example:
jQuery Mobile
works in a different way than classic web applications. Depending on how you managed to bind your events each time you visit some page it will bind events over and over. This is not an error, it is simply how jQuery Mobile
handles its pages. For example, take a look at this code snippet:
$(document).on('pagebeforeshow','#index' ,function(e,data){
$(document).on('click', '#test-button',function(e) {
alert('Button click');
});
});
Working jsFiddle example: http://jsfiddle.net/Gajotres/CCfL4/
Each time you visit page #index click event will is going to be bound to button #test-button. Test it by moving from page 1 to page 2 and back several times. There are few ways to prevent this problem:
Best solution would be to use pageinit
to bind events. If you take a look at an official documentation you will find out that pageinit
will trigger ONLY once, just like document ready, so there's no way events will be bound again. This is best solution because you don't have processing overhead like when removing events with off method.
Working jsFiddle example: http://jsfiddle.net/Gajotres/AAFH8/
This working solution is made on a basis of a previous problematic example.
Remove event before you bind it:
$(document).on('pagebeforeshow', '#index', function(){
$(document).off('click', '#test-button').on('click', '#test-button',function(e) {
alert('Button click');
});
});
Working jsFiddle example: http://jsfiddle.net/Gajotres/K8YmG/
Use a jQuery Filter selector, like this:
$('#carousel div:Event(!click)').each(function(){
//If click is not bind to #carousel div do something
});
Because event filter is not a part of official jQuery framework it can be found here: http://www.codenothing.com/archives/2009/event-filter/
In a nutshell, if speed is your main concern then Solution 2 is much better than Solution 1.
A new one, probably an easiest of them all.
$(document).on('pagebeforeshow', '#index', function(){
$(document).on('click', '#test-button',function(e) {
if(e.handled !== true) // This will prevent event triggering more than once
{
alert('Clicked');
e.handled = true;
}
});
});
Working jsFiddle example: http://jsfiddle.net/Gajotres/Yerv9/
Tnx to the sholsinger for this solution: http://sholsinger.com/archive/2011/08/prevent-jquery-live-handlers-from-firing-multiple-times/
pageChange event quirks - triggering twice
Sometimes pagechange event can trigger twice and it does not have anything to do with the problem mentioned before.
The reason the pagebeforechange event occurs twice is due to the recursive call in changePage when toPage is not a jQuery enhanced DOM object. This recursion is dangerous, as the developer is allowed to change the toPage within the event. If the developer consistently sets toPage to a string, within the pagebeforechange event handler, regardless of whether or not it was an object an infinite recursive loop will result. The pageload event passes the new page as the page property of the data object (This should be added to the documentation, it's not listed currently). The pageload event could therefore be used to access the loaded page.
In few words this is happening because you are sending additional parameters through pageChange.
Example:
<a data-role="button" data-icon="arrow-r" data-iconpos="right" href="#care-plan-view?id=9e273f31-2672-47fd-9baa-6c35f093a800&name=Sat"><h3>Sat</h3></a>
To fix this problem use any page event listed in Page events transition order.
As mentioned, when you change from one jQuery Mobile page to another, typically either through clicking on a link to another jQuery Mobile page that already exists in the DOM, or by manually calling $.mobile.changePage, several events and subsequent actions occur. At a high level the following actions occur:
This is a average page transition benchmark:
Page load and processing: 3 ms
Page enhance: 45 ms
Transition: 604 ms
Total time: 670 ms
*These values are in milliseconds.
So as you can see a transition event is eating almost 90% of execution time.
It is possible to send a parameter/s from one page to another during page transition. It can be done in few ways.
Reference: https://stackoverflow.com/a/13932240/1848600
Solution 1:
You can pass values with changePage:
$.mobile.changePage('page2.html', { dataUrl : "page2.html?paremeter=123", data : { 'paremeter' : '123' }, reloadPage : true, changeHash : true });
And read them like this:
$(document).on('pagebeforeshow', "#index", function (event, data) {
var parameters = $(this).data("url").split("?")[1];;
parameter = parameters.replace("parameter=","");
alert(parameter);
});
index.html
<!DOCTYPE html>_x000D_
<html>_x000D_
<head>_x000D_
<meta charset="utf-8" />_x000D_
<meta name="viewport" content="widdiv=device-widdiv, initial-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0, user-scalable=no" />_x000D_
<meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes" />_x000D_
<meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-status-bar-style" content="black" />_x000D_
<title>_x000D_
</title>_x000D_
<link rel="stylesheet" href="http://code.jquery.com/mobile/1.2.0/jquery.mobile-1.2.0.min.css" />_x000D_
<script src="http://www.dragan-gaic.info/js/jquery-1.8.2.min.js">_x000D_
</script>_x000D_
<script src="http://code.jquery.com/mobile/1.2.0/jquery.mobile-1.2.0.min.js"></script>_x000D_
<script>_x000D_
$(document).on('pagebeforeshow', "#index",function () {_x000D_
$(document).on('click', "#changePage",function () {_x000D_
$.mobile.changePage('second.html', { dataUrl : "second.html?paremeter=123", data : { 'paremeter' : '123' }, reloadPage : false, changeHash : true });_x000D_
});_x000D_
});_x000D_
_x000D_
$(document).on('pagebeforeshow', "#second",function () {_x000D_
var parameters = $(this).data("url").split("?")[1];;_x000D_
parameter = parameters.replace("parameter=","");_x000D_
alert(parameter);_x000D_
});_x000D_
</script>_x000D_
</head>_x000D_
<body>_x000D_
<!-- Home -->_x000D_
<div data-role="page" id="index">_x000D_
<div data-role="header">_x000D_
<h3>_x000D_
First Page_x000D_
</h3>_x000D_
</div>_x000D_
<div data-role="content">_x000D_
<a data-role="button" id="changePage">Test</a>_x000D_
</div> <!--content-->_x000D_
</div><!--page-->_x000D_
_x000D_
</body>_x000D_
</html>
_x000D_
second.html
<!DOCTYPE html>_x000D_
<html>_x000D_
<head>_x000D_
<meta charset="utf-8" />_x000D_
<meta name="viewport" content="widdiv=device-widdiv, initial-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0, user-scalable=no" />_x000D_
<meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes" />_x000D_
<meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-status-bar-style" content="black" />_x000D_
<title>_x000D_
</title>_x000D_
<link rel="stylesheet" href="http://code.jquery.com/mobile/1.2.0/jquery.mobile-1.2.0.min.css" />_x000D_
<script src="http://www.dragan-gaic.info/js/jquery-1.8.2.min.js">_x000D_
</script>_x000D_
<script src="http://code.jquery.com/mobile/1.2.0/jquery.mobile-1.2.0.min.js"></script>_x000D_
</head>_x000D_
<body>_x000D_
<!-- Home -->_x000D_
<div data-role="page" id="second">_x000D_
<div data-role="header">_x000D_
<h3>_x000D_
Second Page_x000D_
</h3>_x000D_
</div>_x000D_
<div data-role="content">_x000D_
_x000D_
</div> <!--content-->_x000D_
</div><!--page-->_x000D_
_x000D_
</body>_x000D_
</html>
_x000D_
Solution 2:
Or you can create a persistent JavaScript object for a storage purpose. As long Ajax is used for page loading (and page is not reloaded in any way) that object will stay active.
var storeObject = {
firstname : '',
lastname : ''
}
Example: http://jsfiddle.net/Gajotres/9KKbx/
Solution 3:
You can also access data from the previous page like this:
$(document).on('pagebeforeshow', '#index',function (e, data) {
alert(data.prevPage.attr('id'));
});
prevPage object holds a complete previous page.
Solution 4:
As a last solution we have a nifty HTML implementation of localStorage. It only works with HTML5 browsers (including Android and iOS browsers) but all stored data is persistent through page refresh.
if(typeof(Storage)!=="undefined") {
localStorage.firstname="Dragan";
localStorage.lastname="Gaic";
}
Example: http://jsfiddle.net/Gajotres/J9NTr/
Probably best solution but it will fail in some versions of iOS 5.X. It is a well know error.
.live()
/ .bind()
/ .delegate()
I forgot to mention (and tnx andleer for reminding me) use on/off for event binding/unbinding, live/die and bind/unbind are deprecated.
The .live() method of jQuery was seen as a godsend when it was introduced to the API in version 1.3. In a typical jQuery app there can be a lot of DOM manipulation and it can become very tedious to hook and unhook as elements come and go. The .live()
method made it possible to hook an event for the life of the app based on its selector. Great right? Wrong, the .live()
method is extremely slow. The .live()
method actually hooks its events to the document object, which means that the event must bubble up from the element that generated the event until it reaches the document. This can be amazingly time consuming.
It is now deprecated. The folks on the jQuery team no longer recommend its use and neither do I. Even though it can be tedious to hook and unhook events, your code will be much faster without the .live()
method than with it.
Instead of .live()
you should use .on()
. .on()
is about 2-3x faster than .live(). Take a look at this event binding benchmark: http://jsperf.com/jquery-live-vs-delegate-vs-on/34, everything will be clear from there.
There's an excellent script made for jQuery Mobile page events benchmarking. It can be found here: https://github.com/jquery/jquery-mobile/blob/master/tools/page-change-time.js. But before you do anything with it I advise you to remove its alert
notification system (each “change page” is going to show you this data by halting the app) and change it to console.log
function.
Basically this script will log all your page events and if you read this article carefully (page events descriptions) you will know how much time jQm spent of page enhancements, page transitions ....
Always, and I mean always read official jQuery Mobile documentation. It will usually provide you with needed information, and unlike some other documentation this one is rather good, with enough explanations and code examples.
Using MAMP I changed the host=localhost
to host=127.0.0.1
. But a new issue came "connection refused"
Solved this by putting 'port' => '8889'
, in 'Datasources' => [
In the designer, set the form's Visible property to false. Then avoid calling Show() until you need it.
A better paradigm is to not create an instance of the form until you need it.
From personal experience, the System.Diagnostics.Stopwatch
class can be used to measure the execution time of a method, however, BEWARE: It is not entirely accurate!
Consider the following example:
Stopwatch sw;
for(int index = 0; index < 10; index++)
{
sw = Stopwatch.StartNew();
DoSomething();
Console.WriteLine(sw.ElapsedMilliseconds);
}
sw.Stop();
Example results
132ms
4ms
3ms
3ms
2ms
3ms
34ms
2ms
1ms
1ms
Now you're wondering; "well why did it take 132ms the first time, and significantly less the rest of the time?"
The answer is that Stopwatch
does not compensate for "background noise" activity in .NET, such as JITing. Therefore the first time you run your method, .NET JIT's it first. The time it takes to do this is added to the time of the execution. Equally, other factors will also cause the execution time to vary.
What you should really be looking for absolute accuracy is Performance Profiling!
Take a look at the following:
RedGate ANTS Performance Profiler is a commercial product, but produces very accurate results. - Boost the performance of your applications with .NET profiling
Here is a StackOverflow article on profiling: - What Are Some Good .NET Profilers?
I have also written an article on Performance Profiling using Stopwatch that you may want to look at - Performance profiling in .NET
Try filter: blur(0);
It worked for me
Elegant solution
List<Integer> list = Arrays.asList(1,2,3,4);
list.stream()
.boxed() // Converts Intstream to Stream<Integer>
.sorted(Collections.reverseOrder()) // Method on Stream<Integer>
.forEach(System.out::println);
This line is your problem:
litersOfPetrol = Float.parseFloat(df.format(litersOfPetrol));
There you formatted your float to string as you wanted, but but then that string got transformed again to a float, and then what you printed in stdout was your float that got a standard formatting. Take a look at this code
import java.text.DecimalFormat;
String stringLitersOfPetrol = "123.00";
System.out.println("string liters of petrol putting in preferences is "+stringLitersOfPetrol);
Float litersOfPetrol=Float.parseFloat(stringLitersOfPetrol);
DecimalFormat df = new DecimalFormat("0.00");
df.setMaximumFractionDigits(2);
stringLitersOfPetrol = df.format(litersOfPetrol);
System.out.println("liters of petrol before putting in editor : "+stringLitersOfPetrol);
And by the way, when you want to use decimals, forget the existence of double and float as others suggested and just use BigDecimal object, it will save you a lot of headache.
Windows 10 Home Edition does not have Local Users and Groups option so that is the reason you aren't able to see that in Computer Management.
You can use User Accounts by pressing Window
+R
, typing netplwiz
and pressing OK as described here.
You should define the __unicode__
method on your model, and the template will call it automatically when you reference the instance.
echo
"<div display='none'>
<script type='text/javascript'>
console.log('console log message');
</script>
</div>";
Creates a
<div>
with the
display="none"
so that the div is not displayed, but the
console.log()
function is created in javascript. So you get the message in the console.
Sometimes I have this error when videostream from imutils package doesn't recognize frame or give an empty frame. In that case, solution will be figuring out why you have such a bad frame or use a standard VideoCapture(0) method from opencv2
if ((variable == Math.floor(variable)) && !Double.isInfinite(variable)) {
// integer type
}
This checks if the rounded-down value of the double is the same as the double.
Your variable could have an int or double value and Math.floor(variable)
always has an int value, so if your variable is equal to Math.floor(variable)
then it must have an int value.
This also doesn't work if the value of the variable is infinite or negative infinite hence adding 'as long as the variable isn't inifinite' to the condition.
As for your last question, here's the problem illustrated with a simple example:
Let's say that your list contains 5 elements: list = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
and your list of items to remove (i.e. the indices) is indices_to_remove = [0, 2, 4]
. In the first iteration of the loop you remove the item at index 0, so your list becomes list = [2, 3, 4, 5]
. In the second iteration, you remove the item at index 2, so your list becomes list = [2, 3, 5]
(as you can see, this removes the wrong element). Finally, in the third iteration, you try to remove the element at index 4, but the list only contains three elements, so you get an out of bounds exception.
Now that you see what the problem is, hopefully you will be able to come up with a solution. Good luck!
This is how I cleared my recyclerview and added new items to it with animation:
mList.clear();
mAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
mSwipeRefreshLayout.setRefreshing(false);
//reset adapter with empty array list (it did the trick animation)
mAdapter = new MyAdapter(context, mList);
recyclerView.setAdapter(mAdapter);
mList.addAll(newList);
mAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
If you need to call different functions for different ng-repeats on the same controller you can try something like this:
The directive:
var module = angular.module('testApp', [])
.directive('onFinishRender', function ($timeout) {
return {
restrict: 'A',
link: function (scope, element, attr) {
if (scope.$last === true) {
$timeout(function () {
scope.$emit(attr.broadcasteventname ? attr.broadcasteventname : 'ngRepeatFinished');
});
}
}
}
});
In your controller, catch events with $on:
$scope.$on('ngRepeatBroadcast1', function(ngRepeatFinishedEvent) {
// Do something
});
$scope.$on('ngRepeatBroadcast2', function(ngRepeatFinishedEvent) {
// Do something
});
In your template with multiple ng-repeat
<div ng-repeat="item in collection1" on-finish-render broadcasteventname="ngRepeatBroadcast1">
<div>{{item.name}}}<div>
</div>
<div ng-repeat="item in collection2" on-finish-render broadcasteventname="ngRepeatBroadcast2">
<div>{{item.name}}}<div>
</div>
Try not setting the options
parameter
this.http.post(${this.apiEndPoint}, formData)
and make sure you are not setting the globalHeaders
in your Http factory.
Same way as @loonis suggested to use TransactionTemplate one may use this helper component (Kotlin):
@Component
class TransactionalUtils {
/**
* Execute any [block] of code (even private methods)
* as if it was effectively [Transactional]
*/
@Transactional
fun <R> executeAsTransactional(block: () -> R): R {
return block()
}
}
Usage:
@Service
class SomeService(private val transactionalUtils: TransactionalUtils) {
fun foo() {
transactionalUtils.executeAsTransactional { transactionalFoo() }
}
private fun transactionalFoo() {
println("This method is executed within transaction")
}
}
Don't know whether TransactionTemplate
reuse existing transaction or not but this code definitely do.
The fields of your object have in turn their fields, some of which do not implement Serializable
. In your case the offending class is TransformGroup
. How to solve it?
Serializable
transient
Maybe this can help you resolve without JavaScript http://htmlhelp.com/reference/html40/forms/option.html
See DISABLE option
This warning comes because your dataframe x
is a copy of a slice. This is not easy to know why, but it has something to do with how you have come to the current state of it.
You can either create a proper dataframe
out of x by doing
x = x.copy()
This will remove the warning, but it is not the proper way
You should be using the DataFrame.loc
method, as the warning suggests, like this:
x.loc[:,'Mass32s'] = pandas.rolling_mean(x.Mass32, 5).shift(-2)
OK, there are just 2 different ways to do the same thing! One called object literal
and the other one is a function constructor
!
But read on, there are couple of things I'd like to share:
Using {}
makes your code more readable, while creating instances of Object
or other built-in functions not recommended...
Also, Object function gets parameters as it's a function, like Object(params)
... but {}
is pure way to start an object in JavaScript...
Using object literal makes your code looks much cleaner and easier to read for other developers and it's inline with best practices in JavaScript...
While Object in Javascript can be almost anything, {}
only points to javascript objects, for the test how it works, do below in your javascript code or console:
var n = new Object(1); //Number {[[PrimitiveValue]]: 1}
Surprisingly, it's creating a Number!
var a = new Object([1,2,3]); //[1, 2, 3]
And this is creating a Array!
var s = new Object('alireza'); //String {0: "a", 1: "l", 2: "i", 3: "r", 4: "e", 5: "z", 6: "a", length: 7, [[PrimitiveValue]]: "alireza"}
and this weird result for String
!
So if you are creating an object, it's recommended to use object literal, to have a standard code and avoid any code accident like above, also performance wise using {}
is better in my experience!
For Swift version, here is the code:
For UINavigationBar
:
self.navigationItem.rightBarButtonItem = nil
self.navigationItem.leftBarButtonItem = nil
Use Set in Python
>>> a = [2,4]
>>> b = [1,4,3]
>>> set(a) - set(b)
set([2])
.. the array I get is very little randomized. It generates a lot of blocks of successive numbers...
Sequences of random items often contain blocks of successive numbers, see the Gambler's Fallacy. For example:
.. we have just tossed four heads in a row .. Since the probability of a run of five successive heads is only 1/32 .. a person subject to the gambler's fallacy might believe that this next flip was less likely to be heads than to be tails. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamblers_fallacy
MVW stands for Model-View-Whatever.
For completeness, here are all the acronyms mentioned:
MVC - Model-View-Controller
MVP - Model-View-Presenter
MVVM - Model-View-ViewModel
MVW / MV* / MVx - Model-View-Whatever
And some more:
HMVC - Hierarchical Model-View-Controller
MMV - Multiuse Model View
MVA - Model-View-Adapter
MVI - Model-View-Intent
Omitting the header above the divider produces a headerless table in at least Perl Text::MultiMarkdown and in FletcherPenney MultiMarkdown
|-------------|--------|
|**Name:** |John Doe|
|**Position:**|CEO |
See PHP Markdown feature request
Empty headers in PHP Parsedown produce tables with empty headers that are usually invisible (depending on your CSS) and so look like headerless tables.
| | |
|-----|-----|
|Foo |37 |
|Bar |101 |
You code is correct. replace items with .items as below
<script>
var n = $(".items").css("left");
if(n == -900){
$(".items span").fadeOut("slow");
}
</script>
For each conflicted file you get, you can specify
git checkout --ours -- <paths>
# or
git checkout --theirs -- <paths>
From the git checkout
docs
git checkout [-f|--ours|--theirs|-m|--conflict=<style>] [<tree-ish>] [--] <paths>...
--ours
--theirs
When checking out paths from the index, check out stage #2 (ours
) or #3 (theirs
) for unmerged paths.The index may contain unmerged entries because of a previous failed merge. By default, if you try to check out such an entry from the index, the checkout operation will fail and nothing will be checked out. Using
-f
will ignore these unmerged entries. The contents from a specific side of the merge can be checked out of the index by using--ours
or--theirs
. With-m
, changes made to the working tree file can be discarded to re-create the original conflicted merge result.
Well, I'm using this one I made...
It's been working so far:
function checkNumber(value) {
return value % 1 == 0;
}
If you spot any problem with it, tell me, please.
You should use one way encryption (which is a way to encrypt a value so that is very hard to revers it). I'm not familiar with MySQL, but a quick search shows that it has a password() function that does exactly this kind of encryption. In the DB you will store the encrypted value and when the user wants to authenticate you take the password he provided, you encrypt it using the same algorithm/function and then you check that the value is the same with the password stored in the database for that user. This assumes that the communication between the browser and your server is secure, namely that you use https.
I wrote a base adapter class to automatically handle item selection with a RecyclerView. Just derive your adapter from it and use drawable state lists with state_selected, like you would do with a list view.
I have a Blog Post Here about it, but here is the code:
public abstract class TrackSelectionAdapter<VH extends TrackSelectionAdapter.ViewHolder> extends RecyclerView.Adapter<VH> {
// Start with first item selected
private int focusedItem = 0;
@Override
public void onAttachedToRecyclerView(final RecyclerView recyclerView) {
super.onAttachedToRecyclerView(recyclerView);
// Handle key up and key down and attempt to move selection
recyclerView.setOnKeyListener(new View.OnKeyListener() {
@Override
public boolean onKey(View v, int keyCode, KeyEvent event) {
RecyclerView.LayoutManager lm = recyclerView.getLayoutManager();
// Return false if scrolled to the bounds and allow focus to move off the list
if (event.getAction() == KeyEvent.ACTION_DOWN) {
if (keyCode == KeyEvent.KEYCODE_DPAD_DOWN) {
return tryMoveSelection(lm, 1);
} else if (keyCode == KeyEvent.KEYCODE_DPAD_UP) {
return tryMoveSelection(lm, -1);
}
}
return false;
}
});
}
private boolean tryMoveSelection(RecyclerView.LayoutManager lm, int direction) {
int tryFocusItem = focusedItem + direction;
// If still within valid bounds, move the selection, notify to redraw, and scroll
if (tryFocusItem >= 0 && tryFocusItem < getItemCount()) {
notifyItemChanged(focusedItem);
focusedItem = tryFocusItem;
notifyItemChanged(focusedItem);
lm.scrollToPosition(focusedItem);
return true;
}
return false;
}
@Override
public void onBindViewHolder(VH viewHolder, int i) {
// Set selected state; use a state list drawable to style the view
viewHolder.itemView.setSelected(focusedItem == i);
}
public class ViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {
public ViewHolder(View itemView) {
super(itemView);
// Handle item click and set the selection
itemView.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
// Redraw the old selection and the new
notifyItemChanged(focusedItem);
focusedItem = getLayoutPosition();
notifyItemChanged(focusedItem);
}
});
}
}
}
Arduino doesn't run either C or C++. It runs machine code compiled from either C, C++ or any other language that has a compiler for the Arduino instruction set.
C being a subset of C++, if Arduino can "run" C++ then it can "run" C.
If you don't already know C nor C++, you should probably start with C, just to get used to the whole "pointer" thing. You'll lose all the object inheritance capabilities though.
Yes, there is better. Check the stat
or the fstat
function
QFile inputFile(QString("/path/to/file"));
inputFile.open(QIODevice::ReadOnly);
if (!inputFile.isOpen())
return;
QTextStream stream(&inputFile);
QString line = stream.readLine();
while (!line.isNull()) {
/* process information */
line = stream.readLine();
};
Use INTERSECT
operator.
It's NULL
-sensitive and efficient if you have a composite index on all your fields:
IF EXISTS
(
SELECT MY_FIELD1, MY_FIELD2, MY_FIELD3, MY_FIELD4, MY_FIELD5, MY_FIELD6
FROM MY_TABLE
INTERSECT
SELECT @IN_MY_FIELD1, @IN_MY_FIELD2, @IN_MY_FIELD3, @IN_MY_FIELD4, @IN_MY_FIELD5, @IN_MY_FIELD6
)
BEGIN
goto on_duplicate
END
Note that if you create a UNIQUE
index on your fields, your life will be much simpler.
Following two options worked for me:
1) A function that returns the number of rows in your ResultSet.
private int resultSetCount(ResultSet resultSet) throws SQLException{
try{
int i = 0;
while (resultSet.next()) {
i++;
}
return i;
} catch (Exception e){
System.out.println("Error getting row count");
e.printStackTrace();
}
return 0;
}
2) Create a second SQL statement with the COUNT option.
scanf
needs to know the size of the data being pointed at by &d
to fill it properly, whereas variadic functions promote floats to doubles (not entirely sure why), so printf
is always getting a double
.
You can use Core Graphics to draw the gradient, as pointed to in Mike's response. As a more detailed example, you could create a UIView
subclass to use as a background for your UILabel
. In that UIView
subclass, override the drawRect:
method and insert code similar to the following:
- (void)drawRect:(CGRect)rect
{
CGContextRef currentContext = UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext();
CGGradientRef glossGradient;
CGColorSpaceRef rgbColorspace;
size_t num_locations = 2;
CGFloat locations[2] = { 0.0, 1.0 };
CGFloat components[8] = { 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 0.35, // Start color
1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 0.06 }; // End color
rgbColorspace = CGColorSpaceCreateDeviceRGB();
glossGradient = CGGradientCreateWithColorComponents(rgbColorspace, components, locations, num_locations);
CGRect currentBounds = self.bounds;
CGPoint topCenter = CGPointMake(CGRectGetMidX(currentBounds), 0.0f);
CGPoint midCenter = CGPointMake(CGRectGetMidX(currentBounds), CGRectGetMidY(currentBounds));
CGContextDrawLinearGradient(currentContext, glossGradient, topCenter, midCenter, 0);
CGGradientRelease(glossGradient);
CGColorSpaceRelease(rgbColorspace);
}
This particular example creates a white, glossy-style gradient that is drawn from the top of the UIView
to its vertical center. You can set the UIView
's backgroundColor
to whatever you like and this gloss will be drawn on top of that color. You can also draw a radial gradient using the CGContextDrawRadialGradient
function.
You just need to size this UIView
appropriately and add your UILabel
as a subview of it to get the effect you desire.
EDIT (4/23/2009): Per St3fan's suggestion, I have replaced the view's frame with its bounds in the code. This corrects for the case when the view's origin is not (0,0).
I think the biggest advantage of having case classes
over enumerations
is that you can use type class pattern a.k.a ad-hoc polymorphysm. Don't need to match enums like:
someEnum match {
ENUMA => makeThis()
ENUMB => makeThat()
}
instead you'll have something like:
def someCode[SomeCaseClass](implicit val maker: Maker[SomeCaseClass]){
maker.make()
}
implicit val makerA = new Maker[CaseClassA]{
def make() = ...
}
implicit val makerB = new Maker[CaseClassB]{
def make() = ...
}
# print section of file based on line numbers
sed -n '16224 ,16482p' # method 1
sed '16224,16482!d' # method 2
Try editing your eclipse.ini file and add the following at the top
-vm
/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.7.0_09.jdk/Contents/Home
Of course the path may be slightly different, looks like I have an older version...
I'm not sure if it will add itself automatically. If not go into
Preferences --> Java --> Installed JREs
Click Add and follow the instructions there to add it
For persistently setting environment variables, you can use one of the existing roles over at Ansible Galaxy. I recommend weareinteractive.environment.
Using ansible-galaxy:
$ ansible-galaxy install weareinteractive.environment
Using requirements.yml:
- src: franklinkim.environment
Then in your playbook:
- hosts: all
sudo: yes
roles:
- role: franklinkim.environment
environment_config:
NODE_ENV: staging
DATABASE_NAME: staging
Swift 5
If you want to get the navigation bar height, use the maxY
property that considers the safeArea size as well, like this:
let height = navigationController?.navigationBar.frame.maxY
To add to Preston's answer, here's the complete list of the HttpContent
derived classes available in the standard library:
Credit: https://pfelix.wordpress.com/2012/01/16/the-new-system-net-http-classes-message-content/
There's also a supposed ObjectContent
but I was unable to find it in ASP.NET Core
.
Of course, you could skip the whole HttpContent
thing all together with Microsoft.AspNet.WebApi.Client
extensions (you'll have to do an import to get it to work in ASP.NET Core for now: https://github.com/aspnet/Home/issues/1558) and then you can do things like:
var response = await client.PostAsJsonAsync("AddNewArticle", new Article
{
Title = "New Article Title",
Body = "New Article Body"
});
While trying out the final suggestion above, I discovered an even simpler solution. All I had to do was cache the process handle. As soon as I did that, $process.ExitCode worked correctly. If I didn't cache the process handle, $process.ExitCode was null.
example:
$proc = Start-Process $msbuild -PassThru
$handle = $proc.Handle # cache proc.Handle
$proc.WaitForExit();
if ($proc.ExitCode -ne 0) {
Write-Warning "$_ exited with status code $($proc.ExitCode)"
}
double myDb = 12.3;
int myInt = (int) myDb;
Result is: myInt = 12
You could create a file with context:
run arg1 arg2 arg3 etc
program input
And call gdb like
gdb prog < file
You can set custom font in two ways : design time
and run-time
.
First you need to download required font
(.ttf file format). Then, double click on the file to install it.
This will show a pop-up. Click on 'install font
' button.
'Fonts'
window.Add to targets
' is checked.Copy Bundle Resources'
present in Build Phases
of Targets
of your project.Info.plist
of your project.
Create a new key with 'Font Provided by application
' with type as Array.
Add a the font as an element with type String in Array.A. Design mode :
Font
attribute present in Attribute inspector
of Utilities
.B. Run-time mode :
self.lblWelcome.font = UIFont(name: "BananaYeti-Extrabold Trial", size: 16)
It seems that run-time mode doesn't work for dynamically formed string like
self.lblWelcome.text = "Welcome, " + fullname + "!"
Note that in above case only design-time approach worked correctly for me.
you can use following approach in python
def redis_clear_cache(self):
try:
redis_keys = self.redis_client.keys('*')
except Exception as e:
# print('redis_client.keys() raised exception => ' + str(e))
return 1
try:
if len(redis_keys) != 0:
self.redis_client.delete(*redis_keys)
except Exception as e:
# print('redis_client.delete() raised exception => ' + str(e))
return 1
# print("cleared cache")
return 0
The best loading and blocking that particular div for ajax call until it succeeded is Blockui
go through this link http://www.malsup.com/jquery/block/#element
example usage:
<span class="no-display smallLoader"><img src="/images/loader-small.png" /></span>
script
jQuery.ajax(
{
url: site_path+"/restaurantlist/addtocart",
type: "POST",
success: function (data) {
jQuery("#id").unblock();
},
beforeSend:function (data){
jQuery("#id").block({
message: jQuery(".smallLoader").html(),
css: {
border: 'none',
backgroundColor: 'none'
},
overlayCSS: { backgroundColor: '#afafaf' }
});
}
});
hope this helps really it is very interactive.
In my experience all the files which i have downloaded from internet,gmail
are stored in
/sdcard/download
on ics
/sdcard/Download
You can access it using
Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_DOWNLOADS);
Well I would do it this way as I am no good with Regs..
CODE
t = '1. eat, food\n\
7am\n\
2. brush, teeth\n\
8am\n\
3. crack, eggs\n\
1pm'.splitlines()
print [i+j for i,j in zip(t[::2],t[1::2])]
output:
['1. eat, food 7am', '2. brush, teeth 8am', '3. crack, eggs 1pm']
Hope this helps :)
The expression df1$id %in% idNums1
produces a logical vector. To negate it, you need to negate the whole vector:
!(df1$id %in% idNums1)
The required
property is boolean
:
$('form#register').find('input').each(function(){
if(!$(this).prop('required')){
console.log("NR");
} else {
console.log("IR");
}
});
Reference: HTMLInputElement
First, you should open the file as a binary file. Then you can read the entire file in, in one command.
file = File.open("path-to-file.tar.gz", "rb")
contents = file.read
That will get you the entire file in a string.
After that, you probably want to file.close
. If you don’t do that, file
won’t be closed until it is garbage-collected, so it would be a slight waste of system resources while it is open.
The problem is with, you
def __init__(self, data):
when you create object from DHT class you should pass parameter the data should be dict type, like
data={'one':1,'two':2,'three':3}
dhtObj=DHT(data)
But in your code youshould to change is
data={'one':1,'two':2,'three':3}
if __name__ == '__main__': DHT(data).showData()
Or
if __name__ == '__main__': DHT({'one':1,'two':2,'three':3}).showData()
SELECT SUM(TABLE_ROWS)
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES
WHERE TABLE_SCHEMA = '{your_db}';
Note from the docs though: For InnoDB tables, the row count is only a rough estimate used in SQL optimization. You'll need to use COUNT(*) for exact counts (which is more expensive).
As this is the first result on google and there's no C++20 answer yet, here's how to use std::chrono to do this:
#include <chrono>
//...
using namespace std::chrono;
int64_t timestamp = duration_cast<milliseconds>(system_clock::now().time_since_epoch()).count();
In versions of C++ before 20, system_clock's epoch being Unix epoch is a de-facto convention, but it's not standardized. If you're not on C++20, use at your own risk.
This works for me to override all local changes and does not require an identity:
git reset --hard
git pull
If you want to pass the variable to your proxy backend, you have to set it with the proxy module.
location / {
proxy_pass http://example.com;
proxy_set_header Host example.com;
proxy_set_header HTTP_Country-Code $geoip_country_code;
proxy_pass_request_headers on;
}
And now it's passed to the proxy backend.
You may find an answer with this example : errorbar_demo_features.py
"""
Demo of errorbar function with different ways of specifying error bars.
Errors can be specified as a constant value (as shown in `errorbar_demo.py`),
or as demonstrated in this example, they can be specified by an N x 1 or 2 x N,
where N is the number of data points.
N x 1:
Error varies for each point, but the error values are symmetric (i.e. the
lower and upper values are equal).
2 x N:
Error varies for each point, and the lower and upper limits (in that order)
are different (asymmetric case)
In addition, this example demonstrates how to use log scale with errorbar.
"""
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
# example data
x = np.arange(0.1, 4, 0.5)
y = np.exp(-x)
# example error bar values that vary with x-position
error = 0.1 + 0.2 * x
# error bar values w/ different -/+ errors
lower_error = 0.4 * error
upper_error = error
asymmetric_error = [lower_error, upper_error]
fig, (ax0, ax1) = plt.subplots(nrows=2, sharex=True)
ax0.errorbar(x, y, yerr=error, fmt='-o')
ax0.set_title('variable, symmetric error')
ax1.errorbar(x, y, xerr=asymmetric_error, fmt='o')
ax1.set_title('variable, asymmetric error')
ax1.set_yscale('log')
plt.show()
Which plots this:
HTML:
<div id="container" class="blog-pager">
<div id="left">Left</div>
<div id="right">Right</div>
<div id="center">Center</div>
</div>
CSS:
#container{width:98%; }
#left{float:left;}
#center{text-align:center;}
#right{float:right;}
text-align:center;
gives perfect centre align.
This solution uses jQuery. If you want to use same placeholder text for all text inputs, you can use
$('input:text').attr('placeholder','Some New Text');
And if you want different placeholders, you can use the element's id to change placeholder
$('#element1_id').attr('placeholder','Some New Text 1');
$('#element2_id').attr('placeholder','Some New Text 2');
You can access hidden fields' values with val()
, just like you can do on any other input element:
<input type="hidden" id="foo" name="zyx" value="bar" />
alert($('input#foo').val());
alert($('input[name=zyx]').val());
alert($('input[type=hidden]').val());
alert($(':hidden#foo').val());
alert($('input:hidden[name=zyx]').val());
Those all mean the same thing in this example.
Also you should know that you can force TLS v1.2 for Android 4.0 devices that don't have it enabled by default:
Put this code in onCreate() of your Application file:
try {
ProviderInstaller.installIfNeeded(getApplicationContext());
SSLContext sslContext;
sslContext = SSLContext.getInstance("TLSv1.2");
sslContext.init(null, null, null);
sslContext.createSSLEngine();
} catch (GooglePlayServicesRepairableException | GooglePlayServicesNotAvailableException
| NoSuchAlgorithmException | KeyManagementException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
Found the solution as below.... posting it as it could help somebody else too :)
DateFormat format = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss");
Date date = format.parse("2014-04-24 11:15:00");
GregorianCalendar cal = new GregorianCalendar();
cal.setTime(date);
XMLGregorianCalendar xmlGregCal = DatatypeFactory.newInstance().newXMLGregorianCalendar(cal);
System.out.println(xmlGregCal);
Output:
2014-04-24T11:15:00.000+02:00
Another option would be to use a keyed data.table
:
library(data.table)
setDT(dt, key = 'fct')[J(vc)] # or: setDT(dt, key = 'fct')[.(vc)]
which results in:
fct X
1: a 2
2: a 7
3: a 1
4: c 3
5: c 5
6: c 9
7: c 2
8: c 4
What this does:
setDT(dt, key = 'fct')
transforms the data.frame
to a data.table
(which is an enhanced form of a data.frame
) with the fct
column set as key.vc
vector with [J(vc)]
.NOTE: when the key is a factor/character variable, you can also use setDT(dt, key = 'fct')[vc]
but that won't work when vc
is a numeric vector. When vc
is a numeric vector and is not wrapped in J()
or .()
, vc
will work as a rowindex.
A more detailed explanation of the concept of keys and subsetting can be found in the vignette Keys and fast binary search based subset.
An alternative as suggested by @Frank in the comments:
setDT(dt)[J(vc), on=.(fct)]
When vc
contains values that are not present in dt
, you'll need to add nomatch = 0
:
setDT(dt, key = 'fct')[J(vc), nomatch = 0]
or:
setDT(dt)[J(vc), on=.(fct), nomatch = 0]
Sub Datainput()
'Checkbox values are 0 (false), 1 (true), 2 (changed or grey)
If activesheet.CheckBoxes("Check Box 1").value = 1 then
Msgbox ("Yay")
Else: Msgbox("Aww")
End if
End Sub
Here's a drop-in example that expands on Andreas Köberle's solution. It uses jQuery for the event handler and the document ready event, but those could be switched to plain JS:
(function(document, $) {
$(function() {
$(document).on('click', '[disable-on-click], .disable-on-click', function() {
var disableText = this.getAttribute("data-disable-text") || 'Processing...';
if(this.form) {
this.form.submit();
}
this.disabled = true;
if(this.tagName === 'BUTTON') {
this.innerHTML = disableText;
} else if(this.tagName === 'INPUT') {
this.value = disableText;
}
});
});
})(document, jQuery);
It can then be used in HTML like this:
<button disable-on-click data-disable-text="Saving...">Click Me</button>
<button class="disable-on-click">Click Me</button>
<input type="submit" disable-on-click value="Click Me" />
To answer the first:
UPDATE Orders SET Quantity = Quantity + 1 WHERE ...
To answer the second:
There are several ways to do this. Since you did not specify a database, I will assume MySQL.
INSERT INTO table SET x=1, y=2 ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE x=x+1, y=y+2
REPLACE INTO table SET x=1, y=2
They both can handle your question. However, the first syntax allows for more flexibility to update the record rather than just replace it (as the second one does).
Keep in mind that for both to exist, there has to be a UNIQUE key defined...
Or you could use Red Gate SQL Refactor or SQL Prompt, which expands your SELECT * into column lists with a click of the Tab button
so in your case, if you type in SELECT * FROM A JOIN B ... Go to the end of *, Tab button, voila! you'll see SELECT A.column1, A.column2, .... , B.column1, B.column2 FROM A JOIN B
It's not free though
fileExists()
is a method of FileSystemObject
, not a global scope function.
You also have an issue with the delete, DeleteFile()
is also a method of FileSystemObject
.
Furthermore, it seems you are moving the file and then attempting to deal with the overwrite issue, which is out of order. First you must detect the name collision, so you can choose the rename the file or delete the collision first. I am assuming for some reason you want to keep deleting the new files until you get to the last one, which seemed implied in your question.
So you could use the block:
if NOT fso.FileExists(newname) Then
file.move fso.buildpath(OUT_PATH, newname)
else
fso.DeleteFile newname
file.move fso.buildpath(OUT_PATH, newname)
end if
Also be careful that your string comparison with the =
sign is case sensitive. Use strCmp
with vbText
compare option for case insensitive string comparison.
We had this case where an .html file was seen as binary whenever we tried to make changes in it. Very uncool to not see diffs. To be honest, I didn't checked all the solutions here but what worked for us was the following:
git deletion
. Git says Deleted file with mode 100644 (Regular) Binary file differs
New file with mode 100644 (Regular) 1 chunk, 135 insertions, 0 deletions
The file
is now added as a regular text fileFrom now on, any changes I made in the file is seen as a regular text diff. You could also squash these commits (1, 2, and 3 being the actual change you make) but I prefer to be able to see in the future what I did. Squashing 1 & 2 will show a binary change.
For some reason, you're re-instantiating the form after you check is_valid()
. Forms only get a cleaned_data
attribute when is_valid()
has been called, and you haven't called it on this new, second instance.
Just get rid of the second form = SearchForm(request.POST)
and all should be well.
I found another solution here, since I ran into both post...
This is from the Myles answer:
<ListBox.ItemContainerStyle>
<Style TargetType="ListBoxItem">
<Setter Property="HorizontalContentAlignment" Value="Stretch"></Setter>
</Style>
</ListBox.ItemContainerStyle>
This worked for me.
If you are using logging then thread names will be helpful. A thread factory helps with this:
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.ThreadFactory;
public class Main {
static Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Main.class);
static class MyTask implements Runnable {
public void run() {
LOG.info("A pool thread is doing this task");
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
ExecutorService taskExecutor = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(5, new MyThreadFactory());
taskExecutor.execute(new MyTask());
taskExecutor.shutdown();
}
}
class MyThreadFactory implements ThreadFactory {
private int counter;
public Thread newThread(Runnable r) {
return new Thread(r, "My thread # " + counter++);
}
}
Output:
[ My thread # 0] Main INFO A pool thread is doing this task
Whats you are looking for is jQuery Ajax. And then just setup a php page to process the request.
I would argue against using SqlDataReader
here; ADO.NET has lots of edge cases and complications, and in my experience most manually written ADO.NET code is broken in at least one way (usually subtle and contextual).
Tools exist to avoid this. For example, in the case here you want to read a column of strings. Dapper makes that completely painless:
var region = ... // some filter
var vals = connection.Query<string>(
"select Name from Table where Region=@region", // query
new { region } // parameters
).AsList();
Dapper here is dealing with all the parameterization, execution, and row processing - and a lot of other grungy details of ADO.NET. The <string>
can be replaced with <SomeType>
to materialize entire rows into objects.
One way is to add a partcular class while disabling buttons and overriding the hover and active states for that class in css. Or removing a class when disabling and specifying the hover and active pseudo properties on that class only in css. Either way, it likely cannot be done purely with css, you'll need to use a bit of js.
The pure python solution for this problem under Linux to get the MAC for a specific local interface, originally posted as a comment by vishnubob and improved by on Ben Mackey in this activestate recipe
#!/usr/bin/python
import fcntl, socket, struct
def getHwAddr(ifname):
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
info = fcntl.ioctl(s.fileno(), 0x8927, struct.pack('256s', ifname[:15]))
return ':'.join(['%02x' % ord(char) for char in info[18:24]])
print getHwAddr('eth0')
This is the Python 3 compatible code:
#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import fcntl
import socket
import struct
def getHwAddr(ifname):
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
info = fcntl.ioctl(s.fileno(), 0x8927, struct.pack('256s', bytes(ifname, 'utf-8')[:15]))
return ':'.join('%02x' % b for b in info[18:24])
def main():
print(getHwAddr('enp0s8'))
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
Create a .BAT file with the following command:
for %%G in (*.sql) do sqlcmd /S servername /d databaseName -E -i"%%G"
pause
If you need to provide username and passsword
for %%G in (*.sql) do sqlcmd /S servername /d databaseName -U username -P
password -i"%%G"
Note that the "-E" is not needed when user/password is provided
Place this .BAT file in the directory from which you want the .SQL files to be executed, double click the .BAT file and you are done!
Using MySQL I usually do it that way:
SELECT count( id ), ...
FROM quote_data
GROUP BY date_format( your_date_column, '%Y%m%d%H' )
order by your_date_column desc;
Or in the same idea, if you need to output the date/hour:
SELECT count( id ) , date_format( your_date_column, '%Y-%m-%d %H' ) as my_date
FROM your_table
GROUP BY my_date
order by your_date_column desc;
If you specify an index on your date column, MySQL should be able to use it to speed up things a little.
Thanks Antonio,
I've just added the lists
command at the end so it will only return one array with key and count:
Laravel 4
$user_info = DB::table('usermetas')
->select('browser', DB::raw('count(*) as total'))
->groupBy('browser')
->lists('total','browser');
Laravel 5.1
$user_info = DB::table('usermetas')
->select('browser', DB::raw('count(*) as total'))
->groupBy('browser')
->lists('total','browser')->all();
Laravel 5.2+
$user_info = DB::table('usermetas')
->select('browser', DB::raw('count(*) as total'))
->groupBy('browser')
->pluck('total','browser')->all();
I use SharePrefrences:
package myapps.serializedemo;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.SharedPreferences;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
//Create the SharedPreferences
SharedPreferences sharedPreferences = this.getSharedPreferences("myapps.serilizerdemo", Context.MODE_PRIVATE);
ArrayList<String> friends = new ArrayList<>();
friends.add("Jack");
friends.add("Joe");
try {
//Write / Serialize
sharedPreferences.edit().putString("friends",
ObjectSerializer.serialize(friends)).apply();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
//READ BACK
ArrayList<String> newFriends = new ArrayList<>();
try {
newFriends = (ArrayList<String>) ObjectSerializer.deserialize(
sharedPreferences.getString("friends", ObjectSerializer.serialize(new ArrayList<String>())));
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
Log.i("***NewFriends", newFriends.toString());
}
}
A very very good document regarding this topic is Troubleshooting Guide for Java from (originally) Sun. See the chapter "Troubleshooting System Crashes" for information about hs_err_pid*
Files.
See Appendix C - Fatal Error Log
Per the guide, by default the file will be created in the working directory of the process if possible, or in the system temporary directory otherwise. A specific location can be chosen by passing in the -XX:ErrorFile product flag. It says:
If the -XX:ErrorFile= file flag is not specified, the system attempts to create the file in the working directory of the process. In the event that the file cannot be created in the working directory (insufficient space, permission problem, or other issue), the file is created in the temporary directory for the operating system.
$("#citiesList").change(function() {
alert($("#citiesList option:selected").text());
alert($("#citiesList option:selected").val());
});
citiesList is id of select tag
Minimal runnable POSIX C examples
To make things more concrete, I want to exemplify a few extreme cases of time
with some minimal C test programs.
All programs can be compiled and run with:
gcc -ggdb3 -o main.out -pthread -std=c99 -pedantic-errors -Wall -Wextra main.c
time ./main.out
and have been tested in Ubuntu 18.10, GCC 8.2.0, glibc 2.28, Linux kernel 4.18, ThinkPad P51 laptop, Intel Core i7-7820HQ CPU (4 cores / 8 threads), 2x Samsung M471A2K43BB1-CRC RAM (2x 16GiB).
sleep
Non-busy sleep does not count in either user
or sys
, only real
.
For example, a program that sleeps for a second:
#define _XOPEN_SOURCE 700
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
int main(void) {
sleep(1);
return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}
outputs something like:
real 0m1.003s
user 0m0.001s
sys 0m0.003s
The same holds for programs blocked on IO becoming available.
For example, the following program waits for the user to enter a character and press enter:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main(void) {
printf("%c\n", getchar());
return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}
And if you wait for about one second, it outputs just like the sleep example something like:
real 0m1.003s
user 0m0.001s
sys 0m0.003s
For this reason time
can help you distinguish between CPU and IO bound programs: What do the terms "CPU bound" and "I/O bound" mean?
Multiple threads
The following example does niters
iterations of useless purely CPU-bound work on nthreads
threads:
#define _XOPEN_SOURCE 700
#include <assert.h>
#include <inttypes.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
uint64_t niters;
void* my_thread(void *arg) {
uint64_t *argument, i, result;
argument = (uint64_t *)arg;
result = *argument;
for (i = 0; i < niters; ++i) {
result = (result * result) - (3 * result) + 1;
}
*argument = result;
return NULL;
}
int main(int argc, char **argv) {
size_t nthreads;
pthread_t *threads;
uint64_t rc, i, *thread_args;
/* CLI args. */
if (argc > 1) {
niters = strtoll(argv[1], NULL, 0);
} else {
niters = 1000000000;
}
if (argc > 2) {
nthreads = strtoll(argv[2], NULL, 0);
} else {
nthreads = 1;
}
threads = malloc(nthreads * sizeof(*threads));
thread_args = malloc(nthreads * sizeof(*thread_args));
/* Create all threads */
for (i = 0; i < nthreads; ++i) {
thread_args[i] = i;
rc = pthread_create(
&threads[i],
NULL,
my_thread,
(void*)&thread_args[i]
);
assert(rc == 0);
}
/* Wait for all threads to complete */
for (i = 0; i < nthreads; ++i) {
rc = pthread_join(threads[i], NULL);
assert(rc == 0);
printf("%" PRIu64 " %" PRIu64 "\n", i, thread_args[i]);
}
free(threads);
free(thread_args);
return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}
Then we plot wall, user and sys as a function of the number of threads for a fixed 10^10 iterations on my 8 hyperthread CPU:
From the graph, we see that:
for a CPU intensive single core application, wall and user are about the same
for 2 cores, user is about 2x wall, which means that the user time is counted across all threads.
user basically doubled, and while wall stayed the same.
this continues up to 8 threads, which matches my number of hyperthreads in my computer.
After 8, wall starts to increase as well, because we don't have any extra CPUs to put more work in a given amount of time!
The ratio plateaus at this point.
Note that this graph is only so clear and simple because the work is purely CPU-bound: if it were memory bound, then we would get a fall in performance much earlier with less cores because the memory accesses would be a bottleneck as shown at What do the terms "CPU bound" and "I/O bound" mean?
Quickly checking that wall < user is a simple way to determine that a program is multithreaded, and the closer that ratio is to the number of cores, the more effective the parallelization is, e.g.:
Sys heavy work with sendfile
The heaviest sys workload I could come up with was to use the sendfile
, which does a file copy operation on kernel space: Copy a file in a sane, safe and efficient way
So I imagined that this in-kernel memcpy
will be a CPU intensive operation.
First I initialize a large 10GiB random file with:
dd if=/dev/urandom of=sendfile.in.tmp bs=1K count=10M
Then run the code:
#define _GNU_SOURCE
#include <assert.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <sys/sendfile.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <unistd.h>
int main(int argc, char **argv) {
char *source_path, *dest_path;
int source, dest;
struct stat stat_source;
if (argc > 1) {
source_path = argv[1];
} else {
source_path = "sendfile.in.tmp";
}
if (argc > 2) {
dest_path = argv[2];
} else {
dest_path = "sendfile.out.tmp";
}
source = open(source_path, O_RDONLY);
assert(source != -1);
dest = open(dest_path, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR);
assert(dest != -1);
assert(fstat(source, &stat_source) != -1);
assert(sendfile(dest, source, 0, stat_source.st_size) != -1);
assert(close(source) != -1);
assert(close(dest) != -1);
return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}
which gives basically mostly system time as expected:
real 0m2.175s
user 0m0.001s
sys 0m1.476s
I was also curious to see if time
would distinguish between syscalls of different processes, so I tried:
time ./sendfile.out sendfile.in1.tmp sendfile.out1.tmp &
time ./sendfile.out sendfile.in2.tmp sendfile.out2.tmp &
And the result was:
real 0m3.651s
user 0m0.000s
sys 0m1.516s
real 0m4.948s
user 0m0.000s
sys 0m1.562s
The sys time is about the same for both as for a single process, but the wall time is larger because the processes are competing for disk read access likely.
So it seems that it does in fact account for which process started a given kernel work.
Bash source code
When you do just time <cmd>
on Ubuntu, it use the Bash keyword as can be seen from:
type time
which outputs:
time is a shell keyword
So we grep source in the Bash 4.19 source code for the output string:
git grep '"user\b'
which leads us to execute_cmd.c function time_command
, which uses:
gettimeofday()
and getrusage()
if both are availabletimes()
otherwiseall of which are Linux system calls and POSIX functions.
GNU Coreutils source code
If we call it as:
/usr/bin/time
then it uses the GNU Coreutils implementation.
This one is a bit more complex, but the relevant source seems to be at resuse.c and it does:
wait3
call if that is availabletimes
and gettimeofday
otherwiseIf you know it's going to be just two fields, you can skip the extra subprocesses like this:
var1=${STR%-*}
var2=${STR#*-}
What does this do? ${STR%-*}
deletes the shortest substring of $STR
that matches the pattern -*
starting from the end of the string. ${STR#*-}
does the same, but with the *-
pattern and starting from the beginning of the string. They each have counterparts %%
and ##
which find the longest anchored pattern match. If anyone has a helpful mnemonic to remember which does which, let me know! I always have to try both to remember.
This issue is not solved (yet), at least not easily / without scripting: see this post on git mailing list by Junio C Hamano explaining situation and providing call for a simple solution.
The major reasoning is that you shouldn't need this:
With git that is not ancient (i.e. v1.5.0 or newer), there is no reason to have local "dev" that purely track the remote anymore. If you only want to go-look-and-see, you can check out the remote tracking branch directly on a detached HEAD with "
git checkout origin/dev
".Which means that the only cases we need to make it convenient for users are to handle these local branches that "track" remote ones when you do have local changes, or when you plan to have some.
If you do have local changes on "dev" that is marked to track the remove "dev", and if you are on a branch different from "dev", then we should not do anything after "
git fetch
" updates the remote tracking "dev". It won't fast forward anyway
The call for a solution was for an option or external script to prune local branches that follow now remote-tracking branches, rather than to keep them up-to-date by fast-forwarding, like original poster requested.
So how about "
git branch --prune --remote=<upstream>
" that iterates over local branches, and if(1) it is not the current branch; and
(2) it is marked to track some branch taken from the <upstream>; and
(3) it does not have any commits on its own;then remove that branch? "
git remote --prune-local-forks <upstream>
" is also fine; I do not care about which command implements the feature that much.
Note: as of git 2.10 no such solution exists. Note that the git remote prune
subcommand, and git fetch --prune
are about removing remote-tracking branch for branch that no longer exists on remote, not about removing local branch that tracks remote-tracking branch (for which remote-tracking branch is upstream branch).
Make sure you are running latest version of pip
Tried to install ansible
and it failed with
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'setuptools_rust'
python3-setuptools
already in place so upgrading pip
solved it.
pip3 install -U pip
You could use a generator expression with a default value and then next
it:
next((x for x in seq if predicate(x)), None)
Although for this one-liner you need to be using Python >= 2.6.
This rather popular article further discusses this issue: Cleanest Python find-in-list function?.
if you just want basic row numbering for a small dataset, how about someting like this?
SELECT row_number() OVER (order by getdate()) as ROWID, * FROM Employees
Selecting from sysusers will get you information about users on the selected database, not logins on the server.
I think the best symptom of correct code coverage is that amount of concrete problems unit tests help to fix is reasonably corresponds to size of unit tests code you created.
If you're on unix the latest version (0.8) adds ndk-build. Here's how to add it:
android.ndk {
moduleName "libraw"
}
It expects to find the JNI under 'src/main/jni', otherwise you can define it with:
sourceSets.main {
jni.srcDirs = 'path'
}
As of 28 JAN 2014 with version 0.8 the build is broken on windows, you have to disable the build with:
sourceSets.main {
jni.srcDirs = [] //disable automatic ndk-build call (currently broken for windows)
}
On technologies with message loops (not sure if ASP is one of them), you can block the loop and process messages until the task is over, and use ContinueWith to unblock the code:
public void WaitForTask(Task task)
{
DispatcherFrame frame = new DispatcherFrame();
task.ContinueWith(t => frame.Continue = false));
Dispatcher.PushFrame(frame);
}
This approach is similar to blocking on ShowDialog and still keeping the UI responsive.
This is just a WAG as I am not a Subclipse user, but have you ensured that the folders containing what you're trying to ignore have themselves been added to SVN? You can't svn:ignore something inside a folder that's not under version control.
You can also load the content with cURL, if file_get_contents insn't enabled on your server.
Example:
$ch = curl_init();
curl_setopt($ch,CURLOPT_URL,"http://feeds.bbci.co.uk/sport/0/football/rss.xml?edition=int");
curl_setopt($ch,CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER,true);
$output = curl_exec($ch);
curl_close($ch);
$items = simplexml_load_string($output);
While you should certainly provide more information, if you are trying to go through each row, you can just iterate with a for loop:
import numpy
m = numpy.ones((3,5),dtype='int')
for row in m:
print str(row)
My pruned version of @Kzoty answer. Thank you Kzoty.
Usage
Helper::copy($sourcePath, $targetPath);
class Helper {
static function copy($source, $target) {
if (!is_dir($source)) {//it is a file, do a normal copy
copy($source, $target);
return;
}
//it is a folder, copy its files & sub-folders
@mkdir($target);
$d = dir($source);
$navFolders = array('.', '..');
while (false !== ($fileEntry=$d->read() )) {//copy one by one
//skip if it is navigation folder . or ..
if (in_array($fileEntry, $navFolders) ) {
continue;
}
//do copy
$s = "$source/$fileEntry";
$t = "$target/$fileEntry";
self::copy($s, $t);
}
$d->close();
}
}
var thisExpressions = [/something/, /something_else/, /and_something_else/];
var thisExpressions2 = [/else/, /something_else/, /and_something_else/];
var thisString = 'else';
function matchInArray(string, expressions) {
var len = expressions.length,
i = 0;
for (; i < len; i++) {
if (string.match(expressions[i])) {
return true;
}
}
return false;
};
setTimeout(function() {
console.log(matchInArray(thisString, thisExpressions));
console.log(matchInArray(thisString, thisExpressions2));
}, 200)?
Use Jquery for append the value for creating dynamically
eg:
var user_image1='<img src="{@user_image}" class="img-thumbnail" alt="Thumbnail Image"
style="width:125px; height:125px">';
$("#userphoto").append(user_image1.replace("{@user_image}","http://127.0.0.1:50075/webhdfs/v1/PATH/"+user_image+"?op=OPEN"));
HTML :
<div id="userphoto">
You can create a new model to Deserialize your Json CustomerJson
:
public class CustomerJson
{
[JsonProperty("customer")]
public Customer Customer { get; set; }
}
public class Customer
{
[JsonProperty("first_name")]
public string Firstname { get; set; }
[JsonProperty("last_name")]
public string Lastname { get; set; }
...
}
And you can deserialize your json easily :
JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<List<CustomerJson>>(json);
Hope it helps !
Documentation: Serializing and Deserializing JSON
If you want to add a column to your table which is automatically updated to half of some other column, you can do that with a trigger.
But I think the already proposed answer are a better way to do this.
Dry coded trigger :
CREATE TRIGGER halfcolumn_insert AFTER INSERT ON table
FOR EACH ROW BEGIN
UPDATE table SET calculated = value / 2 WHERE id = NEW.id;
END;
CREATE TRIGGER halfcolumn_update AFTER UPDATE ON table
FOR EACH ROW BEGIN
UPDATE table SET calculated = value / 2 WHERE id = NEW.id;
END;
I don't think you can make only one trigger, since the event we must respond to are different.
Robert Stewart's answers is great.
I'd like to add that you also can type your fields with --columHaveTypes and --fields like this :
mongoimport -d myDb -c myCollection --type csv --file myCsv.csv
--columnsHaveTypes --fields "label.string(),code.string(),aBoolean.boolean()"
(Careful to not have any space after the comma between your fields)
For other types, see doc here : https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/reference/program/mongoimport/#cmdoption-mongoimport-columnshavetypes
A printer doesn't understand pixels, it understand dots (pt in CSS). The best solution is to write an extra CSS for printing, with all of its measures in dots.
Then, in your HTML code, in head section, put:
<link href="style.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="screen">
<link href="style_print.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="print">
I don't like messing with the DataSource personally so after discussing the issue with an IT friend I was able to discover this way which is simple and doesn't effect the DataSource. Hope this helps!
foreach (DataGridViewRow row in dataGridView1.Rows)
{
foreach (DataGridViewCell cell in row.Cells)
{
cell.Value = "";
}
}
Since other SO answers link to this question it's worth noting that there is another option now in PyOxidizer.
It's a rust utility which works in some of the same ways as pyinstaller, however has some additional features detailed here, to summarize the key ones:
onefile
mode(One other advantage of pyoxidizer
is that it does not seem to suffer from the GLIBC_X.XX not found
problem that can crop up with pyinstaller if you've created your binary on a system that has a glibc version newer than the target system).
Overall pyinstaller is much simpler to use than PyOxidizer, which often requires some complexity in the configuration file, and it's less Pythony since it's written in Rust and uses a configuration file format not very familiar in the Python world, but PyOxidizer does some more advanced stuff, especially if you are looking to produce single binaries (which is not pyinstaller's default).
Yes, it is possible by using a simple custom pipe. Advantage of using custom pipe is if we need to update the date format in future, we can go and update a single file.
import { Pipe, PipeTransform } from '@angular/core';
import { DatePipe } from '@angular/common';
@Pipe({
name: 'dateFormatPipe',
})
export class dateFormatPipe implements PipeTransform {
transform(value: string) {
var datePipe = new DatePipe("en-US");
value = datePipe.transform(value, 'MMM-dd-yyyy');
return value;
}
}
{{currentDate | dateFormatPipe }}
You can always use this pipe anywhere , component, services etc
For example:
export class AppComponent {
currentDate : any;
newDate : any;
constructor(){
this.currentDate = new Date().getTime();
let dateFormatPipeFilter = new dateFormatPipe();
this.newDate = dateFormatPipeFilter.transform(this.currentDate);
console.log(this.newDate);
}
Don't forget to import dependencies.
import { Component } from '@angular/core';
import {dateFormatPipe} from './pipes'
This function overwrites an existing argument
function addToURL( $key, $value, $url) {
$info = parse_url( $url );
parse_str( $info['query'], $query );
return $info['scheme'] . '://' . $info['host'] . $info['path'] . '?' . http_build_query( $query ? array_merge( $query, array($key => $value ) ) : array( $key => $value ) );
}
The date solution is much better than others, I had to increment the time on 50 like that this is a Tweeter example:
//on click or your event handler..
var twMessage = "Your Message to share";
var now = new Date().valueOf();
setTimeout(function () {
if (new Date().valueOf() - now > 100) return;
var twitterUrl = "https://twitter.com/share?text="+twMessage;
window.open(twitterUrl, '_blank');
}, 50);
window.location = "twitter://post?message="+twMessage;
the only problem on Mobile IOS Safari is when you don't have the app installed on device, and so Safari show an alert that autodismiss when the new url is opened, anyway is a good solution for now!
Yes, you can do this using introspection. Make a GraphQL query like (for type UserType)
{
__type(name:"UserType") {
fields {
name
description
}
}
}
and you'll get a response like (actual field names will depend on your actual schema/type definition)
{
"data": {
"__type": {
"fields": [
{
"name": "id",
"description": ""
},
{
"name": "username",
"description": "Required. 150 characters or fewer. Letters, digits and @/./+/-/_ only."
},
{
"name": "firstName",
"description": ""
},
{
"name": "lastName",
"description": ""
},
{
"name": "email",
"description": ""
},
( etc. etc. ...)
]
}
}
}
You can then read this list of fields in your client and dynamically build a second GraphQL query to get all of these fields.
This relies on you knowing the name of the type that you want to get the fields for -- if you don't know the type, you could get all the types and fields together using introspection like
{
__schema {
types {
name
fields {
name
description
}
}
}
}
NOTE: this is the over-the-wire GraphQL data -- you're on your own to figure out how to read and write with your actual client. Your graphQL javascript library may already employ introspection in some capacity, for example the apollo codegen command uses introspection to generate types.
XAML page add this
<ContentPage.ToolbarItems>
<ToolbarItem Text="Next" Order="Primary"
Activated="Handle_Activated"/>
</ContentPage.ToolbarItems>
on the CS page
async void Handle_Activated(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
await App.Navigator.PushAsync(new PAGE());
}
Please be VERY careful with using the registry key approach. These are machine-wide keys and forcibily migrate ALL applications to .NET 4.0.
Many products do not work if forcibily migrated and this is a testing aid and not a production quality mechanism. Visual Studio 2008 and 2010, MSBuild, turbotax, and a host of websites, SharePoint and so on should not be automigrated.
If you need to use PowerShell with 4.0, this should be done on a per-application basis with a configuration file, you should check with the PowerShell team on the precise recommendation. This is likely to break some existing PowerShell commands.
Easiest Solution:
CREATE TABLE #temp (...); INSERT INTO #temp EXEC [sproc];
If you don't know the schema then you can do the following. Please note that there are severe security risks in this method.
SELECT *
INTO #temp
FROM OPENROWSET('SQLNCLI',
'Server=localhost;Trusted_Connection=yes;',
'EXEC [db].[schema].[sproc]')
No, it is not possible to change the content of the buttons in the dialog displayed by the confirm
function. You can use Javascript to create a dialog that looks similar.
edit: shortid has been deprecated. The maintainers recommend to use nanoid instead.
Another approach is using the shortid package from npm.
It is very easy to use:
var shortid = require('shortid');
console.log(shortid.generate()); // e.g. S1cudXAF
and has some compelling features:
ShortId creates amazingly short non-sequential url-friendly unique ids. Perfect for url shorteners, MongoDB and Redis ids, and any other id users might see.
- By default 7-14 url-friendly characters: A-Z, a-z, 0-9, _-
- Non-sequential so they are not predictable.
- Can generate any number of ids without duplicates, even millions per day.
- Apps can be restarted any number of times without any chance of repeating an id.
please see below answer.
Custom_CameraActivity.java
public class Custom_CameraActivity extends Activity {
private Camera mCamera;
private CameraPreview mCameraPreview;
/** Called when the activity is first created. */
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
mCamera = getCameraInstance();
mCameraPreview = new CameraPreview(this, mCamera);
FrameLayout preview = (FrameLayout) findViewById(R.id.camera_preview);
preview.addView(mCameraPreview);
Button captureButton = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button_capture);
captureButton.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
mCamera.takePicture(null, null, mPicture);
}
});
}
/**
* Helper method to access the camera returns null if it cannot get the
* camera or does not exist
*
* @return
*/
private Camera getCameraInstance() {
Camera camera = null;
try {
camera = Camera.open();
} catch (Exception e) {
// cannot get camera or does not exist
}
return camera;
}
PictureCallback mPicture = new PictureCallback() {
@Override
public void onPictureTaken(byte[] data, Camera camera) {
File pictureFile = getOutputMediaFile();
if (pictureFile == null) {
return;
}
try {
FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(pictureFile);
fos.write(data);
fos.close();
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
} catch (IOException e) {
}
}
};
private static File getOutputMediaFile() {
File mediaStorageDir = new File(
Environment
.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_PICTURES),
"MyCameraApp");
if (!mediaStorageDir.exists()) {
if (!mediaStorageDir.mkdirs()) {
Log.d("MyCameraApp", "failed to create directory");
return null;
}
}
// Create a media file name
String timeStamp = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMdd_HHmmss")
.format(new Date());
File mediaFile;
mediaFile = new File(mediaStorageDir.getPath() + File.separator
+ "IMG_" + timeStamp + ".jpg");
return mediaFile;
}
}
CameraPreview.java
public class CameraPreview extends SurfaceView implements
SurfaceHolder.Callback {
private SurfaceHolder mSurfaceHolder;
private Camera mCamera;
// Constructor that obtains context and camera
@SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
public CameraPreview(Context context, Camera camera) {
super(context);
this.mCamera = camera;
this.mSurfaceHolder = this.getHolder();
this.mSurfaceHolder.addCallback(this);
this.mSurfaceHolder.setType(SurfaceHolder.SURFACE_TYPE_PUSH_BUFFERS);
}
@Override
public void surfaceCreated(SurfaceHolder surfaceHolder) {
try {
mCamera.setPreviewDisplay(surfaceHolder);
mCamera.startPreview();
} catch (IOException e) {
// left blank for now
}
}
@Override
public void surfaceDestroyed(SurfaceHolder surfaceHolder) {
mCamera.stopPreview();
mCamera.release();
}
@Override
public void surfaceChanged(SurfaceHolder surfaceHolder, int format,
int width, int height) {
// start preview with new settings
try {
mCamera.setPreviewDisplay(surfaceHolder);
mCamera.startPreview();
} catch (Exception e) {
// intentionally left blank for a test
}
}
}
main.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
android:orientation="horizontal" >
<FrameLayout
android:id="@+id/camera_preview"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
android:layout_weight="1" />
<Button
android:id="@+id/button_capture"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_gravity="center"
android:text="Capture" />
</LinearLayout>
Add Below Lines to your androidmanifest.xml file
<uses-feature android:name="android.hardware.camera" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
The following snippet will iterate over nested objects. Objects within the objects. Feel free to change it to meet your requirements. Like if you want to add array support make if-else and make a function that loop through arrays ...
var p = {_x000D_
"p1": "value1",_x000D_
"p2": "value2",_x000D_
"p3": "value3",_x000D_
"p4": {_x000D_
"p4": 'value 4'_x000D_
}_x000D_
};_x000D_
_x000D_
_x000D_
_x000D_
/**_x000D_
* Printing a nested javascript object_x000D_
*/_x000D_
function jsonPrinter(obj) {_x000D_
_x000D_
for (let key in obj) {_x000D_
// checking if it's nested_x000D_
if (obj.hasOwnProperty(key) && (typeof obj[key] === "object")) {_x000D_
jsonPrinter(obj[key])_x000D_
} else {_x000D_
// printing the flat attributes_x000D_
console.log(key + " -> " + obj[key]);_x000D_
}_x000D_
}_x000D_
}_x000D_
_x000D_
jsonPrinter(p);
_x000D_
I'd use a UIViewController subclass containing a "Container View" that embeds your others view controllers. You'll then be able to add the navigation controller inside the Container View (using the embed relationship segue for example).
On Webpack 2 I tried all 12 devtool options. The following options link to the original file in the console and preserve line numbers. See the note below re: lines only.
https://webpack.js.org/configuration/devtool
devtool best dev options
build rebuild quality look
eval-source-map slow pretty fast original source worst
inline-source-map slow slow original source medium
cheap-module-eval-source-map medium fast original source (lines only) worst
inline-cheap-module-source-map medium pretty slow original source (lines only) best
lines only
Source Maps are simplified to a single mapping per line. This usually means a single mapping per statement (assuming you author is this way). This prevents you from debugging execution on statement level and from settings breakpoints on columns of a line. Combining with minimizing is not possible as minimizers usually only emit a single line.
REVISITING THIS
On a large project I find ... eval-source-map rebuild time is ~3.5s ... inline-source-map rebuild time is ~7s
This gist will do most of the work for you showing a menu when there are multiple devices connected:
$ adb $(android-select-device) shell
1) 02783201431feeee device 3) emulator-5554
2) 3832380FA5F30000 device 4) emulator-5556
Select the device to use, <Q> to quit:
To avoid typing you can just create an alias that included the device selection as explained here.
There is a new public method get_compiled_select
that can print the query before running it. _compile_select
is now protected therefore can not be used.
echo $this->db->get_compiled_select(); // before $this->db->get();
Some things of top of my head.
Method 1.
Application.Union(Range("a1"), Range("b1"), Range("d1"), Range("e1"), Range("g1"), Range("h1")).EntireColumn.Select
Method 2.
Range("a1,b1,d1,e1,g1,h1").EntireColumn.Select
Method 3.
Application.Union(Columns("a"), Columns("b"), Columns("d"), Columns("e"), Columns("g"), Columns("h")).Select
Add these methods to your Activity:
private MyService myServiceBinder;
public ServiceConnection myConnection = new ServiceConnection() {
public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName className, IBinder binder) {
myServiceBinder = ((MyService.MyBinder) binder).getService();
Log.d("ServiceConnection","connected");
showServiceData();
}
public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName className) {
Log.d("ServiceConnection","disconnected");
myService = null;
}
};
public Handler myHandler = new Handler() {
public void handleMessage(Message message) {
Bundle data = message.getData();
}
};
public void doBindService() {
Intent intent = null;
intent = new Intent(this, BTService.class);
// Create a new Messenger for the communication back
// From the Service to the Activity
Messenger messenger = new Messenger(myHandler);
intent.putExtra("MESSENGER", messenger);
bindService(intent, myConnection, Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
}
And you can bind to service by ovverriding onResume(), and onPause() at your Activity class.
@Override
protected void onResume() {
Log.d("activity", "onResume");
if (myService == null) {
doBindService();
}
super.onResume();
}
@Override
protected void onPause() {
//FIXME put back
Log.d("activity", "onPause");
if (myService != null) {
unbindService(myConnection);
myService = null;
}
super.onPause();
}
Note, that when binding to a service only the onCreate()
method is called in the service class.
In your Service class you need to define the myBinder method:
private final IBinder mBinder = new MyBinder();
private Messenger outMessenger;
@Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent arg0) {
Bundle extras = arg0.getExtras();
Log.d("service","onBind");
// Get messager from the Activity
if (extras != null) {
Log.d("service","onBind with extra");
outMessenger = (Messenger) extras.get("MESSENGER");
}
return mBinder;
}
public class MyBinder extends Binder {
MyService getService() {
return MyService.this;
}
}
After you defined these methods you can reach the methods of your service at your Activity:
private void showServiceData() {
myServiceBinder.myMethod();
}
and finally you can start your service when some event occurs like _BOOT_COMPLETED_
public class MyReciever extends BroadcastReceiver {
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
String action = intent.getAction();
if (action.equals("android.intent.action.BOOT_COMPLETED")) {
Intent service = new Intent(context, myService.class);
context.startService(service);
}
}
}
note that when starting a service the onCreate()
and onStartCommand()
is called in service class
and you can stop your service when another event occurs by stopService()
note that your event listener should be registerd in your Android manifest file:
<receiver android:name="MyReciever" android:enabled="true" android:exported="true">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.BOOT_COMPLETED" />
</intent-filter>
</receiver>
All DDL statements in Oracle PL/SQL should use Execute Immediate before the statement. Hence you should use:
execute immediate 'truncate table schema.tablename';
In xcode 7, there is a field under Apple LLVM 7.0 - preprocessing, which called "Preprocessors Macros Not Used In Precompiled..." I put DEBUG in front of Debug and it works for me by using below code:
#ifdef DEBUG
NSString* const kURL = @"http://debug.com";
#else
NSString* const kURL = @"http://release.com";
#endif
Seems like you just forgot the comma to separate the classes. So based on your configuration the following will work:
spring.autoconfigure.exclude=org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.orm.jpa.HibernateJpaAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceTransactionManagerAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.web.SpringDataWebAutoConfiguration
Alternatively you could also define it as follow:
spring.autoconfigure.exclude[0]=org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.orm.jpa.HibernateJpaAutoConfiguration
spring.autoconfigure.exclude[1]=org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceAutoConfiguration
spring.autoconfigure.exclude[2]=org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceTransactionManagerAutoConfiguration
spring.autoconfigure.exclude[3]=org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.web.SpringDataWebAutoConfiguration
Since you are copying tha same data to all rows, you don't actually need to loop at all. Try this:
Sub ARRAYER()
Dim Number_of_Sims As Long
Dim rng As Range
Application.Calculation = xlCalculationManual
Application.ScreenUpdating = False
Number_of_Sims = 100000
Set rng = Range("C4:G4")
rng.Offset(1, 0).Resize(Number_of_Sims) = rng.Value
Application.Calculation = xlCalculationAutomatic
Application.ScreenUpdating = True
End Sub
This is pretty simple with numpy
, just subtract the arrays:
diffs = array1 - array2
I get:
diffs == array([ 0.1, 0.2, 0.3])
int abc= (Math.random()*100);// wrong
you wil get below error message
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.Error: Unresolved compilation problem: Type mismatch: cannot convert from double to int
int abc= (int) (Math.random()*100);// add "(int)" data type
,known as type casting
if the true result is
int abc= (int) (Math.random()*1)=0.027475
Then you will get output as "0" because it is a integer data type.
int abc= (int) (Math.random()*100)=0.02745
output:2 because (100*0.02745=2.7456...etc)
Here is a tail recursive version. Compared to the for-comprehensions it is a bit cryptic, admittedly, but I'd say its functional :)
def run(start:Int) = {
@tailrec
def tr(i:Int, largest:Int):Int = tr1(i, i, largest) match {
case x if i > 1 => tr(i-1, x)
case _ => largest
}
@tailrec
def tr1(i:Int,j:Int, largest:Int):Int = i*j match {
case x if x < largest || j < 2 => largest
case x if x.toString.equals(x.toString.reverse) => tr1(i, j-1, x)
case _ => tr1(i, j-1, largest)
}
tr(start, 0)
}
As you can see, the tr function is the counterpart of the outer for-comprehensions, and tr1 of the inner one. You're welcome if you know a way to optimize my version.
How to get append input field value as json like
temp:[
{
test:'test 1',
testData: [
{testName: 'do',testId:''}
],
testRcd:'value'
},
{
test:'test 2',
testData: [
{testName: 'do1',testId:''}
],
testRcd:'value'
}
],
Primary key fields should be declared as not null (this is non standard as the definition of a primary key is that it must be unique and not null). But below is a good practice for all multi-column primary keys in any DBMS.
create table foo
(
fooint integer not null
,foobar string not null
,fooval real
,primary key (fooint, foobar)
)
;
I´ve done a tiny solution using only jQuery.
First, you need to put an additional class to your <div class="modal-body">
I called "ativa-scroll", so it becomes something like this:
<div class="modal-body ativa-scroll">
So now just put this piece of code on your page, near your JS loading:
<script type="text/javascript">
$(document).ready(ajustamodal);
$(window).resize(ajustamodal);
function ajustamodal() {
var altura = $(window).height() - 155; //value corresponding to the modal heading + footer
$(".ativa-scroll").css({"height":altura,"overflow-y":"auto"});
}
</script>
I works perfectly for me, also in a responsive way! :)
As already mentioned, array_unique() could be used, but only when dealing with simple data. The objects are not so simple to handle.
When php tries to merge the arrays, it tries to compare the values of the array members. If a member is an object, it cannot get its value and uses the spl hash instead. Read more about spl_object_hash here.
Simply told if you have two objects, instances of the very same class and if one of them is not a reference to the other one - you will end up having two objects, no matter the value of their properties.
To be sure that you don't have any duplicates within the merged array, Imho you should handle the case on your own.
Also if you are going to merge multidimensional arrays, consider using array_merge_recursive() over array_merge().
You are mixing implicit joins with explicit joins. That is allowed, but you need to be aware of how to do that properly.
The thing is, explicit joins (the ones that are implemented using the JOIN
keyword) take precedence over implicit ones (the 'comma' joins, where the join condition is specified in the WHERE
clause).
Here's an outline of your query:
SELECT
…
FROM a, b LEFT JOIN dkcd ON …
WHERE …
You are probably expecting it to behave like this:
SELECT
…
FROM (a, b) LEFT JOIN dkcd ON …
WHERE …
that is, the combination of tables a
and b
is joined with the table dkcd
. In fact, what's happening is
SELECT
…
FROM a, (b LEFT JOIN dkcd ON …)
WHERE …
that is, as you may already have understood, dkcd
is joined specifically against b
and only b
, then the result of the join is combined with a
and filtered further with the WHERE
clause. In this case, any reference to a
in the ON
clause is invalid, a
is unknown at that point. That is why you are getting the error message.
If I were you, I would probably try to rewrite this query, and one possible solution might be:
SELECT DISTINCT
a.maxa,
b.mahuyen,
a.tenxa,
b.tenhuyen,
ISNULL(dkcd.tong, 0) AS tongdkcd
FROM phuongxa a
INNER JOIN quanhuyen b ON LEFT(a.maxa, 2) = b.mahuyen
LEFT OUTER JOIN (
SELECT
maxa,
COUNT(*) AS tong
FROM khaosat
WHERE CONVERT(datetime, ngaylap, 103) BETWEEN 'Sep 1 2011' AND 'Sep 5 2011'
GROUP BY maxa
) AS dkcd ON dkcd.maxa = a.maxa
WHERE a.maxa <> '99'
ORDER BY a.maxa
Here the tables a
and b
are joined first, then the result is joined to dkcd
. Basically, this is the same query as yours, only using a different syntax for one of the joins, which makes a great difference: the reference a.maxa
in the dkcd
's join condition is now absolutely valid.
As @Aaron Bertrand has correctly noted, you should probably qualify maxa
with a specific alias, probably a
, in the ORDER BY
clause.
The documentation for css() says that setting the style property to the empty string will remove that property if it does not reside in a stylesheet:
Setting the value of a style property to an empty string — e.g.
$('#mydiv').css('color', '')
— removes that property from an element if it has already been directly applied, whether in the HTML style attribute, through jQuery's.css()
method, or through direct DOM manipulation of the style property. It does not, however, remove a style that has been applied with a CSS rule in a stylesheet or<style>
element.
Since your styles are inline, you can write:
$(selector).css("-moz-user-select", "");
If the src is already set then the event is firing in the cached case before you even get the event handler bound. So, you should trigger the event based off .complete
also.
code sample:
$("img").one("load", function() {
//do stuff
}).each(function() {
if(this.complete || /*for IE 10-*/ $(this).height() > 0)
$(this).load();
});
float
stores floating-point values, that is, values that have potential decimal placesint
only stores integral values, that is, whole numbersSo while both are 32 bits wide, their use (and representation) is quite different. You cannot store 3.141 in an integer, but you can in a float
.
Dissecting them both a little further:
In an integer, all bits are used to store the number value. This is (in Java and many computers too) done in the so-called two's complement. This basically means that you can represent the values of −231 to 231 − 1.
In a float, those 32 bits are divided between three distinct parts: The sign bit, the exponent and the mantissa. They are laid out as follows:
S EEEEEEEE MMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM
There is a single bit that determines whether the number is negative or non-negative (zero is neither positive nor negative, but has the sign bit set to zero). Then there are eight bits of an exponent and 23 bits of mantissa. To get a useful number from that, (roughly) the following calculation is performed:
M × 2E
(There is more to it, but this should suffice for the purpose of this discussion)
The mantissa is in essence not much more than a 24-bit integer number. This gets multiplied by 2 to the power of the exponent part, which, roughly, is a number between −128 and 127.
Therefore you can accurately represent all numbers that would fit in a 24-bit integer but the numeric range is also much greater as larger exponents allow for larger values. For example, the maximum value for a float
is around 3.4 × 1038 whereas int
only allows values up to 2.1 × 109.
But that also means, since 32 bits only have 4.2 × 109 different states (which are all used to represent the values int
can store), that at the larger end of float
's numeric range the numbers are spaced wider apart (since there cannot be more unique float
numbers than there are unique int
numbers). You cannot represent some numbers exactly, then. For example, the number 2 × 1012 has a representation in float
of 1,999,999,991,808. That might be close to 2,000,000,000,000 but it's not exact. Likewise, adding 1 to that number does not change it because 1 is too small to make a difference in the larger scales float
is using there.
Similarly, you can also represent very small numbers (between 0 and 1) in a float
but regardless of whether the numbers are very large or very small, float
only has a precision of around 6 or 7 decimal digits. If you have large numbers those digits are at the start of the number (e.g. 4.51534 × 1035, which is nothing more than 451534 follows by 30 zeroes – and float
cannot tell anything useful about whether those 30 digits are actually zeroes or something else), for very small numbers (e.g. 3.14159 × 10−27) they are at the far end of the number, way beyond the starting digits of 0.0000...
Now the <b>
element is deprecated. <strong>
renders as <b>
, and <em>
renders as <i>
.
tv.setText(Html.fromHtml("<strong>bold</strong> and <em>italic</em> "));
The advice isn't that you should never use True
, False
, or None
. It's just that you shouldn't use if x == True
.
if x == True
is silly because ==
is just a binary operator! It has a return value of either True
or False
, depending on whether its arguments are equal or not. And if condition
will proceed if condition
is true. So when you write if x == True
Python is going to first evaluate x == True
, which will become True
if x
was True
and False
otherwise, and then proceed if the result of that is true. But if you're expecting x
to be either True
or False
, why not just use if x
directly!
Likewise, x == False
can usually be replaced by not x
.
There are some circumstances where you might want to use x == True
. This is because an if
statement condition is "evaluated in Boolean context" to see if it is "truthy" rather than testing exactly against True
. For example, non-empty strings, lists, and dictionaries are all considered truthy by an if statement, as well as non-zero numeric values, but none of those are equal to True
. So if you want to test whether an arbitrary value is exactly the value True
, not just whether it is truthy, when you would use if x == True
. But I almost never see a use for that. It's so rare that if you do ever need to write that, it's worth adding a comment so future developers (including possibly yourself) don't just assume the == True
is superfluous and remove it.
Using x is True
instead is actually worse. You should never use is
with basic built-in immutable types like Booleans (True
, False
), numbers, and strings. The reason is that for these types we care about values, not identity. ==
tests that values are the same for these types, while is
always tests identities.
Testing identities rather than values is bad because an implementation could theoretically construct new Boolean values rather than go find existing ones, leading to you having two True
values that have the same value, but they are stored in different places in memory and have different identities. In practice I'm pretty sure True
and False
are always reused by the Python interpreter so this won't happen, but that's really an implementation detail. This issue trips people up all the time with strings, because short strings and literal strings that appear directly in the program source are recycled by Python so 'foo' is 'foo'
always returns True
. But it's easy to construct the same string 2 different ways and have Python give them different identities. Observe the following:
>>> stars1 = ''.join('*' for _ in xrange(100))
>>> stars2 = '*' * 100
>>> stars1 is stars2
False
>>> stars1 == stars2
True
EDIT: So it turns out that Python's equality on Booleans is a little unexpected (at least to me):
>>> True is 1
False
>>> True == 1
True
>>> True == 2
False
>>> False is 0
False
>>> False == 0
True
>>> False == 0.0
True
The rationale for this, as explained in the notes when bools were introduced in Python 2.3.5, is that the old behaviour of using integers 1 and 0 to represent True and False was good, but we just wanted more descriptive names for numbers we intended to represent truth values.
One way to achieve that would have been to simply have True = 1
and False = 0
in the builtins; then 1 and True really would be indistinguishable (including by is
). But that would also mean a function returning True
would show 1
in the interactive interpreter, so what's been done instead is to create bool
as a subtype of int
. The only thing that's different about bool
is str
and repr
; bool
instances still have the same data as int
instances, and still compare equality the same way, so True == 1
.
So it's wrong to use x is True
when x
might have been set by some code that expects that "True is just another way to spell 1", because there are lots of ways to construct values that are equal to True
but do not have the same identity as it:
>>> a = 1L
>>> b = 1L
>>> c = 1
>>> d = 1.0
>>> a == True, b == True, c == True, d == True
(True, True, True, True)
>>> a is b, a is c, a is d, c is d
(False, False, False, False)
And it's wrong to use x == True
when x
could be an arbitrary Python value and you only want to know whether it is the Boolean value True
. The only certainty we have is that just using x
is best when you just want to test "truthiness". Thankfully that is usually all that is required, at least in the code I write!
A more sure way would be x == True and type(x) is bool
. But that's getting pretty verbose for a pretty obscure case. It also doesn't look very Pythonic by doing explicit type checking... but that really is what you're doing when you're trying to test precisely True
rather than truthy; the duck typing way would be to accept truthy values and allow any user-defined class to declare itself to be truthy.
If you're dealing with this extremely precise notion of truth where you not only don't consider non-empty collections to be true but also don't consider 1 to be true, then just using x is True
is probably okay, because presumably then you know that x
didn't come from code that considers 1 to be true. I don't think there's any pure-python way to come up with another True
that lives at a different memory address (although you could probably do it from C), so this shouldn't ever break despite being theoretically the "wrong" thing to do.
And I used to think Booleans were simple!
End Edit
In the case of None
, however, the idiom is to use if x is None
. In many circumstances you can use if not x
, because None
is a "falsey" value to an if
statement. But it's best to only do this if you're wanting to treat all falsey values (zero-valued numeric types, empty collections, and None
) the same way. If you are dealing with a value that is either some possible other value or None
to indicate "no value" (such as when a function returns None
on failure), then it's much better to use if x is None
so that you don't accidentally assume the function failed when it just happened to return an empty list, or the number 0.
My arguments for using ==
rather than is
for immutable value types would suggest that you should use if x == None
rather than if x is None
. However, in the case of None
Python does explicitly guarantee that there is exactly one None
in the entire universe, and normal idiomatic Python code uses is
.
Regarding whether to return None
or raise an exception, it depends on the context.
For something like your get_attr
example I would expect it to raise an exception, because I'm going to be calling it like do_something_with(get_attr(file))
. The normal expectation of the callers is that they'll get the attribute value, and having them get None
and assume that was the attribute value is a much worse danger than forgetting to handle the exception when you can actually continue if the attribute can't be found. Plus, returning None
to indicate failure means that None
is not a valid value for the attribute. This can be a problem in some cases.
For an imaginary function like see_if_matching_file_exists
, that we provide a pattern to and it checks several places to see if there's a match, it could return a match if it finds one or None
if it doesn't. But alternatively it could return a list of matches; then no match is just the empty list (which is also "falsey"; this is one of those situations where I'd just use if x
to see if I got anything back).
So when choosing between exceptions and None
to indicate failure, you have to decide whether None
is an expected non-failure value, and then look at the expectations of code calling the function. If the "normal" expectation is that there will be a valid value returned, and only occasionally will a caller be able to work fine whether or not a valid value is returned, then you should use exceptions to indicate failure. If it will be quite common for there to be no valid value, so callers will be expecting to handle both possibilities, then you can use None
.
None of the current answers helped me here. We were getting something like:
[ERROR] Failed to execute goal org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-compiler-plugin:
#.#.#:compile (default-compile) on project Streaming_Test: Compilation failure
[ERROR] Unable to locate the Javac Compiler in:
[ERROR] /opt/java/J7.0/../lib/tools.jar
This happens because the Java installation has determined that it is a JRE installation. It's expecting there to be JDK stuff above the JRE subdirectory, hence the ../lib
in the path. Our tools.jar
is in $JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar
not in $JAVA_HOME/../lib/tools.jar
.
Unfortunately, we do not have an option to install a JDK on our OS (don't ask) so that wasn't an option. I fixed the problem by adding the following to the maven pom.xml
:
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<fork>true</fork> <!-- not sure if this is also needed -->
<executable>${JAVA_HOME}/bin/javac</executable>
<!-- ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ -->
</configuration>
</plugin>
By pointing the executable to the right place this at least got past our compilation failures.
byte [] arr = new byte[100]
Each element has 0 by default.
You could find primitive default values here:
Data Type Default Value
byte 0
short 0
int 0
long 0L
float 0.0f
double 0.0d
char '\u0000'
boolean false
Another option is to use HttpStatus
class from the Apache commons-httpclient which provides you the various Http statuses as constants.