You can avoid std::bind
doing this:
std::function<void(void)> f = [this]-> {Foo::doSomething();}
A simple solution "workaround" still is to create a class of virtual functions "interface" and inherit it in the caller class. Then pass it as a parameter "could be in the constructor" of the other class that you want to call your caller class back.
DEFINE Interface:
class CallBack
{
virtual callMeBack () {};
};
This is the class that you want to call you back:
class AnotherClass ()
{
public void RegisterMe(CallBack *callback)
{
m_callback = callback;
}
public void DoSomething ()
{
// DO STUFF
// .....
// then call
if (m_callback) m_callback->callMeBack();
}
private CallBack *m_callback = NULL;
};
And this is the class that will be called back.
class Caller : public CallBack
{
void DoSomthing ()
{
}
void callMeBack()
{
std::cout << "I got your message" << std::endl;
}
};
Since function pointers are often typed callbacks, you might want to have a look at type safe callbacks. The same applies to entry points, etc of functions that are not callbacks.
C is quite fickle and forgiving at the same time :)
If you mean somthing like .NET anonymous delegate, I think Java's anonymous class can be used as well.
public class Main {
public interface Visitor{
int doJob(int a, int b);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
Visitor adder = new Visitor(){
public int doJob(int a, int b) {
return a + b;
}
};
Visitor multiplier = new Visitor(){
public int doJob(int a, int b) {
return a*b;
}
};
System.out.println(adder.doJob(10, 20));
System.out.println(multiplier.doJob(10, 20));
}
}
You can do the following: Suppose you have your A,B & C function as the following:
bool A()
{
.....
}
bool B()
{
.....
}
bool C()
{
.....
}
Now at some other function, say at main:
int main()
{
bool (*choice) ();
// now if there is if-else statement for making "choice" to
// point at a particular function then proceed as following
if ( x == 1 )
choice = A;
else if ( x == 2 )
choice = B;
else
choice = C;
if(choice())
printf("Success\n");
else
printf("Failure\n");
.........
.........
}
Remember this is one example for function pointer. there are several other method and for which you have to learn function pointer clearly.
Note: Most of the answers cover function pointers which is one possibility to achieve "callback" logic in C++, but as of today not the most favourable one I think.
A callback is a callable (see further down) accepted by a class or function, used to customize the current logic depending on that callback.
One reason to use callbacks is to write generic code which is independant from the logic in the called function and can be reused with different callbacks.
Many functions of the standard algorithms library <algorithm>
use callbacks. For example the for_each
algorithm applies an unary callback to every item in a range of iterators:
template<class InputIt, class UnaryFunction>
UnaryFunction for_each(InputIt first, InputIt last, UnaryFunction f)
{
for (; first != last; ++first) {
f(*first);
}
return f;
}
which can be used to first increment and then print a vector by passing appropriate callables for example:
std::vector<double> v{ 1.0, 2.2, 4.0, 5.5, 7.2 };
double r = 4.0;
std::for_each(v.begin(), v.end(), [&](double & v) { v += r; });
std::for_each(v.begin(), v.end(), [](double v) { std::cout << v << " "; });
which prints
5 6.2 8 9.5 11.2
Another application of callbacks is the notification of callers of certain events which enables a certain amount of static / compile time flexibility.
Personally, I use a local optimization library that uses two different callbacks:
Thus, the library designer is not in charge of deciding what happens with the information that is given to the programmer via the notification callback and he needn't worry about how to actually determine function values because they're provided by the logic callback. Getting those things right is a task due to the library user and keeps the library slim and more generic.
Furthermore, callbacks can enable dynamic runtime behaviour.
Imagine some kind of game engine class which has a function that is fired, each time the users presses a button on his keyboard and a set of functions that control your game behaviour. With callbacks you can (re)decide at runtime which action will be taken.
void player_jump();
void player_crouch();
class game_core
{
std::array<void(*)(), total_num_keys> actions;
//
void key_pressed(unsigned key_id)
{
if(actions[key_id]) actions[key_id]();
}
// update keybind from menu
void update_keybind(unsigned key_id, void(*new_action)())
{
actions[key_id] = new_action;
}
};
Here the function key_pressed
uses the callbacks stored in actions
to obtain the desired behaviour when a certain key is pressed.
If the player chooses to change the button for jumping, the engine can call
game_core_instance.update_keybind(newly_selected_key, &player_jump);
and thus change the behaviour of a call to key_pressed
(which the calls player_jump
) once this button is pressed the next time ingame.
See C++ concepts: Callable on cppreference for a more formal description.
Callback functionality can be realized in several ways in C++(11) since several different things turn out to be callable*:
std::function
objectsoperator()
)* Note: Pointer to data members are callable as well but no function is called at all.
Note: As of C++17, a call like f(...)
can be written as std::invoke(f, ...)
which also handles the pointer to member case.
A function pointer is the 'simplest' (in terms of generality; in terms of readability arguably the worst) type a callback can have.
Let's have a simple function foo
:
int foo (int x) { return 2+x; }
A function pointer type has the notation
return_type (*)(parameter_type_1, parameter_type_2, parameter_type_3)
// i.e. a pointer to foo has the type:
int (*)(int)
where a named function pointer type will look like
return_type (* name) (parameter_type_1, parameter_type_2, parameter_type_3)
// i.e. f_int_t is a type: function pointer taking one int argument, returning int
typedef int (*f_int_t) (int);
// foo_p is a pointer to function taking int returning int
// initialized by pointer to function foo taking int returning int
int (* foo_p)(int) = &foo;
// can alternatively be written as
f_int_t foo_p = &foo;
The using
declaration gives us the option to make things a little bit more readable, since the typedef
for f_int_t
can also be written as:
using f_int_t = int(*)(int);
Where (at least for me) it is clearer that f_int_t
is the new type alias and recognition of the function pointer type is also easier
And a declaration of a function using a callback of function pointer type will be:
// foobar having a callback argument named moo of type
// pointer to function returning int taking int as its argument
int foobar (int x, int (*moo)(int));
// if f_int is the function pointer typedef from above we can also write foobar as:
int foobar (int x, f_int_t moo);
The call notation follows the simple function call syntax:
int foobar (int x, int (*moo)(int))
{
return x + moo(x); // function pointer moo called using argument x
}
// analog
int foobar (int x, f_int_t moo)
{
return x + moo(x); // function pointer moo called using argument x
}
A callback function taking a function pointer can be called using function pointers.
Using a function that takes a function pointer callback is rather simple:
int a = 5;
int b = foobar(a, foo); // call foobar with pointer to foo as callback
// can also be
int b = foobar(a, &foo); // call foobar with pointer to foo as callback
A function ca be written that doesn't rely on how the callback works:
void tranform_every_int(int * v, unsigned n, int (*fp)(int))
{
for (unsigned i = 0; i < n; ++i)
{
v[i] = fp(v[i]);
}
}
where possible callbacks could be
int double_int(int x) { return 2*x; }
int square_int(int x) { return x*x; }
used like
int a[5] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
tranform_every_int(&a[0], 5, double_int);
// now a == {2, 4, 6, 8, 10};
tranform_every_int(&a[0], 5, square_int);
// now a == {4, 16, 36, 64, 100};
A pointer to member function (of some class C
) is a special type of (and even more complex) function pointer which requires an object of type C
to operate on.
struct C
{
int y;
int foo(int x) const { return x+y; }
};
A pointer to member function type for some class T
has the notation
// can have more or less parameters
return_type (T::*)(parameter_type_1, parameter_type_2, parameter_type_3)
// i.e. a pointer to C::foo has the type
int (C::*) (int)
where a named pointer to member function will -in analogy to the function pointer- look like this:
return_type (T::* name) (parameter_type_1, parameter_type_2, parameter_type_3)
// i.e. a type `f_C_int` representing a pointer to member function of `C`
// taking int returning int is:
typedef int (C::* f_C_int_t) (int x);
// The type of C_foo_p is a pointer to member function of C taking int returning int
// Its value is initialized by a pointer to foo of C
int (C::* C_foo_p)(int) = &C::foo;
// which can also be written using the typedef:
f_C_int_t C_foo_p = &C::foo;
Example: Declaring a function taking a pointer to member function callback as one of its arguments:
// C_foobar having an argument named moo of type pointer to member function of C
// where the callback returns int taking int as its argument
// also needs an object of type c
int C_foobar (int x, C const &c, int (C::*moo)(int));
// can equivalently declared using the typedef above:
int C_foobar (int x, C const &c, f_C_int_t moo);
The pointer to member function of C
can be invoked, with respect to an object of type C
by using member access operations on the dereferenced pointer.
Note: Parenthesis required!
int C_foobar (int x, C const &c, int (C::*moo)(int))
{
return x + (c.*moo)(x); // function pointer moo called for object c using argument x
}
// analog
int C_foobar (int x, C const &c, f_C_int_t moo)
{
return x + (c.*moo)(x); // function pointer moo called for object c using argument x
}
Note: If a pointer to C
is available the syntax is equivalent (where the pointer to C
must be dereferenced as well):
int C_foobar_2 (int x, C const * c, int (C::*meow)(int))
{
if (!c) return x;
// function pointer meow called for object *c using argument x
return x + ((*c).*meow)(x);
}
// or equivalent:
int C_foobar_2 (int x, C const * c, int (C::*meow)(int))
{
if (!c) return x;
// function pointer meow called for object *c using argument x
return x + (c->*meow)(x);
}
A callback function taking a member function pointer of class T
can be called using a member function pointer of class T
.
Using a function that takes a pointer to member function callback is -in analogy to function pointers- quite simple as well:
C my_c{2}; // aggregate initialization
int a = 5;
int b = C_foobar(a, my_c, &C::foo); // call C_foobar with pointer to foo as its callback
std::function
objects (header <functional>
)The std::function
class is a polymorphic function wrapper to store, copy or invoke callables.
std::function
object / type notationThe type of a std::function
object storing a callable looks like:
std::function<return_type(parameter_type_1, parameter_type_2, parameter_type_3)>
// i.e. using the above function declaration of foo:
std::function<int(int)> stdf_foo = &foo;
// or C::foo:
std::function<int(const C&, int)> stdf_C_foo = &C::foo;
The class std::function
has operator()
defined which can be used to invoke its target.
int stdf_foobar (int x, std::function<int(int)> moo)
{
return x + moo(x); // std::function moo called
}
// or
int stdf_C_foobar (int x, C const &c, std::function<int(C const &, int)> moo)
{
return x + moo(c, x); // std::function moo called using c and x
}
The std::function
callback is more generic than function pointers or pointer to member function since different types can be passed and implicitly converted into a std::function
object.
3.3.1 Function pointers and pointers to member functions
A function pointer
int a = 2;
int b = stdf_foobar(a, &foo);
// b == 6 ( 2 + (2+2) )
or a pointer to member function
int a = 2;
C my_c{7}; // aggregate initialization
int b = stdf_C_foobar(a, c, &C::foo);
// b == 11 == ( 2 + (7+2) )
can be used.
3.3.2 Lambda expressions
An unnamed closure from a lambda expression can be stored in a std::function
object:
int a = 2;
int c = 3;
int b = stdf_foobar(a, [c](int x) -> int { return 7+c*x; });
// b == 15 == a + (7*c*a) == 2 + (7+3*2)
3.3.3 std::bind
expressions
The result of a std::bind
expression can be passed. For example by binding parameters to a function pointer call:
int foo_2 (int x, int y) { return 9*x + y; }
using std::placeholders::_1;
int a = 2;
int b = stdf_foobar(a, std::bind(foo_2, _1, 3));
// b == 23 == 2 + ( 9*2 + 3 )
int c = stdf_foobar(a, std::bind(foo_2, 5, _1));
// c == 49 == 2 + ( 9*5 + 2 )
Where also objects can be bound as the object for the invocation of pointer to member functions:
int a = 2;
C const my_c{7}; // aggregate initialization
int b = stdf_foobar(a, std::bind(&C::foo, my_c, _1));
// b == 1 == 2 + ( 2 + 7 )
3.3.4 Function objects
Objects of classes having a proper operator()
overload can be stored inside a std::function
object, as well.
struct Meow
{
int y = 0;
Meow(int y_) : y(y_) {}
int operator()(int x) { return y * x; }
};
int a = 11;
int b = stdf_foobar(a, Meow{8});
// b == 99 == 11 + ( 8 * 11 )
Changing the function pointer example to use std::function
void stdf_tranform_every_int(int * v, unsigned n, std::function<int(int)> fp)
{
for (unsigned i = 0; i < n; ++i)
{
v[i] = fp(v[i]);
}
}
gives a whole lot more utility to that function because (see 3.3) we have more possibilities to use it:
// using function pointer still possible
int a[5] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
stdf_tranform_every_int(&a[0], 5, double_int);
// now a == {2, 4, 6, 8, 10};
// use it without having to write another function by using a lambda
stdf_tranform_every_int(&a[0], 5, [](int x) -> int { return x/2; });
// now a == {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}; again
// use std::bind :
int nine_x_and_y (int x, int y) { return 9*x + y; }
using std::placeholders::_1;
// calls nine_x_and_y for every int in a with y being 4 every time
stdf_tranform_every_int(&a[0], 5, std::bind(nine_x_and_y, _1, 4));
// now a == {13, 22, 31, 40, 49};
Using templates, the code calling the callback can be even more general than using std::function
objects.
Note that templates are a compile-time feature and are a design tool for compile-time polymorphism. If runtime dynamic behaviour is to be achieved through callbacks, templates will help but they won't induce runtime dynamics.
Generalizing i.e. the std_ftransform_every_int
code from above even further can be achieved by using templates:
template<class R, class T>
void stdf_transform_every_int_templ(int * v,
unsigned const n, std::function<R(T)> fp)
{
for (unsigned i = 0; i < n; ++i)
{
v[i] = fp(v[i]);
}
}
with an even more general (as well as easiest) syntax for a callback type being a plain, to-be-deduced templated argument:
template<class F>
void transform_every_int_templ(int * v,
unsigned const n, F f)
{
std::cout << "transform_every_int_templ<"
<< type_name<F>() << ">\n";
for (unsigned i = 0; i < n; ++i)
{
v[i] = f(v[i]);
}
}
Note: The included output prints the type name deduced for templated type F
. The implementation of type_name
is given at the end of this post.
The most general implementation for the unary transformation of a range is part of the standard library, namely std::transform
,
which is also templated with respect to the iterated types.
template<class InputIt, class OutputIt, class UnaryOperation>
OutputIt transform(InputIt first1, InputIt last1, OutputIt d_first,
UnaryOperation unary_op)
{
while (first1 != last1) {
*d_first++ = unary_op(*first1++);
}
return d_first;
}
The compatible types for the templated std::function
callback method stdf_transform_every_int_templ
are identical to the above mentioned types (see 3.4).
Using the templated version however, the signature of the used callback may change a little:
// Let
int foo (int x) { return 2+x; }
int muh (int const &x) { return 3+x; }
int & woof (int &x) { x *= 4; return x; }
int a[5] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
stdf_transform_every_int_templ<int,int>(&a[0], 5, &foo);
// a == {3, 4, 5, 6, 7}
stdf_transform_every_int_templ<int, int const &>(&a[0], 5, &muh);
// a == {6, 7, 8, 9, 10}
stdf_transform_every_int_templ<int, int &>(&a[0], 5, &woof);
Note: std_ftransform_every_int
(non templated version; see above) does work with foo
but not using muh
.
// Let
void print_int(int * p, unsigned const n)
{
bool f{ true };
for (unsigned i = 0; i < n; ++i)
{
std::cout << (f ? "" : " ") << p[i];
f = false;
}
std::cout << "\n";
}
The plain templated parameter of transform_every_int_templ
can be every possible callable type.
int a[5] = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 };
print_int(a, 5);
transform_every_int_templ(&a[0], 5, foo);
print_int(a, 5);
transform_every_int_templ(&a[0], 5, muh);
print_int(a, 5);
transform_every_int_templ(&a[0], 5, woof);
print_int(a, 5);
transform_every_int_templ(&a[0], 5, [](int x) -> int { return x + x + x; });
print_int(a, 5);
transform_every_int_templ(&a[0], 5, Meow{ 4 });
print_int(a, 5);
using std::placeholders::_1;
transform_every_int_templ(&a[0], 5, std::bind(foo_2, _1, 3));
print_int(a, 5);
transform_every_int_templ(&a[0], 5, std::function<int(int)>{&foo});
print_int(a, 5);
The above code prints:
1 2 3 4 5
transform_every_int_templ <int(*)(int)>
3 4 5 6 7
transform_every_int_templ <int(*)(int&)>
6 8 10 12 14
transform_every_int_templ <int& (*)(int&)>
9 11 13 15 17
transform_every_int_templ <main::{lambda(int)#1} >
27 33 39 45 51
transform_every_int_templ <Meow>
108 132 156 180 204
transform_every_int_templ <std::_Bind<int(*(std::_Placeholder<1>, int))(int, int)>>
975 1191 1407 1623 1839
transform_every_int_templ <std::function<int(int)>>
977 1193 1409 1625 1841
type_name
implementation used above#include <type_traits>
#include <typeinfo>
#include <string>
#include <memory>
#include <cxxabi.h>
template <class T>
std::string type_name()
{
typedef typename std::remove_reference<T>::type TR;
std::unique_ptr<char, void(*)(void*)> own
(abi::__cxa_demangle(typeid(TR).name(), nullptr,
nullptr, nullptr), std::free);
std::string r = own != nullptr?own.get():typeid(TR).name();
if (std::is_const<TR>::value)
r += " const";
if (std::is_volatile<TR>::value)
r += " volatile";
if (std::is_lvalue_reference<T>::value)
r += " &";
else if (std::is_rvalue_reference<T>::value)
r += " &&";
return r;
}
Capturing lambdas cannot be converted to function pointers, as this answer pointed out.
However, it is often quite a pain to supply a function pointer to an API that only accepts one. The most often cited method to do so is to provide a function and call a static object with it.
static Callable callable;
static bool wrapper()
{
return callable();
}
This is tedious. We take this idea further and automate the process of creating wrapper
and make life much easier.
#include<type_traits>
#include<utility>
template<typename Callable>
union storage
{
storage() {}
std::decay_t<Callable> callable;
};
template<int, typename Callable, typename Ret, typename... Args>
auto fnptr_(Callable&& c, Ret (*)(Args...))
{
static bool used = false;
static storage<Callable> s;
using type = decltype(s.callable);
if(used)
s.callable.~type();
new (&s.callable) type(std::forward<Callable>(c));
used = true;
return [](Args... args) -> Ret {
return Ret(s.callable(std::forward<Args>(args)...));
};
}
template<typename Fn, int N = 0, typename Callable>
Fn* fnptr(Callable&& c)
{
return fnptr_<N>(std::forward<Callable>(c), (Fn*)nullptr);
}
And use it as
void foo(void (*fn)())
{
fn();
}
int main()
{
int i = 42;
auto fn = fnptr<void()>([i]{std::cout << i;});
foo(fn); // compiles!
}
This is essentially declaring an anonymous function at each occurrence of fnptr
.
Note that invocations of fnptr
overwrite the previously written callable
given callables of the same type. We remedy this, to a certain degree, with the int
parameter N
.
std::function<void()> func1, func2;
auto fn1 = fnptr<void(), 1>(func1);
auto fn2 = fnptr<void(), 2>(func2); // different function
Not sure why this incredibly simple solution has been passed up:
#include <stdio.h>
class aClass
{
public:
void aTest(int a, int b)
{
printf("%d + %d = %d\n", a, b, a + b);
}
};
template<class C>
void function1(void (C::*function)(int, int), C& c)
{
(c.*function)(1, 1);
}
void function1(void (*function)(int, int)) {
function(1, 1);
}
void test(int a,int b)
{
printf("%d - %d = %d\n", a , b , a - b);
}
int main (int argc, const char* argv[])
{
aClass a;
function1(&test);
function1<aClass>(&aClass::aTest, a);
return 0;
}
Output:
1 - 1 = 0
1 + 1 = 2
The simplest solution is to give the address of the final vector you want , and modify it inside the function.
void calculation(double result[] ){ //do the calculation on result
result[0] = 10+5;
result[1] = 10 +6;
.....
}
int main(){
double result[10] = {0}; //this is the vector of the results
calculation(result); //this will modify result
}
How do I obtain a function pointer for a class member function, and later call that member function with a specific object?
It's easiest to start with a typedef
. For a member function, you add the classname in the type declaration:
typedef void(Dog::*BarkFunction)(void);
Then to invoke the method, you use the ->*
operator:
(pDog->*pBark)();
Also, if possible, I’d like to invoke the constructor via a pointer as well. Is this possible, and if so, what is the preferred way to do this?
I don't believe you can work with constructors like this - ctors and dtors are special. The normal way to achieve that sort of thing would be using a factory method, which is basically just a static function that calls the constructor for you. See the code below for an example.
I have modified your code to do basically what you describe. There's some caveats below.
#include <iostream>
class Animal
{
public:
typedef Animal*(*NewAnimalFunction)(void);
virtual void makeNoise()
{
std::cout << "M00f!" << std::endl;
}
};
class Dog : public Animal
{
public:
typedef void(Dog::*BarkFunction)(void);
typedef Dog*(*NewDogFunction)(void);
Dog () {}
static Dog* newDog()
{
return new Dog;
}
virtual void makeNoise ()
{
std::cout << "Woof!" << std::endl;
}
};
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
// Call member function via method pointer
Dog* pDog = new Dog ();
Dog::BarkFunction pBark = &Dog::makeNoise;
(pDog->*pBark)();
// Construct instance via factory method
Dog::NewDogFunction pNew = &Dog::newDog;
Animal* pAnimal = (*pNew)();
pAnimal->makeNoise();
return 0;
}
Now although you can normally use a Dog*
in the place of an Animal*
thanks to the magic of polymorphism, the type of a function pointer does not follow the lookup rules of class hierarchy. So an Animal method pointer is not compatible with a Dog method pointer, in other words you can't assign a Dog* (*)()
to a variable of type Animal* (*)()
.
The static newDog
method is a simple example of a factory, which simply creates and returns new instances. Being a static function, it has a regular typedef
(with no class qualifier).
Having answered the above, I do wonder if there's not a better way of achieving what you need. There's a few specific scenarios where you would do this sort of thing, but you might find there's other patterns that work better for your problem. If you describe in more general terms what you are trying to achieve, the hive-mind may prove even more useful!
Related to the above, you will no doubt find the Boost bind library and other related modules very useful.
Check the closures how they have been implemented in the lambdaj library. They actually have a behavior very similar to C# delegates:
I ran into a similar problem while creating a library to handle authentication. I want the app owner using my library to be able to register a callback with the library for checking authorization against LDAP groups the authenticated person is in. The configuration is getting passed in as a config.py file that gets imported and contains a dict with all the config parameters.
I got this to work:
>>> class MyClass(object):
... def target_func(self):
... print "made it!"
...
... def __init__(self,config):
... self.config = config
... self.config['funcname'] = getattr(self,self.config['funcname'])
... self.config['funcname']()
...
>>> instance = MyClass({'funcname':'target_func'})
made it!
Is there a pythonic-er way to do this?
cdecl
is a great tool for deciphering weird syntax like function pointer declarations. You can use it to generate them as well.
As far as tips for making complicated declarations easier to parse for future maintenance (by yourself or others), I recommend making typedef
s of small chunks and using those small pieces as building blocks for larger and more complicated expressions. For example:
typedef int (*FUNC_TYPE_1)(void);
typedef double (*FUNC_TYPE_2)(void);
typedef FUNC_TYPE_1 (*FUNC_TYPE_3)(FUNC_TYPE_2);
rather than:
typedef int (*(*FUNC_TYPE_3)(double (*)(void)))(void);
cdecl
can help you out with this stuff:
cdecl> explain int (*FUNC_TYPE_1)(void)
declare FUNC_TYPE_1 as pointer to function (void) returning int
cdecl> explain double (*FUNC_TYPE_2)(void)
declare FUNC_TYPE_2 as pointer to function (void) returning double
cdecl> declare FUNC_TYPE_3 as pointer to function (pointer to function (void) returning double) returning pointer to function (void) returning int
int (*(*FUNC_TYPE_3)(double (*)(void )))(void )
And is (in fact) exactly how I generated that crazy mess above.
You need to use a pointer to a member function, not just a pointer to a function.
class A {
int f() { return 1; }
public:
int (A::*x)();
A() : x(&A::f) {}
};
int main() {
A a;
std::cout << (a.*a.x)();
return 0;
}
Replace void *disconnectFunc;
with void (*disconnectFunc)();
to declare function pointer type variable. Or even better use a typedef
:
typedef void (*func_t)(); // pointer to function with no args and void return
...
func_t fptr; // variable of pointer to function
...
void D::setDisconnectFunc( func_t func )
{
fptr = func;
}
void D::disconnected()
{
fptr();
connected = false;
}
For those using macOS this is a great guide https://getgrav.org/blog/macos-sierra-apache-multiple-php-versions to set up your local web dev environment. In its 3rd part https://getgrav.org/blog/macos-sierra-apache-ssl Andy Miller explains how to set up apache with a self-signed certificate:
This is the key command:
openssl req -x509 -nodes -days 365 -newkey rsa:2048 -keyout server.key -out server.crt
But there are a few steps you need to follow, so check that out and good luck! ;)
<head>
<link rel="shortcut icon" href="favicon.ico">
</head>
I've just solved the problem on an Android 4.0.2 device (GN) and the only version working for this device/version was similar to the first 5-starred with CALL_PHONE permission and the answer:
Intent callIntent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_CALL);
callIntent.setData(Uri.parse("tel:123456789"));
startActivity(callIntent);
With any other solution i got the ActivityNotFoundException on this device/version. How about the older versions? Would someone give feedback?
TimeoutError
uses exceptions to alert on timeout - can easily be modifiedFor full explanation and extension to parallel maps, see here https://flipdazed.github.io/blog/quant%20dev/parallel-functions-with-timeouts
>>> @killer_call(timeout=4)
... def bar(x):
... import time
... time.sleep(x)
... return x
>>> bar(10)
Traceback (most recent call last):
...
__main__.TimeoutError: function 'bar' timed out after 4s
and as expected
>>> bar(2)
2
import multiprocessing as mp
import multiprocessing.queues as mpq
import functools
import dill
from typing import Tuple, Callable, Dict, Optional, Iterable, List, Any
class TimeoutError(Exception):
def __init__(self, func: Callable, timeout: int):
self.t = timeout
self.fname = func.__name__
def __str__(self):
return f"function '{self.fname}' timed out after {self.t}s"
def _lemmiwinks(func: Callable, args: Tuple, kwargs: Dict[str, Any], q: mp.Queue):
"""lemmiwinks crawls into the unknown"""
q.put(dill.loads(func)(*args, **kwargs))
def killer_call(func: Callable = None, timeout: int = 10) -> Callable:
"""
Single function call with a timeout
Args:
func: the function
timeout: The timeout in seconds
"""
if not isinstance(timeout, int):
raise ValueError(f'timeout needs to be an int. Got: {timeout}')
if func is None:
return functools.partial(killer_call, timeout=timeout)
@functools.wraps(killer_call)
def _inners(*args, **kwargs) -> Any:
q_worker = mp.Queue()
proc = mp.Process(target=_lemmiwinks, args=(dill.dumps(func), args, kwargs, q_worker))
proc.start()
try:
return q_worker.get(timeout=timeout)
except mpq.Empty:
raise TimeoutError(func, timeout)
finally:
try:
proc.terminate()
except:
pass
return _inners
if __name__ == '__main__':
@killer_call(timeout=4)
def bar(x):
import time
time.sleep(x)
return x
print(bar(2))
bar(10)
You will need to import inside the function because of the way dill
works.
This will also mean these functions may not be not compatible with doctest
if there are imports inside your target functions. You will get an issue with __import__
not found.
you can also try lsblk ... is in util-linux ... but i have a question too
fdisk -l /dev/sdl
no result
grep sdl /proc/partitions
8 176 15632384 sdl
8 177 15628288 sdl1
lsblk | grep sdl
sdl 8:176 1 14.9G 0 disk
`-sdl1 8:177 1 14.9G 0 part
fdisk is good but not that good ... seems like it cannot "see" everything
in my particular example i have a stick that have also a card reader build in it and i can see only the stick using fdisk:
fdisk -l /dev/sdk
Disk /dev/sdk: 15.9 GB, 15931539456 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1936 cylinders, total 31116288 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0xbe24be24
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdk1 * 8192 31116287 15554048 c W95 FAT32 (LBA)
but not the card (card being /dev/sdl)
also, file -s is inefficient ...
file -s /dev/sdl1
/dev/sdl1: sticky x86 boot sector, code offset 0x52, OEM-ID "NTFS ", sectors/cluster 8, reserved sectors 0, Media descriptor 0xf8, heads 255, hidden sectors 8192, dos < 4.0 BootSector (0x0)
that's nice ... BUT
fdisk -l /dev/sdb
/dev/sdb1 2048 156301487 78149720 fd Linux raid autodetect
/dev/sdb2 156301488 160086527 1892520 82 Linux swap / Solaris
file -s /dev/sdb1
/dev/sdb1: sticky \0
to see information about a disk that cannot be accesed by fdisk, you can use parted:
parted /dev/sdl print
Model: Mass Storage Device (scsi)
Disk /dev/sdl: 16.0GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: msdos
Number Start End Size Type File system Flags
1 4194kB 16.0GB 16.0GB primary ntfs
arted /dev/sdb print
Model: ATA Maxtor 6Y080P0 (scsi)
Disk /dev/sdb: 82.0GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: msdos
Number Start End Size Type File system Flags
1 1049kB 80.0GB 80.0GB primary raid
2 80.0GB 82.0GB 1938MB primary linux-swap(v1)
I don't have a mysql database to test on at the moment, but have you tried specifying what to delete prior to the from clause? For example:
DELETE p, pa FROM `pets` p,
`pets_activities` pa
WHERE p.`order` > :order
AND p.`pet_id` = :pet_id
AND pa.`id` = p.`pet_id`
I think the syntax you used is limited to newer versions of mysql.
Currently, they are the same. but previously
VARCHAR
is reserved by Oracle to support distinction between NULL
and empty string in future, as ANSI standard prescribes.
VARCHAR2
does not distinguish between a NULL
and empty string, and never will.
Emp_name varchar(10)
- if you enter value less than 10 digits then remaining space cannot be deleted. it used total of 10 spaces.
Emp_name varchar2(10)
- if you enter value less than 10 digits then remaining space is automatically deleted
may be in your case you could reach this with the following:
mv excluded_dir ..\
ls -R
mv ..\excluded_dir .
Depending on your application, you'll probably want to use that Font assignment either on text change or focus/unfocus of the textbox in question.
Here's a quick sample of what it could look like (empty form, with just a textbox. Font turns bold when the text reads 'bold', case-insensitive):
public partial class Form1 : Form
{
public Form1()
{
InitializeComponent();
RegisterEvents();
}
private void RegisterEvents()
{
_tboTest.TextChanged += new EventHandler(TboTest_TextChanged);
}
private void TboTest_TextChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
// Change the text to bold on specified condition
if (_tboTest.Text.Equals("Bold", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
{
_tboTest.Font = new Font(_tboTest.Font, FontStyle.Bold);
}
else
{
_tboTest.Font = new Font(_tboTest.Font, FontStyle.Regular);
}
}
}
Module named importlib
allow to access to import internals. Especially, it provide function importlib.reload()
:
import importlib
importlib.reload(my_module)
In contrary of %autoreload
, importlib.reload()
also reset global variables set in module. In most cases, it is what you want.
importlib
is only available since Python 3.1. For older version, you have to use module imp
.
In terms of coding, a bidirectional relationship is more complex to implement because the application is responsible for keeping both sides in synch according to JPA specification 5 (on page 42). Unfortunately the example given in the specification does not give more details, so it does not give an idea of the level of complexity.
When not using a second level cache it is usually not a problem to do not have the relationship methods correctly implemented because the instances get discarded at the end of the transaction.
When using second level cache, if anything gets corrupted because of wrongly implemented relationship handling methods, this means that other transactions will also see the corrupted elements (the second level cache is global).
A correctly implemented bi-directional relationship can make queries and the code simpler, but should not be used if it does not really make sense in terms of business logic.
Simplest answer is to put another condition '.xml' == strtolower(substr($file, -3))
.
But I'd recommend using glob
instead too.
Restart computer solved it for me.
Git version: 2.27.0.windows.1
OS version: Windows 10 v1909
For python 3 use this
inp = list(map(int,input().split()))
#input => java is a programming language
#return as => ("java","is","a","programming","language")
input() accepts a string from STDIN.
split()
splits the string about whitespace character and returns a list of strings.
map()
passes each element of the 2nd argument to the first argument and returns a map object
Finally list()
converts the map to a list
From WWDC 2015 there is a session on Implementing UI Designs in Interface Builder. Around the 32min mark he says that you always want to make your @IBOutlet
strong.
g++ does not check for array bounds, and you may be overwriting something with 3,4 but nothing really important, if you try with higher numbers you'll get a crash.
You are just overwriting parts of the stack that are not used, you could continue till you reach the end of the allocated space for the stack and it'd crash eventually
EDIT: You have no way of dealing with that, maybe a static code analyzer could reveal those failures, but that's too simple, you may have similar(but more complex) failures undetected even for static analyzers
Stream is a base class, you need to create one of the specific types of streams, such as MemoryStream.
Adding "user instance=False" to connection string solved the problem for me.
<connectionStrings>
<add name="NorthwindEntities" connectionString="metadata=res://*/Models.Northwind.csdl|res://*/Models.Northwind.ssdl|res://*/Models.Northwind.msl;provider=System.Data.SqlClient;provider connection string="data source=.\SQLEXPRESS2008R2;attachdbfilename=|DataDirectory|\Northwind.mdf;integrated security=True;user instance=False;multipleactiveresultsets=True;App=EntityFramework"" providerName="System.Data.EntityClient" />
</connectionStrings>
For PyTorch v1.0 and possibly above:
>>> import torch
>>> var = torch.tensor([[1,0], [0,1]])
# Using .size function, returns a torch.Size object.
>>> var.size()
torch.Size([2, 2])
>>> type(var.size())
<class 'torch.Size'>
# Similarly, using .shape
>>> var.shape
torch.Size([2, 2])
>>> type(var.shape)
<class 'torch.Size'>
You can cast any torch.Size object to a native Python list:
>>> list(var.size())
[2, 2]
>>> type(list(var.size()))
<class 'list'>
In PyTorch v0.3 and 0.4:
Simply list(var.size())
, e.g.:
>>> import torch
>>> from torch.autograd import Variable
>>> from torch import IntTensor
>>> var = Variable(IntTensor([[1,0],[0,1]]))
>>> var
Variable containing:
1 0
0 1
[torch.IntTensor of size 2x2]
>>> var.size()
torch.Size([2, 2])
>>> list(var.size())
[2, 2]
You might want to look at the RouteLink()
method.That one lets you specify everything (except the link text and route name) via a dictionary.
The reasonable way how to launch apps from HTML is through url schemes. So you can launch email via mailto:
links and irc through irc:
links. Individual apps can implement these schemes, but I'm not sure WinMerge does this.
a simple solution is to use the -ls option in find:
find . -name \*.ear -ls
That gives you each entry in the normal "ls -l" format. Or, to get the specific output you seem to be looking for, this:
find . -name \*.ear -printf "%p\t%k KB\n"
Which will give you the filename followed by the size in KB.
If you want all your columns a fixed size, you could use CSS:
td.PerformanceCell
{
width: 100px;
}
Or better, use th.TableHeader
(I didn't notice that the first time around).
If you would like to not inflate another view just to indicate progress then do the following:
Android will take care the progress bar's visibility.
For example, in activity_main.xml
:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical"
tools:context="com.fcchyd.linkletandroid.MainActivity">
<ListView
android:id="@+id/list_view_xml"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:divider="@color/colorDivider"
android:dividerHeight="1dp" />
<ProgressBar
android:id="@+id/loading_progress_xml"
style="?android:attr/progress"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
android:layout_centerVertical="true" />
</RelativeLayout>
And in MainActivity.java
:
package com.fcchyd.linkletandroid;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.util.Log;
import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;
import android.widget.ListView;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import retrofit2.Call;
import retrofit2.Callback;
import retrofit2.Response;
import retrofit2.Retrofit;
import retrofit2.converter.gson.GsonConverterFactory;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
final String debugLogHeader = "Linklet Debug Message";
Call<Links> call;
List<Link> arraylistLink;
ListView linksListV;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
linksListV = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.list_view_xml);
linksListV.setEmptyView(findViewById(R.id.loading_progress_xml));
arraylistLink = new ArrayList<>();
Retrofit retrofit = new Retrofit.Builder()
.baseUrl("https://api.links.linklet.ml")
.addConverterFactory(GsonConverterFactory
.create())
.build();
HttpsInterface HttpsInterface = retrofit
.create(HttpsInterface.class);
call = HttpsInterface.httpGETpageNumber(1);
call.enqueue(new Callback<Links>() {
@Override
public void onResponse(Call<Links> call, Response<Links> response) {
try {
arraylistLink = response.body().getLinks();
String[] simpletTitlesArray = new String[arraylistLink.size()];
for (int i = 0; i < simpletTitlesArray.length; i++) {
simpletTitlesArray[i] = arraylistLink.get(i).getTitle();
}
ArrayAdapter<String> simpleAdapter = new ArrayAdapter<>(MainActivity.this, android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1, simpletTitlesArray);
linksListV.setAdapter(simpleAdapter);
} catch (Exception e) {
Log.e("erro", "" + e);
}
}
@Override
public void onFailure(Call<Links> call, Throwable t) {
}
});
}
}
{{-- dynamic select/dropdown --}}
<select class="form-control m-bot15" name="district_id"
onchange ="location = this.options[this.selectedIndex].value;"
>
<option value="">--Select--</option>
<option value="?">All</option>
@foreach($location as $district)
<option value="?district_id={{ $district->district_id }}" >
{{ $district->district }}
</option>
@endforeach
</select>
Ran into this error today while trying to use code to delete a folder/files that are living on a Windoze 7 box that's mounted as a share on a Centos server. Got the inappropriate icotl for device error and tried everything that came to mind. Read just about every post on the net related to this.
Obviously the problem was isolated to the mounted Windoze share on the Linux server. Looked at the file permissions on the Windoze box and noted the files had their permissions set to read only.
Changed those, went back to the Linux server and all worked as expected. This may not be the solution for most but hopefully it saves someone some time.
OK, so looking at Comparison of file systems if you only care about the main players file systems:
NUL
, \
, /
, :
, *
, "
, <
, >
, |
. Also, no space character at the start or end, and no period at the end.:
or /
NUL
or /
so any byte except NUL
, \
, /
, :
, *
, "
, <
, >
, |
and you can't have files/folders call .
or ..
and no control characters (of course).
File.GetLastWriteTime Method
Returns the date and time the specified file or directory was last written to.
string path = @"c:\Temp\MyTest.txt";
DateTime dt = File.GetLastWriteTime(path);
For create time File.GetCreationTime Method
DateTime fileCreatedDate = File.GetCreationTime(@"C:\Example\MyTest.txt");
Console.WriteLine("file created: " + fileCreatedDate);
Stop stomping on round
somewhere else by binding an int
to it.
In Laravel 6 you can get it like this:
try {
window.$ = window.jQuery = require('jquery');
} catch (e) {}
The question is old and the technology has advanced, here is the current state:
JSON Web Token (JWT) is a JSON-based open standard (RFC 7519) for passing claims between parties in web application environment. The tokens are designed to be compact, URL-safe and usable especially in web browser single sign-on (SSO) context.
Sure you can:
Option Explicit
'***** User defined type
Public Type MyType
MyInt As Integer
MyString As String
MyDoubleArr(2) As Double
End Type
'***** Testing MyType as single variable
Public Sub MyFirstSub()
Dim MyVar As MyType
MyVar.MyInt = 2
MyVar.MyString = "cool"
MyVar.MyDoubleArr(0) = 1
MyVar.MyDoubleArr(1) = 2
MyVar.MyDoubleArr(2) = 3
Debug.Print "MyVar: " & MyVar.MyInt & " " & MyVar.MyString & " " & MyVar.MyDoubleArr(0) & " " & MyVar.MyDoubleArr(1) & " " & MyVar.MyDoubleArr(2)
End Sub
'***** Testing MyType as an array
Public Sub MySecondSub()
Dim MyArr(2) As MyType
Dim i As Integer
MyArr(0).MyInt = 31
MyArr(0).MyString = "VBA"
MyArr(0).MyDoubleArr(0) = 1
MyArr(0).MyDoubleArr(1) = 2
MyArr(0).MyDoubleArr(2) = 3
MyArr(1).MyInt = 32
MyArr(1).MyString = "is"
MyArr(1).MyDoubleArr(0) = 11
MyArr(1).MyDoubleArr(1) = 22
MyArr(1).MyDoubleArr(2) = 33
MyArr(2).MyInt = 33
MyArr(2).MyString = "cool"
MyArr(2).MyDoubleArr(0) = 111
MyArr(2).MyDoubleArr(1) = 222
MyArr(2).MyDoubleArr(2) = 333
For i = LBound(MyArr) To UBound(MyArr)
Debug.Print "MyArr: " & MyArr(i).MyString & " " & MyArr(i).MyInt & " " & MyArr(i).MyDoubleArr(0) & " " & MyArr(i).MyDoubleArr(1) & " " & MyArr(i).MyDoubleArr(2)
Next
End Sub
My installer copied a log.txt file which had been generated on an XP computer. I was looking at that log file thinking it was generated on Vista. Once I fixed my log4net configuration to be "Vista Compatible". Environment.GetFolderPath was returning the expected results. Therefore, I'm closing this post.
The following SpecialFolder path reference might be useful:
Output On Windows Server 2003:
SpecialFolder.ApplicationData: C:\Documents and Settings\blake\Application Data SpecialFolder.CommonApplicationData: C:\Documents and Settings\All Users\Application Data SpecialFolder.ProgramFiles: C:\Program Files SpecialFolder.CommonProgramFiles: C:\Program Files\Common Files SpecialFolder.DesktopDirectory: C:\Documents and Settings\blake\Desktop SpecialFolder.LocalApplicationData: C:\Documents and Settings\blake\Local Settings\Application Data SpecialFolder.MyDocuments: C:\Documents and Settings\blake\My Documents SpecialFolder.System: C:\WINDOWS\system32`
Output on Vista:
SpecialFolder.ApplicationData: C:\Users\blake\AppData\Roaming SpecialFolder.CommonApplicationData: C:\ProgramData SpecialFolder.ProgramFiles: C:\Program Files SpecialFolder.CommonProgramFiles: C:\Program Files\Common Files SpecialFolder.DesktopDirectory: C:\Users\blake\Desktop SpecialFolder.LocalApplicationData: C:\Users\blake\AppData\Local SpecialFolder.MyDocuments: C:\Users\blake\Documents SpecialFolder.System: C:\Windows\system32
I am not sure if the question is still active but due to the fact that I did not find the solution in the above answers I decided to write it down.
I use the following approach:
readinessProbe:
exec:
command:
- sh
- -c
- |
command1
command2 && command3
I know my example is related to readinessProbe, livenessProbe, etc. but suspect the same case is for the container commands. This provides flexibility as it mirrors a standard script writing in Bash.
The common idiom is using both:
typedef struct S {
int x;
} S;
They are different definitions. To make the discussion clearer I will split the sentence:
struct S {
int x;
};
typedef struct S S;
In the first line you are defining the identifier S
within the struct name space (not in the C++ sense). You can use it and define variables or function arguments of the newly defined type by defining the type of the argument as struct S
:
void f( struct S argument ); // struct is required here
The second line adds a type alias S
in the global name space and thus allows you to just write:
void f( S argument ); // struct keyword no longer needed
Note that since both identifier name spaces are different, defining S
both in the structs and global spaces is not an error, as it is not redefining the same identifier, but rather creating a different identifier in a different place.
To make the difference clearer:
typedef struct S {
int x;
} T;
void S() { } // correct
//void T() {} // error: symbol T already defined as an alias to 'struct S'
You can define a function with the same name of the struct as the identifiers are kept in different spaces, but you cannot define a function with the same name as a typedef
as those identifiers collide.
In C++, it is slightly different as the rules to locate a symbol have changed subtly. C++ still keeps the two different identifier spaces, but unlike in C, when you only define the symbol within the class identifier space, you are not required to provide the struct/class keyword:
// C++
struct S {
int x;
}; // S defined as a class
void f( S a ); // correct: struct is optional
What changes are the search rules, not where the identifiers are defined. The compiler will search the global identifier table and after S
has not been found it will search for S
within the class identifiers.
The code presented before behaves in the same way:
typedef struct S {
int x;
} T;
void S() {} // correct [*]
//void T() {} // error: symbol T already defined as an alias to 'struct S'
After the definition of the S
function in the second line, the struct S
cannot be resolved automatically by the compiler, and to create an object or define an argument of that type you must fall back to including the struct
keyword:
// previous code here...
int main() {
S();
struct S s;
}
Since the syntaxes are equivalent (in MySQL anyhow), I prefer the INSERT INTO table SET x=1, y=2
syntax, since it is easier to modify and easier to catch errors in the statement, especially when inserting lots of columns. If you have to insert 10 or 15 or more columns, it's really easy to mix something up using the (x, y) VALUES (1,2)
syntax, in my opinion.
If portability between different SQL standards is an issue, then maybe INSERT INTO table (x, y) VALUES (1,2)
would be preferred.
And if you want to insert multiple records in a single query, it doesn't seem like the INSERT INTO ... SET
syntax will work, whereas the other one will. But in most practical cases, you're looping through a set of records to do inserts anyhow, though there could be some cases where maybe constructing one large query to insert a bunch of rows into a table in one query, vs. a query for each row, might have a performance improvement. Really don't know.
Try this.
You can set height and width on "div", like the scope for "hr".
The margin of "hr" is used to alignment.
<div style="display: inline-flex; width: 25px; height: 100px;">_x000D_
<hr style="margin: 0px 0px 0px 12.5px;">_x000D_
</div>
_x000D_
The problem is that you're targeting the button, but it's the A Tag that causes the text-decoration: underline. So if you target the A tag then it should work.
a:hover, a:focus { text-decoration: none;}
This is what I implemented myself, which returns the average latency:
/*
Returns the latency to a given server in mili-seconds by issuing a ping command.
system will issue NUMBER_OF_PACKTETS ICMP Echo Request packet each having size of 56 bytes
every second, and returns the avg latency of them.
Returns 0 when there is no connection
*/
public double getLatency(String ipAddress){
String pingCommand = "/system/bin/ping -c " + NUMBER_OF_PACKTETS + " " + ipAddress;
String inputLine = "";
double avgRtt = 0;
try {
// execute the command on the environment interface
Process process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(pingCommand);
// gets the input stream to get the output of the executed command
BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(process.getInputStream()));
inputLine = bufferedReader.readLine();
while ((inputLine != null)) {
if (inputLine.length() > 0 && inputLine.contains("avg")) { // when we get to the last line of executed ping command
break;
}
inputLine = bufferedReader.readLine();
}
}
catch (IOException e){
Log.v(DEBUG_TAG, "getLatency: EXCEPTION");
e.printStackTrace();
}
// Extracting the average round trip time from the inputLine string
String afterEqual = inputLine.substring(inputLine.indexOf("="), inputLine.length()).trim();
String afterFirstSlash = afterEqual.substring(afterEqual.indexOf('/') + 1, afterEqual.length()).trim();
String strAvgRtt = afterFirstSlash.substring(0, afterFirstSlash.indexOf('/'));
avgRtt = Double.valueOf(strAvgRtt);
return avgRtt;
}
The disapproval of tail
here based on speed alone doesn't really seem to emphasize that part of the slower speed comes from the fact that tail is safer to work with, if you don't for sure that the length of x will exceed n
, the number of elements you want to subset out:
x <- 1:10
tail(x, 20)
# [1] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
x[length(x) - (0:19)]
#Error in x[length(x) - (0:19)] :
# only 0's may be mixed with negative subscripts
Tail will simply return the max number of elements instead of generating an error, so you don't need to do any error checking yourself. A great reason to use it. Safer cleaner code, if extra microseconds/milliseconds don't matter much to you in its use.
I am using Windows 10 and overcame this issue by running the pip install mysql-connector
command in Windows PowerShell rather than the Command Prompt.
This also works
WpfApplication1.Properties.Settings.Default["appsetting"].ToString()
If you're working within a single method (or even in a single class or assembly in some cases) and no one outside is going to see what you're doing, use the fullness of a List. But if you're interacting with outside code, like when you're returning a list from a method, then you only want to declare the interface without necessarily tying yourself to a specific implementation, especially if you have no control over who compiles against your code afterward. If you started with a concrete type and you decided to change to another one, even if it uses the same interface, you're going to break someone else's code unless you started off with an interface or abstract base type.
Could use sprintf
to accomplish this:
awk '{str = sprintf("%s %s", $1, $2)} END {print str}' file
You can make use of java.util.Date instead of Timestamp :
String timeStamp = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy.MM.dd.HH.mm.ss").format(new Date());
I know it's not related to the image load but here what I did in one of the job interview test.
HTML
<div id="news-feed">Scroll to see News (Newest First)</div>
CSS
article {
margin-top: 500px;
opacity: 0;
border: 2px solid #864488;
padding: 5px 10px 10px 5px;
background-image: -webkit-gradient(
linear,
left top,
left bottom,
color-stop(0, #DCD3E8),
color-stop(1, #BCA3CC)
);
background-image: -o-linear-gradient(bottom, #DCD3E8 0%, #BCA3CC 100%);
background-image: -moz-linear-gradient(bottom, #DCD3E8 0%, #BCA3CC 100%);
background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(bottom, #DCD3E8 0%, #BCA3CC 100%);
background-image: -ms-linear-gradient(bottom, #DCD3E8 0%, #BCA3CC 100%);
background-image: linear-gradient(to bottom, #DCD3E8 0%, #BCA3CC 100%);
color: gray;
font-family: arial;
}
article h4 {
font-family: "Times New Roman";
margin: 5px 1px;
}
.main-news {
border: 5px double gray;
padding: 15px;
}
JavaScript
var newsData,
SortData = '',
i = 1;
$.getJSON("http://www.stellarbiotechnologies.com/media/press-releases/json", function(data) {
newsData = data.news;
function SortByDate(x,y) {
return ((x.published == y.published) ? 0 : ((x.published < y.published) ? 1 : -1 ));
}
var sortedNewsData = newsData.sort(SortByDate);
$.each( sortedNewsData, function( key, val ) {
SortData += '<article id="article' + i + '"><h4>Published on: ' + val.published + '</h4><div class="main-news">' + val.title + '</div></article>';
i++;
});
$('#news-feed').append(SortData);
});
$(window).scroll(function() {
var $window = $(window),
wH = $window.height(),
wS = $window.scrollTop() + 1
for (var j=0; j<$('article').length;j++) {
var eT = $('#article' + j ).offset().top,
eH = $('#article' + j ).outerHeight();
if (wS > ((eT + eH) - (wH))) {
$('#article' + j ).animate({'opacity': '1'}, 500);
}
}
});
I am sorting the data by Date and then doing lazy load on window scroll function.
I hope it helps :)
If you are using .NET 4.0 or newer you can use this method:
public static void CopyStream(Stream input, Stream output)
{
input.CopyTo(output);
}
If not, use this one:
public static void CopyStream(Stream input, Stream output)
{
byte[] buffer = new byte[8 * 1024];
int len;
while ( (len = input.Read(buffer, 0, buffer.Length)) > 0)
{
output.Write(buffer, 0, len);
}
}
And here how to use it:
using (FileStream output = File.OpenWrite(path))
{
CopyStream(input, output);
}
There is no notion of method overloading in Python. But you can achieve a similar effect by specifying optional and keyword arguments
Make sure branch "master" exists! It's not just a name apparently.
I got this error after creating a blank bare repo, pushing a branch named "dev" to it, and trying to use git log in the bare repo. Interestingly, git branch knows that dev is the only branch existing (so I think this is a git bug).
Solution: I repeated the procedure, this time having renamed "dev" to "master" on the working repo before pushing to the bare repo. Success!
Right click on the project file -> Add -> New Item -> Application Configuration File. This will add an app.config
(or web.config
) file to your project.
The ConfigurationManager
class would be a good start. You can use it to read different configuration values from the configuration file.
I suggest you start reading the MSDN document about Configuration Files.
The reason for this is PHP doesn't recognise utf-8.
Here you can check it for all Special Characters in HTML
Implicit declarations are not valid in C.
C99 removed this feature (present in C89).
gcc
chooses to only issue a warning by default with -std=c99
but a compiler has the right to refuse to translate such a program.
I don't know what the .tex extension on your file means. If we are saying that it is any file with any extension you have several methods of reading it.
I have to assume you are using windows because you have mentioned notepad++.
Use notepad++. Right click on the file and choose "edit with notepad++"
Use notepad Change the filename extension to .txt and double click the file.
Use command prompt. Open the folder that your file is in. Hold down shift and right click. (not on the file, but in the folder that the file is in.) Choose "open command window here" from the command prompt type: "type filename.tex"
If these don't work, I would need more detail as to how they are not working. Errors that you may be getting or what you may expect to be in the file might help.
This should work
import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.any;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.verify;
verify(bar).DoStuff(any(Foo[].class));
I accomplished the above using relative positioning and floating to the right.
HTML code:
<div class="clearfix">
<div class="outer-div">
<div class="inner-div">
<div class="floating-div">Float 1</div>
<div class="floating-div">Float 2</div>
<div class="floating-div">Float 3</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
CSS:
.outer-div { position: relative; float: right; right: 50%; }
.inner-div { position: relative; float: right; right: -50%; }
.floating-div { float: left; border: 1px solid red; margin: 0 1.5em; }
.clearfix:before,
.clearfix:after { content: " "; display: table; }
.clearfix:after { clear: both; }
.clearfix { *zoom: 1; }
JSFiddle: http://jsfiddle.net/MJ9yp/
This will work in IE8 and up, but not earlier (surprise, surprise!)
I do not recall the source of this method unfortunately, so I cannot give credit to the original author. If anybody else knows, please post the link!
A truly abstract data type describes the properties of its instances without commitment to their representation or particular operations. For example the abstract (mathematical) type Integer is a discrete, unlimited, linearly ordered set of instances. A concrete type gives a specific representation for instances and implements a specific set of operations.
Just an FYI, you don't need to use CSS classes to accomplish this.
You can write the following line of code to get the correct control name on the client:
$("#<%= statusDDL.ClientID %>").val("2");
ASP.NET will render the control ID correctly inside the jQuery.
You can use len(list(generator_function())
. However, this consumes the generator, but that's the only way you can find out how many elements are generated. So you may want to save the list somewhere if you also want to use the items.
a = list(generator_function())
print(len(a))
print(a[0])
https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.mycompany.easyGUI try this tool its not for free but offers simple way to create android ui on your phone
To provide another method for DatePeriod
when using the UTC or GMT timezone.
$start = new \DateTime('2006-04-12T12:30:00');
$end = new \DateTime('2006-04-14T11:30:00');
//determine what interval should be used - can change to weeks, months, etc
$interval = new \DateInterval('PT1H');
//create periods every hour between the two dates
$periods = new \DatePeriod($start, $interval, $end);
//count the number of objects within the periods
$hours = iterator_count($periods);
echo $hours . ' hours';
//difference between Unix Epoch
$diff = $end->getTimestamp() - $start->getTimestamp();
$hours = $diff / ( 60 * 60 );
echo $hours . ' hours (60 * 60)';
//difference between days
$diff = $end->diff($start);
$hours = $diff->h + ($diff->days * 24);
echo $hours . ' hours (days * 24)';
Result
47 hours (iterator_count)
47 hours (60 * 60)
47 hours (days * 24)
Please be advised that DatePeriod
excludes an hour for DST but does not add another hour when DST ends. So its usage is subjective to your desired outcome and date range.
See the current bug report
//set timezone to UTC to disregard daylight savings
date_default_timezone_set('America/New_York');
$interval = new \DateInterval('PT1H');
//DST starts Apr. 2nd 02:00 and moves to 03:00
$start = new \DateTime('2006-04-01T12:00:00');
$end = new \DateTime('2006-04-02T12:00:00');
$periods = new \DatePeriod($start, $interval, $end);
$hours = iterator_count($periods);
echo $hours . ' hours';
//DST ends Oct. 29th 02:00 and moves to 01:00
$start = new \DateTime('2006-10-28T12:00:00');
$end = new \DateTime('2006-10-29T12:00:00');
$periods = new \DatePeriod($start, $interval, $end);
$hours = iterator_count($periods);
echo $hours . ' hours';
Result
#2006-04-01 12:00 EST to 2006-04-02 12:00 EDT
23 hours (iterator_count)
//23 hours (60 * 60)
//24 hours (days * 24)
#2006-10-28 12:00 EDT to 2006-10-29 12:00 EST
24 hours (iterator_count)
//25 hours (60 * 60)
//24 hours (days * 24)
#2006-01-01 12:00 EST to 2007-01-01 12:00 EST
8759 hours (iterator_count)
//8760 hours (60 * 60)
//8760 hours (days * 24)
//------
#2006-04-01 12:00 UTC to 2006-04-02 12:00 UTC
24 hours (iterator_count)
//24 hours (60 * 60)
//24 hours (days * 24)
#2006-10-28 12:00 UTC to 2006-10-29 12:00 UTC
24 hours (iterator_count)
//24 hours (60 * 60)
//24 hours (days * 24)
#2006-01-01 12:00 UTC to 2007-01-01 12:00 UTC
8760 hours (iterator_count)
//8760 hours (60 * 60)
//8760 hours (days * 24)
My favorite:
https://inloop.github.io/sqlite-viewer/
No installation needed. Just drop the file.
I think what you need might be simply:
\d( \w)?
Note that your regex would have worked too if it was written as \d \w|\d
instead of \d|\d \w
.
This is because in your case, once the regex matches the first option, \d
, it ceases to search for a new match, so to speak.
The best way seems to put the final state at the main part of css. Like here, i put width to 220px
, so that it finally becomes 220px
. But starting to 0px;
div.menu-item1 {
font-size: 20px;
border: 2px solid #fff;
width: 220px;
animation: slide 1s;
-webkit-animation: slide 1s; /* Safari and Chrome */
}
@-webkit-keyframes slide { /* Safari and Chrome */
from {width:0px;}
to {width:220px;}
}
Perhaps use plt.annotate:
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
N = 10
data = np.random.random((N, 4))
labels = ['point{0}'.format(i) for i in range(N)]
plt.subplots_adjust(bottom = 0.1)
plt.scatter(
data[:, 0], data[:, 1], marker='o', c=data[:, 2], s=data[:, 3] * 1500,
cmap=plt.get_cmap('Spectral'))
for label, x, y in zip(labels, data[:, 0], data[:, 1]):
plt.annotate(
label,
xy=(x, y), xytext=(-20, 20),
textcoords='offset points', ha='right', va='bottom',
bbox=dict(boxstyle='round,pad=0.5', fc='yellow', alpha=0.5),
arrowprops=dict(arrowstyle = '->', connectionstyle='arc3,rad=0'))
plt.show()
Take This as an alternate to startActivityforResult.But keep in mind that for such cases this approach can be expensive in terms of performance but in some cases you might need to use.
In Activity2,
@Override
public void onBackPressed() {
String data = mEditText.getText();
SharedPreferences sp = getSharedPreferences("LoginInfos", 0);
Editor editor = sp.edit();
editor.putString("email",data);
editor.commit();
}
In Activity1,
@Override
public void onResume() {
SharedPreferences sp = getSharedPreferences("LoginInfos", 0);
String dataFromOtherAct= sp.getString("email", "no email");
}
ListBox will try to expand in height that is available.. When you set the Height property of ListBox you get a scrollviewer that actually works...
If you wish your ListBox to accodate the height available, you might want to try to regulate the Height from your parent controls.. In a Grid for example, setting the Height to Auto in your RowDefinition might do the trick...
HTH
aping can provide a list of hosts and whether each has responded to pings.
aping -show all 192.168.1.*
My best bet is there is an issue here:
static {
//code for loading properties from file
}
It would appear some uncaught exception occurred and propagated up to the actual ClassLoader attempting to load the class. We would need a stacktrace to confirm this though.
Either that or it occurred when creating PropHolder.prop
static variable.
using System.Security.Cryptography;
public static byte[] GetHash(string inputString)
{
using (HashAlgorithm algorithm = SHA256.Create())
return algorithm.ComputeHash(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(inputString));
}
public static string GetHashString(string inputString)
{
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
foreach (byte b in GetHash(inputString))
sb.Append(b.ToString("X2"));
return sb.ToString();
}
Additional Notes
http://www.pip-installer.org/en/latest/installing.html is really the canonical answer to this question.
Specifically, the systemwide instructions are:
$ curl -O http://python-distribute.org/distribute_setup.py
$ python distribute_setup.py
$ curl -O https://raw.github.com/pypa/pip/master/contrib/get-pip.py
$ python get-pip.py
The section quoted in the question is the virtualenv
instructions rather than the systemwide ones. The easy_install
instructions have been around for longer, but it isn't necessary to do it that way any more.
In my case it was stupid missing of @OneToOne annotation, i set @MapsId without it
using date method, we should be able to get the result. ie; date('N/D/l', mktime(0, 0, 0, month, day, year));
For Example
echo date('N', mktime(0, 0, 0, 7, 1, 2017)); // will return 6
echo date('D', mktime(0, 0, 0, 7, 1, 2017)); // will return Sat
echo date('l', mktime(0, 0, 0, 7, 1, 2017)); // will return Saturday
Hmmm. There was an answer with a list comprehension here, but it's disappeared.
Here:
[i for i,x in enumerate(testlist) if x == 1]
Example:
>>> testlist
[1, 2, 3, 5, 3, 1, 2, 1, 6]
>>> [i for i,x in enumerate(testlist) if x == 1]
[0, 5, 7]
Update:
Okay, you want a generator expression, we'll have a generator expression. Here's the list comprehension again, in a for loop:
>>> for i in [i for i,x in enumerate(testlist) if x == 1]:
... print i
...
0
5
7
Now we'll construct a generator...
>>> (i for i,x in enumerate(testlist) if x == 1)
<generator object at 0x6b508>
>>> for i in (i for i,x in enumerate(testlist) if x == 1):
... print i
...
0
5
7
and niftily enough, we can assign that to a variable, and use it from there...
>>> gen = (i for i,x in enumerate(testlist) if x == 1)
>>> for i in gen: print i
...
0
5
7
And to think I used to write FORTRAN.
Some of the previously mentioned solutions did not work for me, even though they are of more general usage. Alternatively I've found this one that did the job on window resize:
$(window).bind('resize', function(e){
window.resizeEvt;
$(window).resize(function(){
clearTimeout(window.resizeEvt);
window.resizeEvt = setTimeout(function(){
//code to do after window is resized
}, 250);
});
});
There are two issues here:
To overcome this, disable the button after the JavaScript onclick
event. An easy way to do this is to use setTimeout
as suggested by this answer.
Also, the OnClientClick
code runs even if ASP.NET validation fails, so it's probably a good idea to add a check for Page_IsValid
. This ensures that the button will not be disabled if validation fails.
OnClientClick="(function(button) { setTimeout(function () { if (Page_IsValid) button.disabled = true; }, 0); })(this);"
It's neater to put all of this JavaScript code in its own function as the question shows:
OnClientClick="disable(this);"
function disable(button) {
setTimeout(function () {
if (Page_IsValid)
button.disabled = true;
}, 0);
}
To overcome this, disable the button on the server side. For example, in the OnClick
event handler:
OnClick="Button1_Click"
protected void Button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
((Button)sender).Enabled = false;
}
Lastly, keep in mind that preventing duplicate button presses doesn't prevent two different users from submitting the same data at the same time. Make sure to account for that on the server side.
If you're using a module, that means you're bringing all the methods into your class.
If you extend
a class with a module, that means you're "bringing in" the module's methods as class methods.
If you include
a class with a module, that means you're "bringing in" the module's methods as instance methods.
EX:
module A
def say
puts "this is module A"
end
end
class B
include A
end
class C
extend A
end
B.say
=> undefined method 'say' for B:Class
B.new.say
=> this is module A
C.say
=> this is module A
C.new.say
=> undefined method 'say' for C:Class
Is this what you are looking for?
https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/place/search/xml?location=49.260691,-123.137784&radius=500&sensor=false&key=*PlacesAPIKey*&types=restaurant
types is optional
You can alternatively just run pip3 install packagename
instead of pip
,
I presume you mean via SSMS?
For a SQL Server Instance:
SELECT SERVERPROPERTY('productversion'),
SERVERPROPERTY ('productlevel'),
SERVERPROPERTY ('edition')
For a SQL Server Installation:
Select @@Version
I had this problem with this exact activity.
You can't start com.fsck.k9.activity.MessageList from an external activity.
I solved it with:
Intent LaunchK9 = getPackageManager().getLaunchIntentForPackage("com.fsck.k9");
this.startActivity(LaunchK9);
Using http://developer.android.com/reference/android/content/pm/PackageManager.html
Declarations of public functions go in header files, yes, but definitions are absolutely valid in headers as well! You may declare the definition as static (only 1 copy allowed for the entire program) if you are defining things in a header for utility functions that you don't want to have to define again in each c file. I.E. defining an enum and a static function to translate the enum to a string. Then you won't have to rewrite the enum to string translator for each .c file that includes the header. :)
$('td:first-child')
will return a collection of the elements that you want.
var text = $('td:first-child').map(function() {
return $(this).html();
}).get();
With Swift 5 and iOS 12.2, you should try the following code in order to solve your problem:
CustomCell.swift
import UIKit
class CustomCell: UITableViewCell {
// Link those IBOutlets with the UILabels in your .XIB file
@IBOutlet weak var middleLabel: UILabel!
@IBOutlet weak var leftLabel: UILabel!
@IBOutlet weak var rightLabel: UILabel!
}
TableViewController.swift
import UIKit
class TableViewController: UITableViewController {
let items = ["Item 1", "Item2", "Item3", "Item4"]
override func viewDidLoad() {
super.viewDidLoad()
tableView.register(UINib(nibName: "CustomCell", bundle: nil), forCellReuseIdentifier: "CustomCell")
}
// MARK: - UITableViewDataSource
override func tableView(_ tableView: UITableView, numberOfRowsInSection section: Int) -> Int {
return items.count
}
override func tableView(_ tableView: UITableView, cellForRowAt indexPath: IndexPath) -> UITableViewCell {
let cell = tableView.dequeueReusableCell(withIdentifier: "CustomCell", for: indexPath) as! CustomCell
cell.middleLabel.text = items[indexPath.row]
cell.leftLabel.text = items[indexPath.row]
cell.rightLabel.text = items[indexPath.row]
return cell
}
}
The image below shows a set of constraints that work with the provided code without any constraints ambiguity message from Xcode:
try this command
$ git push -f -u origin <name of branch>
i.e $ git push -f -u origin master
You can use this code to add placeholder attr for every TextInput field in you form. Text for placeholders will be taken from model field labels.
class PlaceholderDemoForm(forms.ModelForm):
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
super(PlaceholderDemoForm, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
for field_name in self.fields:
field = self.fields.get(field_name)
if field:
if type(field.widget) in (forms.TextInput, forms.DateInput):
field.widget = forms.TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': field.label})
class Meta:
model = DemoModel
You can write in this way
GO
ALTER TABLE Table_name ADD
column_name decimal(18, 2) NOT NULL CONSTRAINT Constant_name DEFAULT 0
GO
ALTER TABLE Table_name SET (LOCK_ESCALATION = TABLE)
GO
COMMIT
Your can do it like this in short hands.
int[,] values=new int[2,3]{{2,4,5},{4,5,2}};
for (int i = 0; i < values.GetLength(0); i++)
{
for (int k = 0; k < values.GetLength(1); k++) {
Console.Write(values[i,k]);
}
Console.WriteLine();
}
With jQuery
The event.which property normalizes event.keyCode and event.charCode. It is recommended to watch event.which for keyboard key input.
http://api.jquery.com/event.which/
jQuery('#input').on('keydown', function(e) {
if( e.which == 8 || e.which == 46 ) return false;
});
In windows 10 you can recover in this way, there is no .snt file
In case anyone wants an alternative method...
If it is the last subdirectory in the path, you can use this one-liner:
cd "c:\directory\subdirectory\filename.exe\..\.." && dir /ad /b /s
This would return the following:
c:\directory\subdirectory
The .... drops back to the previous directory. /ad shows only directories /b is a bare format listing /s includes all subdirectories. This is used to get the full path of the directory to print.
Use fetch
method inside componentDidMount
to update state:
componentDidMount(){
fetch('https://randomuser.me/api/')
.then(({ results }) => this.setState({ person: results }));
}
How do you send the message?
The classes in the System.Net.Mail
namespace (which is probably what you should use) has full support for authentication, either specified in Web.config, or using the SmtpClient.Credentials
property.
I think I may have found a simpler way, that nobody mentioned.
A MySQL DATETIME column can be converted to a unix timestamp through:
SELECT unix_timestamp(my_datetime_column) as stamp ...
We can make a new JavaScript Date object by using the constructor that requires milliseconds since the epoch. The unix_timestamp function returns seconds since the epoch, so we need to multiply by 1000:
SELECT unix_timestamp(my_datetime_column) * 1000 as stamp ...
The resulting value can be used directly to instantiate a correct Javascript Date object:
var myDate = new Date(<?=$row['stamp']?>);
Hope this helps.
Instead of parsing it manually it's better to use pathinfo function:
$path_parts = pathinfo($value);
$extension = strtolower($path_parts['extension']);
$fileName = $path_parts['filename'];
I have use this method
function getString()
{
var vars = [], hash;
var hashes = window.location.href.slice(window.location.href.indexOf('?') + 1).split('&');
for(var i = 0; i < hashes.length; i++)
{
hash = hashes[i].split('=');
vars.push(hash[0]);
vars[hash[0]] = hash[1];
}
return vars;
}
var buisnessArea = getString();
Give the UL an ID and use the getElementById function:
<html>
<body>
<script>
function toggledisplay(elementID)
{
(function(style) {
style.display = style.display === 'none' ? '' : 'none';
})(document.getElementById(elementID).style);
}
</script>
<a href="#" title="Show Tags" onClick="toggledisplay('changethis');">Show All Tags</a>
<ul class="subforums" id="changethis" style="overflow-x: visible; overflow-y: visible; ">
<li>Item 1</li>
<li>Item 2</li>
<li>Item 3</li>
</ul>
</body>
</html>
Or you can use
<select [(ngModel)]="Answers[''+question.Name+'']" ng-options="option for option in question.Options">
</select>
Here's how I ended up doing this:
<div id="divform">
<form action="/system/wpacert" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data" name="certform">
<div>Certificate 1: <input type="file" name="cert1"/></div>
<div>Certificate 2: <input type="file" name="cert2"/></div>
<div><input type="button" value="Upload" onclick="closeSelf();"/></div>
</form>
</div>
<div id="closelink" style="display:none">
<a href="javascript:window.close()">Click Here to Close this Page</a>
</div>
function closeSelf(){
document.forms['certform'].submit();
hide(document.getElementById('divform'));
unHide(document.getElementById('closelink'));
}
Where hide()
and unhide()
set the style.display
to 'none'
and 'block'
respectively.
Not exactly what I had in mind, but this will have to do for the time being. Works on IE, Safari, FF and Chrome.
What I do is take common tasks like centering or floating and make CSS classes out of them. When I do that I can use them throughout any of the pages. I can also call as many as I want on the same element.
.text_center {text-align: center;}
.center {margin: auto 0px;}
.float_left {float: left;}
Now I can use them in my HTML code to perform simple tasks.
<p class="text_center">Some Text</p>
well if you really need a curl equivalent you can try node-curl
npm install node-curl
you will probably need to add libcurl4-gnutls-dev
.
Because '' is not a valid Javascript/JSON object. An empty object would be '{}'
For reference: https://developer.mozilla.org/en/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/JSON/parse
I Just installed Mountain Lion and had the same problem I use FLashBuilder (which is 32bit) and MountainLion is 64bit, which means by default MacPorts installs everything as 64bit. The version of subclipse I use is 1.8 As i had already installed Subversion and JavaHLBindings I just ran this command:
sudo port upgrade --enforce-variants active +universal
This made mac ports go through everything already installed and also install the 32bit version.
I then restarted FlashBuilder and it no longer showed any JavaHL errors.
Fileformat.info is a pretty good reference for this stuff. In your case, it's already in hex, so the hex value is f066
. So you'd do:
content: "\f066";
This can be done using list comprehensions as defined in PEP 202
[w.strip() for w in ['this\n', 'is\n', 'a\n', 'list\n', 'of\n', 'words\n']]
For this specific conversion we can also use a format string.
$new = vsprintf('%3$s-%2$s-%1$s', explode('-', $old));
Obviously this won't work for many other date format conversions, but since we're just rearranging substrings in this case, this is another possible way to do it.
Use a different character and replace the slashes server side
e.g. Drupal.org uses %21 (the excalamation mark character !) to represent the slash in a url parameter.
Both of the links below work:
https://api.drupal.org/api/drupal/includes%21common.inc/7
https://api.drupal.org/api/drupal/includes!common.inc/7
If you're worried that the character may clash with a character in the parameter then use a combination of characters.
So your url would be http://project_name/browse_by_exam/type/tutor_search/keyword/one_-!two/new_search/1/search_exam/0/search_subject/0
change it out with js and convert it back to a slash server side.
It will probably be best to use UICollectionViewDelegate methods: (Swift 3)
// Called before the cell is displayed
func collectionView(_ collectionView: UICollectionView, willDisplay cell: UICollectionViewCell, forItemAt indexPath: IndexPath) {
print(indexPath.row)
}
// Called when the cell is displayed
func collectionView(_ collectionView: UICollectionView, didEndDisplaying cell: UICollectionViewCell, forItemAt indexPath: IndexPath) {
print(indexPath.row)
}
This is an IndexError
in python, which means that we're trying to access an index which isn't there in the tensor. Below is a very simple example to understand this error.
# create an empty array of dimension `0`
In [14]: arr = np.array([], dtype=np.int64)
# check its shape
In [15]: arr.shape
Out[15]: (0,)
with this array arr
in place, if we now try to assign any value to some index, for example to the index 0
as in the case below
In [16]: arr[0] = 23
Then, we will get an IndexError
, as below:
IndexError Traceback (most recent call last) <ipython-input-16-0891244a3c59> in <module> ----> 1 arr[0] = 23 IndexError: index 0 is out of bounds for axis 0 with size 0
The reason is that we are trying to access an index (here at 0th position), which is not there (i.e. it doesn't exist because we have an array of size 0
).
In [19]: arr.size * arr.itemsize
Out[19]: 0
So, in essence, such an array is useless and cannot be used for storing anything. Thus, in your code, you've to follow the traceback and look for the place where you're creating an array/tensor of size 0
and fix that.
Angular JS provide this functionality in ng-class Directive. In which you can put condition and also assign conditional class. You can achieve this in two different ways.
<div ng-class="{0:'one', 1:'two',2:'three'}[status]"></div>
In this code class will be apply according to value of status value
if status value is 0 then apply class one
if status value is 1 then apply class two
if status value is 2 then apply class three
<div ng-class="{1:'test_yes', 0:'test_no'}[status]"></div>
In which class will be apply by value of status
if status value is 1 or true then it will add class test_yes
if status value is 0 or false then it will add class test_no
<input type="button" value="..." onClick="fbLikeDump(); WriteCookie();" />
I had a similar situation. Here's what I was able to do to get a date range in a "where" clause (a modification of marc_s's answer):
where cast(replace(foo.TestDate, '-', '') as datetime)
between cast('20110901' as datetime) and
cast('20510531' as datetime)
Hope that helps...
If you join the facilities table twice you will get what you are after:
select u.*
from room u
JOIN facilities_r fu1 on fu1.id_uc = u.id_uc and fu1.id_fu = '4'
JOIN facilities_r fu2 on fu2.id_uc = u.id_uc and fu2.id_fu = '3'
where 1 and vizibility='1'
group by id_uc
order by u_premium desc, id_uc desc
This,
public enum MySingleton {
INSTANCE;
}
has an implicit empty constructor. Make it explicit instead,
public enum MySingleton {
INSTANCE;
private MySingleton() {
System.out.println("Here");
}
}
If you then added another class with a main()
method like
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println(MySingleton.INSTANCE);
}
You would see
Here
INSTANCE
enum
fields are compile time constants, but they are instances of their enum
type. And, they're constructed when the enum type is referenced for the first time.
$().ready(function(){_x000D_
_x000D_
$('div.alert').delay(1500);_x000D_
$('div.alert').hide(1000);_x000D_
});
_x000D_
div.alert{_x000D_
color: green;_x000D_
background-color: rgb(50,200,50, .5);_x000D_
padding: 10px;_x000D_
text-align: center;_x000D_
}
_x000D_
<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/2.1.1/jquery.min.js"></script>_x000D_
_x000D_
<div class="alert"><p>Inserted Successfully . . .</p></div>
_x000D_
solution in my case
var spawn = require('child_process').spawn;
const isWindows = /^win/.test(process.platform);
spawn(isWindows ? 'twitter-proxy.cmd' : 'twitter-proxy');
spawn(isWindows ? 'http-server.cmd' : 'http-server');
Alongside nmaier's answer, as he said you'll always receive code 1006. However, if you were to somehow theoretically receive other codes, here is code to display the results (via RFC6455).
var websocket;
if ("WebSocket" in window)
{
websocket = new WebSocket("ws://yourDomainNameHere.org/");
websocket.onopen = function (event) {
$("#thingsThatHappened").html($("#thingsThatHappened").html() + "<br />" + "The connection was opened");
};
websocket.onclose = function (event) {
var reason;
alert(event.code);
// See http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6455#section-7.4.1
if (event.code == 1000)
reason = "Normal closure, meaning that the purpose for which the connection was established has been fulfilled.";
else if(event.code == 1001)
reason = "An endpoint is \"going away\", such as a server going down or a browser having navigated away from a page.";
else if(event.code == 1002)
reason = "An endpoint is terminating the connection due to a protocol error";
else if(event.code == 1003)
reason = "An endpoint is terminating the connection because it has received a type of data it cannot accept (e.g., an endpoint that understands only text data MAY send this if it receives a binary message).";
else if(event.code == 1004)
reason = "Reserved. The specific meaning might be defined in the future.";
else if(event.code == 1005)
reason = "No status code was actually present.";
else if(event.code == 1006)
reason = "The connection was closed abnormally, e.g., without sending or receiving a Close control frame";
else if(event.code == 1007)
reason = "An endpoint is terminating the connection because it has received data within a message that was not consistent with the type of the message (e.g., non-UTF-8 [http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3629] data within a text message).";
else if(event.code == 1008)
reason = "An endpoint is terminating the connection because it has received a message that \"violates its policy\". This reason is given either if there is no other sutible reason, or if there is a need to hide specific details about the policy.";
else if(event.code == 1009)
reason = "An endpoint is terminating the connection because it has received a message that is too big for it to process.";
else if(event.code == 1010) // Note that this status code is not used by the server, because it can fail the WebSocket handshake instead.
reason = "An endpoint (client) is terminating the connection because it has expected the server to negotiate one or more extension, but the server didn't return them in the response message of the WebSocket handshake. <br /> Specifically, the extensions that are needed are: " + event.reason;
else if(event.code == 1011)
reason = "A server is terminating the connection because it encountered an unexpected condition that prevented it from fulfilling the request.";
else if(event.code == 1015)
reason = "The connection was closed due to a failure to perform a TLS handshake (e.g., the server certificate can't be verified).";
else
reason = "Unknown reason";
$("#thingsThatHappened").html($("#thingsThatHappened").html() + "<br />" + "The connection was closed for reason: " + reason);
};
websocket.onmessage = function (event) {
$("#thingsThatHappened").html($("#thingsThatHappened").html() + "<br />" + "New message arrived: " + event.data);
};
websocket.onerror = function (event) {
$("#thingsThatHappened").html($("#thingsThatHappened").html() + "<br />" + "There was an error with your websocket.");
};
}
else
{
alert("Websocket is not supported by your browser");
return;
}
websocket.send("Yo wazzup");
websocket.close();
Use calendar.monthrange
:
>>> from calendar import monthrange
>>> monthrange(2011, 2)
(1, 28)
Just to be clear, monthrange
supports leap years as well:
>>> from calendar import monthrange
>>> monthrange(2012, 2)
(2, 29)
As @mikhail-pyrev mentions in a comment:
First number is weekday of first day of the month, second number is number of days in said month.
public static void main(String k[])
{
System.out.println ("NUMBER OF VALUES ="+k.length);
int arrymy[]=new int[k.length];
for (int i = 0; i < k.length; i++)
{
int newGues = Integer.parseInt(k[i]);
arrymy[i] = newGues;
}
}
Add authorization header and click pencil button to enter username and passwords
Code-first appears to be the rising star. I had a quick look at Ruby on Rails, and their standard is code-first, with database migrations.
If you are building an MVC3 application, I believe Code first has the following advantages:
Update
The question also asks for a comparison of code-first to EDMX model/db-first. Code-first can be used for both of these approaches too:
There is a way that's pretty memory inefficient.
single file:
import hashlib
def file_as_bytes(file):
with file:
return file.read()
print hashlib.md5(file_as_bytes(open(full_path, 'rb'))).hexdigest()
list of files:
[(fname, hashlib.md5(file_as_bytes(open(fname, 'rb'))).digest()) for fname in fnamelst]
Recall though, that MD5 is known broken and should not be used for any purpose since vulnerability analysis can be really tricky, and analyzing any possible future use your code might be put to for security issues is impossible. IMHO, it should be flat out removed from the library so everybody who uses it is forced to update. So, here's what you should do instead:
[(fname, hashlib.sha256(file_as_bytes(open(fname, 'rb'))).digest()) for fname in fnamelst]
If you only want 128 bits worth of digest you can do .digest()[:16]
.
This will give you a list of tuples, each tuple containing the name of its file and its hash.
Again I strongly question your use of MD5. You should be at least using SHA1, and given recent flaws discovered in SHA1, probably not even that. Some people think that as long as you're not using MD5 for 'cryptographic' purposes, you're fine. But stuff has a tendency to end up being broader in scope than you initially expect, and your casual vulnerability analysis may prove completely flawed. It's best to just get in the habit of using the right algorithm out of the gate. It's just typing a different bunch of letters is all. It's not that hard.
Here is a way that is more complex, but memory efficient:
import hashlib
def hash_bytestr_iter(bytesiter, hasher, ashexstr=False):
for block in bytesiter:
hasher.update(block)
return hasher.hexdigest() if ashexstr else hasher.digest()
def file_as_blockiter(afile, blocksize=65536):
with afile:
block = afile.read(blocksize)
while len(block) > 0:
yield block
block = afile.read(blocksize)
[(fname, hash_bytestr_iter(file_as_blockiter(open(fname, 'rb')), hashlib.md5()))
for fname in fnamelst]
And, again, since MD5 is broken and should not really ever be used anymore:
[(fname, hash_bytestr_iter(file_as_blockiter(open(fname, 'rb')), hashlib.sha256()))
for fname in fnamelst]
Again, you can put [:16]
after the call to hash_bytestr_iter(...)
if you only want 128 bits worth of digest.
You need to add a new service for DBcontext
in the startup
Default
services.AddDbContext<ApplicationDbContext>(options =>
options.UseSqlServer(
Configuration.GetConnectionString("DefaultConnection")));
Add this
services.AddDbContext<NewDBContext>(options =>
options.UseSqlServer(
Configuration.GetConnectionString("NewConnection")));
A simpler and lighter version that doesn't use reflection:
abstract class enum {
private function __construct() {}
static function has($const) {
$name = get_called_class();
return defined("$name::$const");
}
static function value($const) {
$name = get_called_class();
return defined("$name::$const")? constant("$name::$const") : false;
}
}
Usage:
class requestFormat extends enum { const HTML = 1; const JSON = 2; const XML = 3; const FORM = 4; }
echo requestFormat::value('JSON'); // 2
echo requestFormat::has('JSON'); // true
This gives the advantage of constants and also allows for checking the validity of them but it lacks other fancy functionality provided by more complex solutions given is this question, the more obvious the inability of checking the reverse of a value (in the example above, you can't check if '2' is a valid value)
You need to make Tomcat listen to 192.168.1.100 address also.
If you want it to listen to all interfaces (IP-s) just remove "address=" from Connector string in your configuration file and restart Tomcat.
Or just use your IP to listen to that address address=192.168.1.100 in the Connector string
It's probably to late but i think this code work...
$blocks.each(function(i, elm) {
$(elm).fadeOut(200, function() {
$(elm).remove();
});
}).promise().done( function(){ alert("All was done"); } );
The basic difference between the two is that-
android:gravity is used for child elements of the view.
android:layout_gravity is used for this element with respect to parent view.
For those that simply want to encode/decode individual base64 digits:
public static int DecodeBase64Digit(char digit, string digit62 = "+-.~", string digit63 = "/_,")
{
if (digit >= 'A' && digit <= 'Z') return digit - 'A';
if (digit >= 'a' && digit <= 'z') return digit + (26 - 'a');
if (digit >= '0' && digit <= '9') return digit + (52 - '0');
if (digit62.IndexOf(digit) > -1) return 62;
if (digit63.IndexOf(digit) > -1) return 63;
return -1;
}
public static char EncodeBase64Digit(int digit, char digit62 = '+', char digit63 = '/')
{
digit &= 63;
if (digit < 52)
return (char)(digit < 26 ? digit + 'A' : digit + ('a' - 26));
else if (digit < 62)
return (char)(digit + ('0' - 52));
else
return digit == 62 ? digit62 : digit63;
}
There are various versions of Base64 that disagree about what to use for digits 62 and 63, so DecodeBase64Digit
can tolerate several of these.
Another way is to stick it into the command section of the Deployment:
...
command: [ "echo", "
option = value\n
other_option = value\n
" ]
...
Alternatively, to make it more ConfigMap-like, use an additional Deployment that will just host that config in the command
section and execute kubectl create
on it while adding an unique 'version' to its name (like calculating a hash of the content) and modifying all the deployments that use that config:
...
command: [ "/usr/sbin/kubectl-apply-config.sh", "
option = value\n
other_option = value\n
" ]
...
I'll probably post kubectl-apply-config.sh
if it ends up working.
(don't do that; it looks too bad)
From what I understand, you struggle with what to put into your template.
I'll show an example:
<ul>
{% for guest in guests %}
<li>{{ guest.name }} <a href="{{ path('your_delete_route_name',{'id': guest.id}) }}">[[DELETE]]</a></li>
{% endfor %}
</ul>
Now what happens is it iterates over every object within guests (you'll have to rename this if your object collection is named otherwise!), shows the name and places the correct link. The route name might be different.
I also got the same issue and not able to create a jar, and I found that in Windows-->Prefernces-->Java-->installed JREs By default JRE was added to the build path of newly created java project so just changed it to your prefered JDK.
Note that *args/**kwargs is part of function-calling syntax, and not really an operator. This has a particular side effect that I ran into, which is that you can't use *args expansion with the print statement, since print is not a function.
This seems reasonable:
def myprint(*args):
print *args
Unfortunately it doesn't compile (syntax error).
This compiles:
def myprint(*args):
print args
But prints the arguments as a tuple, which isn't what we want.
This is the solution I settled on:
def myprint(*args):
for arg in args:
print arg,
print
If you built Python from source, this is just a matter of dependencies: since you miss OpenSSL lib installed, python silently fails installing the _ssl module. You can see it in the final report of the make command:
Python build finished, but the necessary bits to build these modules were not found:
_bsddb _sqlite3 _ssl
_tkinter bsddb185 dbm
dl gdbm imageop
sunaudiodev
To find the necessary bits, look in setup.py in detect_modules() for the module's name.
Installing OpenSSL lib in any of the standard lib paths (/usr/lib
, /usr/local/lib
...) should do the trick. Anyway this is how I did :-)
Not really an answer to the specific question, but if there are others, like me, who are getting this error in fastAPI and end up here:
It is probably because your route response has a value that can't be JSON serialised by jsonable_encoder
. For me it was WKBElement: https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/issues/2366
Like in the issue, I ended up just removing the value from the output.
If you wish to accept dates using American ordering (month, date, year) for European style formats (using dash or period as day, month, year) while still accepting other formats, you can extend the DateTime class:
/**
* Quietly convert European format to American format
*
* Accepts m-d-Y, m-d-y, m.d.Y, m.d.y, Y-m-d, Y.m.d
* as well as all other built-in formats
*
*/
class CustomDateTime extends DateTime
{
public function __construct(string $time="now", DateTimeZone $timezone = null)
{
// convert m-d-y or m.d.y to m/d/y to avoid PHP parsing as d-m-Y (substr avoids microtime error)
$time = str_replace(['-','.'], '/', substr($time, 0, 10)) . substr($time, 10 );
parent::__construct($time, $timezone);
}
}
// usage:
$date = new CustomDateTime('7-24-2019');
print $date->format('Y-m-d');
// => '2019-07-24'
Or, you can make a function to accept m-d-Y and output Y-m-d:
/**
* Accept dates in various m, d, y formats and return as Y-m-d
*
* Changes PHP's default behaviour for dates with dashes or dots.
* Accepts:
* m-d-y, m-d-Y, Y-m-d,
* m.d.y, m.d.Y, Y.m.d,
* m/d/y, m/d/Y, Y/m/d,
* ... and all other formats natively supported
*
* Unsupported formats or invalid dates will generate an Exception
*
* @see https://www.php.net/manual/en/datetime.formats.date.php PHP formats supported
* @param string $d various representations of date
* @return string Y-m-d or '----' for null or blank
*/
function asYmd($d) {
if(is_null($d) || $d=='') { return '----'; }
// convert m-d-y or m.d.y to m/d/y to avoid PHP parsing as d-m-Y
$d = str_replace(['-','.'], '/', $d);
return (new DateTime($d))->format('Y-m-d');
}
// usage:
<?= asYmd('7-24-2019') ?>
// or
<?php echo asYmd('7-24-2019'); ?>
I was also facing the same problem with gradle. Now I have solved by installing the highlighted in red. To navigate on this page Open Android studio > Tool > Android > SDK Manager > Appearance & Behavior > System Settings > Android SDK > SDK Tools (from tab options) > Show Package details(check box on the right bottom corner). After installing these just refresh the gradle everything will be resolved.
Just to add a very simple solution, that was good enough for me, and I think addresses the OP's issue. I used the solution in this answer except with a regular Background
value instead of an image.
<Style x:Key="SomeButtonStyle" TargetType="Button">
<Setter Property="Background" Value="Transparent" />
<Setter Property="Template">
<Setter.Value>
<ControlTemplate TargetType="Button">
<Grid Background="{TemplateBinding Background}">
<ContentPresenter />
</Grid>
</ControlTemplate>
</Setter.Value>
</Setter>
</Style>
No re-templating beyond forcing the Background
to always be the Transparent
background from the templated button - mouseover no longer affects the background once this is done. Obviously replace Transparent
with any preferred value.
Please use an inner query inside of the in
-clause:
select col1, col2, col3... from table1
where id in (select id from table2 where conditions...)
string(byteslice) will convert byte slice to string, just know that it's not only simply type conversion, but also memory copy.
The fastest way to do this is to use the api:
bR = 0xFF;
RtlFillMemory(pBuffer, nFileLen, bR);
using a pointer to a buffer, the length to write, and the encoded byte. I think the fastest way to do it in managed code (much slower), is to create a small block of initialized bytes, then use Buffer.Blockcopy to write them to the byte array in a loop. I threw this together but haven't tested it, but you get the idea:
long size = GetFileSize(FileName);
// zero byte
const int blocksize = 1024;
// 1's array
byte[] ntemp = new byte[blocksize];
byte[] nbyte = new byte[size];
// init 1's array
for (int i = 0; i < blocksize; i++)
ntemp[i] = 0xff;
// get dimensions
int blocks = (int)(size / blocksize);
int remainder = (int)(size - (blocks * blocksize));
int count = 0;
// copy to the buffer
do
{
Buffer.BlockCopy(ntemp, 0, nbyte, blocksize * count, blocksize);
count++;
} while (count < blocks);
// copy remaining bytes
Buffer.BlockCopy(ntemp, 0, nbyte, blocksize * count, remainder);
Nice link on:
PHP Single File Uploading with vary basic explanation.
PHP file uploading with the Validation
PHP Multiple Files Upload With Validation Click here to download source code
How To Upload Files In PHP And Store In MySql Database (Click here to download source code)
extract($_POST);
$error=array();
$extension=array("jpeg","jpg","png","gif");
foreach($_FILES["files"]["tmp_name"] as $key=>$tmp_name)
{
$file_name=$_FILES["files"]["name"][$key];
$file_tmp=$_FILES["files"]["tmp_name"][$key];
$ext=pathinfo($file_name,PATHINFO_EXTENSION);
if(in_array($ext,$extension))
{
if(!file_exists("photo_gallery/".$txtGalleryName."/".$file_name))
{
move_uploaded_file($file_tmp=$_FILES["files"]["tmp_name"][$key],"photo_gallery/".$txtGalleryName."/".$file_name);
}
else
{
$filename=basename($file_name,$ext);
$newFileName=$filename.time().".".$ext;
move_uploaded_file($file_tmp=$_FILES["files"]["tmp_name"][$key],"photo_gallery/".$txtGalleryName."/".$newFileName);
}
}
else
{
array_push($error,"$file_name, ");
}
}
and you must check your HTML code
<form action="create_photo_gallery.php" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
<table width="100%">
<tr>
<td>Select Photo (one or multiple):</td>
<td><input type="file" name="files[]" multiple/></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" align="center">Note: Supported image format: .jpeg, .jpg, .png, .gif</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" align="center"><input type="submit" value="Create Gallery" id="selectedButton"/></td>
</tr>
</table>
</form>
Nice link on:
PHP Single File Uploading with vary basic explanation.
PHP file uploading with the Validation
PHP Multiple Files Upload With Validation Click here to download source code
How To Upload Files In PHP And Store In MySql Database (Click here to download source code)
The Simplest way to do this is:
$("#Instrument").data('kendoDropDownList').value("A value");
Here is the JSFiddle example.
The easisest way to get a posted json string, for example, is to read the contents of 'php://input' and then decode it. For example i had a simple Zend route:
'save-json' => array(
'type' => 'Zend\Mvc\Router\Http\Segment',
'options' => array(
'route' => '/save-json/',
'defaults' => array(
'controller' => 'CDB\Controller\Index',
'action' => 'save-json',
),
),
),
and i wanted to post data to it using Angular's $http.post. The post was fine but the retrive method in Zend
$this->params()->fromPost('paramname');
didn't get anything in this case. So my solution was, after trying all kinds of methods like $_POST and the other methods stated above, to read from 'php://':
$content = file_get_contents('php://input');
print_r(json_decode($content));
I got my json array in the end. Hope this helps.
You mean something like this?
<?php
$jsonurl = "http://search.twitter.com/trends.json";
$json = file_get_contents($jsonurl,0,null,null);
$json_output = json_decode($json);
foreach ( $json_output->trends as $trend )
{
echo "{$trend->name}\n";
}
In my case, in Eclipse menu Run → Debug Configurations.
In the JRE tab selecting the JDK instead of the JRE solved the problem.
This will do it recursively for you:
find /path/to/base/dir/* -type d -ctime +10 -exec rm -rf {} \;
Explanation:
find
: the unix command for finding files / directories / links etc./path/to/base/dir
: the directory to start your search in.-type d
: only find directories-ctime +10
: only consider the ones with modification time older than 10 days-exec ... \;
: for each such result found, do the following command in ...
rm -rf {}
: recursively force remove the directory; the {}
part is where the find result gets substituted into from the previous part.Alternatively, use:
find /path/to/base/dir/* -type d -ctime +10 | xargs rm -rf
Which is a bit more efficient, because it amounts to:
rm -rf dir1 dir2 dir3 ...
as opposed to:
rm -rf dir1; rm -rf dir2; rm -rf dir3; ...
as in the -exec
method.
With modern versions of find
, you can replace the ;
with +
and it will do the equivalent of the xargs
call for you, passing as many files as will fit on each exec system call:
find . -type d -ctime +10 -exec rm -rf {} +
You can enable the Android SDK installer to run on Windows x64 with JDK x64 installed, by exporting HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\JavaSoft\Java Development Kit
registry key, adding Wow6432Node
to all registry keys in the exported file and reimporting it back (should show in regedit as HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Wow6432Node\JavaSoft\Java Development Kit
as well).
Note I have both x64 and x86 JRE installed. If you have only x64 JRE, you might have to export the whole HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\JavaSoft
registry key and reimport it under Wow6432Node. Although, I believe that the Android SDK installer just checks the JDK registry key.
None of these answers properly handle tabs, newlines, carriage returns, and some don't handle extended ASCII and unicode.
This will KEEP tabs & newlines, but remove control characters and anything out of the ASCII set. Click "Run this code snippet" button to test. There is some new javascript coming down the pipe so in the future (2020+?) you may have to do \u{FFFFF}
but not yet
console.log("line 1\nline2 \n\ttabbed\nF??^?¯?^??????????????l????~¨??????_??????a?????"????????????v?¯?????i????o?????????????????????".replace(/[\x00-\x08\x0E-\x1F\x7F-\uFFFF]/g, ''))
_x000D_
To get the exact file name from the URI, I would use this method:
<?php
$file1 =basename("http://localhost/eFEIS/agency_application_form.php?formid=1&task=edit") ;
//basename($_SERVER['REQUEST_URI']); // Or use this to get the URI dynamically.
echo $basename = substr($file1, 0, strpos($file1, '?'));
?>
Sometimes you need to see version of mongodb after making a connection from your project/application/code. In this case you can follow like this:
mongoose.connect(
encodeURI(DB_URL), {
keepAlive: true
},
(err) => {
if (err) {
console.log(err)
}else{
const con = new mongoose.mongo.Admin(mongoose.connection.db)
con.buildInfo( (err, db) => {
if(err){
throw err
}
// see the db version
console.log(db.version)
})
}
}
)
Hope this will be helpful for someone.
I am assuming you are on linux
Include "byteswap.h"
& Use int32_t bswap_32(int32_t argument);
It is logical view, In actual see, /usr/include/byteswap.h
If you're using T-SQL
, the only thing wrong with your code is that you used braces {}
instead of parentheses ()
.
PS: Both IDENTITY
and PRIMARY KEY
imply NOT NULL
, so you can omit that if you wish.
As rcs stated, cex
will do the job in base graphics package. I reckon that you're not willing to do your graph in ggplot2
but if you do, there's a size
aesthetic attribute, that you can easily control (ggplot2
has user-friendly function arguments: instead of typing cex
(character expansion), in ggplot2
you can type e.g. size = 2
and you'll get 2mm point).
Here's the example:
### base graphics ###
plot(mpg ~ hp, data = mtcars, pch = 16, cex = .9)
### ggplot2 ###
# with qplot()
qplot(mpg, hp, data = mtcars, size = I(2))
# or with ggplot() + geom_point()
ggplot(mtcars, aes(mpg, hp), size = 2) + geom_point()
# or another solution:
ggplot(mtcars, aes(mpg, hp)) + geom_point(size = 2)
I had the following configuration:
nginx
)And applied permissions correctly as @bgies suggested in the accepted answer. The problem in my case was the php-fpm's configured running user and group which was originally apache
.
If you're using NGINX with php-fpm, you should open php-fpm's config file:
nano /etc/php-fpm.d/www.config
And replace user
and group
options' value with one NGINX is configured to work with; in my case, both were nginx
:
...
; Unix user/group of processes
; Note: The user is mandatory. If the group is not set, the default user's group
; will be used.
; RPM: apache Choosed to be able to access some dir as httpd
user = nginx
; RPM: Keep a group allowed to write in log dir.
group = nginx
...
Save it and restart nginx and php-fpm services.
Make sure to balance the risk that fresh statistics cause undesirable changes to query plans against the risk that stale statistics can themselves cause query plans to change.
Imagine you have a bug database with a table ISSUE and a column CREATE_DATE where the values in the column increase more or less monotonically. Now, assume that there is a histogram on this column that tells Oracle that the values for this column are uniformly distributed between January 1, 2008 and September 17, 2008. This makes it possible for the optimizer to reasonably estimate the number of rows that would be returned if you were looking for all issues created last week (i.e. September 7 - 13). If the application continues to be used and the statistics are never updated, though, this histogram will be less and less accurate. So the optimizer will expect queries for "issues created last week" to be less and less accurate over time and may eventually cause Oracle to change the query plan negatively.
I have just compile it and it compiles fine without the implicit import, probably you're seeing a stale cache or something of your IDE.
Have you tried compiling from the command line?
I have the exact same version:
Probably you're thinking the warning is an error.
UPDATE
It looks like you have a Arrays.class
file in the directory where you're trying to compile ( probably created before ). That's why the explicit import solves the problem. Try copying your source code to a clean new directory and try again. You'll see there is no error this time. Or, clean up your working directory and remove the Arrays.class
If you're using libraries that look up a large amount of configation behind-the-scenes, such as WCF, you might consider doing this:
AppDomain.CurrentDomain.SetData("APP_CONFIG_FILE", "MyWcfClientWrapper.dll.config");
Or in PowerShell:
[AppDomain]::CurrentDomain.SetData("APP_CONFIG_FILE", "MyWcfClientWrapper.dll.config")
IMO this technique is a code smell and is really only suitable for use in ad hoc scripting. If you find yourself wanting to do this in production code, maybe it's time for an architectural review.
The following is NOT recommended:
As a technical curiosity, here's a variation on the theme. You can create a static constructor inside one of the classes housed in the DLL, and make this call from there. I wouldn't recommend doing this except as a last resort.
For completeness, in Numpy there are four maximum related functions. They fall into two different categories:
np.amax/np.max
, np.nanmax
: for single array order statisticsnp.maximum
, np.fmax
: for element-wise comparison of two arraysNaNs propagator np.amax/np.max
and its NaN ignorant counterpart np.nanmax
.
np.max
is just an alias of np.amax
, so they are considered as one function.
>>> np.max.__name__
'amax'
>>> np.max is np.amax
True
np.max
propagates NaNs while np.nanmax
ignores NaNs.
>>> np.max([np.nan, 3.14, -1])
nan
>>> np.nanmax([np.nan, 3.14, -1])
3.14
NaNs propagator np.maximum
and its NaNs ignorant counterpart np.fmax
.
Both functions require two arrays as the first two positional args to compare with.
# x1 and x2 must be the same shape or can be broadcast
np.maximum(x1, x2, /, ...);
np.fmax(x1, x2, /, ...)
np.maximum
propagates NaNs while np.fmax
ignores NaNs.
>>> np.maximum([np.nan, 3.14, 0], [np.NINF, np.nan, 2.72])
array([ nan, nan, 2.72])
>>> np.fmax([np.nan, 3.14, 0], [np.NINF, np.nan, 2.72])
array([-inf, 3.14, 2.72])
The element-wise functions are np.ufunc
(Universal Function), which means they have some special properties that normal Numpy function don't have.
>>> type(np.maximum)
<class 'numpy.ufunc'>
>>> type(np.fmax)
<class 'numpy.ufunc'>
>>> #---------------#
>>> type(np.max)
<class 'function'>
>>> type(np.nanmax)
<class 'function'>
And finally, the same rules apply to the four minimum related functions:
np.amin/np.min
, np.nanmin
; np.minimum
, np.fmin
.in my case, some characters like " , :"'{}[] " maybe corrupt the JSON format, so use try json.loads(str) except to check your input
The issue seems to be that you are adding the deffered.promise
when deffered
is itself the promise you should be adding:
Try changing to promises.push(deffered);
so you don't add the unwrapped promise to the array.
UploadService.uploadQuestion = function(questions){
var promises = [];
for(var i = 0 ; i < questions.length ; i++){
var deffered = $q.defer();
var question = questions[i];
$http({
url : 'upload/question',
method: 'POST',
data : question
}).
success(function(data){
deffered.resolve(data);
}).
error(function(error){
deffered.reject();
});
promises.push(deffered);
}
return $q.all(promises);
}
The solution provided by @dex worked for me. But I want to add something else that also worked for me: Use
let UserSchema = new Schema({
username: {
type: String
},
events: [{
type: ObjectId,
ref: 'Event' // Reference to some EventSchema
}]
})
if what you want to create is an Array reference. But if what you want is an Object reference, which is what I think you might be looking for anyway, remove the brackets from the value prop, like this:
let UserSchema = new Schema({
username: {
type: String
},
events: {
type: ObjectId,
ref: 'Event' // Reference to some EventSchema
}
})
Look at the 2 snippets well. In the second case, the value prop of key events does not have brackets over the object def.
Multiple posted answer here, but probably this can help who is newly using PowerShell
SO if any space is there in your directory path do not forgot to add double inverted commas "".
I use something similar, but with opposite logic, in a lot of my functions.
DWORD dwError = ERROR_SUCCESS;
do
{
if ( (dwError = SomeFunction()) != ERROR_SUCCESS )
{
/* handle error */
continue;
}
if ( (dwError = SomeOtherFunction()) != ERROR_SUCCESS )
{
/* handle error */
continue;
}
}
while ( 0 );
if ( dwError != ERROR_SUCCESS )
{
/* resource cleanup */
}
You've changed your scheme destination to a simulator instead of Generic iOS Device.
That's why it is greyed out.
I'd stay well away from using MAC addresses. On some hardware, the MAC address can change when you reboot. We learned quite early during our research not to rely on it.
Take a look at the article Developing for Software Protection and Licensing which has some pointers on how to design & implement apps to reduce piracy.
Obligatory disclaimer & plug: the company I co-founded produces the OffByZero Cobalt licensing solution. So it probably won't surprise you to hear that I recommend outsourcing your licensing, & focusing on your core competencies.
I had the same problem.
Make sure that you build the APK file with the same device that generated the hashkey which is stored on in the Facebook developers section.
These answers were outdated for me, so here's how it worked out.
Add OkHttp, in my case the version is 3.3.1
:
compile 'com.squareup.okhttp3:okhttp:3.3.1'
Then before building your Retrofit, do this:
OkHttpClient okHttpClient = new OkHttpClient().newBuilder()
.connectTimeout(60, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
.readTimeout(60, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
.writeTimeout(60, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
.build();
return new Retrofit.Builder()
.baseUrl(baseUrl)
.client(okHttpClient)
.addConverterFactory(GsonConverterFactory.create())
.build();
May this one help a little more
Let suppose if you want to make the bar button in a separate file(for modular approach) and want to give selector back to your viewcontroller, you can do like this :-
your Utility File
class GeneralUtility {
class func customeNavigationBar(viewController: UIViewController,title:String){
let add = UIBarButtonItem(title: "Play", style: .plain, target: viewController, action: #selector(SuperViewController.buttonClicked(sender:)));
viewController.navigationController?.navigationBar.topItem?.rightBarButtonItems = [add];
}
}
Then make a SuperviewController class and define the same function on it.
class SuperViewController: UIViewController {
override func viewDidLoad() {
super.viewDidLoad()
// Do any additional setup after loading the view.
}
@objc func buttonClicked(sender: UIBarButtonItem) {
}
}
and In our base viewController(which inherit your SuperviewController class) override the same function
import UIKit
class HomeViewController: SuperViewController {
override func viewDidLoad() {
super.viewDidLoad()
// Do any additional setup after loading the view.
}
override func viewWillAppear(_ animated: Bool) {
GeneralUtility.customeNavigationBar(viewController: self,title:"Event");
}
@objc override func buttonClicked(sender: UIBarButtonItem) {
print("button clicked")
}
}
Now just inherit the SuperViewController in whichever class you want this barbutton.
Thanks for the read
If that's the case then why don't you consider using a regular Array, initialize the capacity and put objects at the index you want.
Object[] list = new Object[10];
list[0] = object1;
list[2] = object3;
list[1] = object2;
When Laravel tries to connect to database, if the connection fails or if it finds any errors it will return a PDOException
error. We can catch this error and redirect the action
Add the following code in the app/filtes.php
file.
App::error(function(PDOException $exception)
{
Log::error("Error connecting to database: ".$exception->getMessage());
return "Error connecting to database";
});
Hope this is helpful.
You should also try my ServiceStack JsonSerializer - it's the fastest .NET JSON serializer at the moment based on the benchmarks of the leading JSON serializers and supports serializing any POCO Type, DataContracts, Lists/Dictionaries, Interfaces, Inheritance, Late-bound objects including anonymous types, etc.
Basic Example
var customer = new Customer { Name="Joe Bloggs", Age=31 };
var json = customer.ToJson();
var fromJson = json.FromJson<Customer>();
Note: Only use Microsofts JavaScriptSerializer if performance is not important to you as I've had to leave it out of my benchmarks since its up to 40x-100x slower than the other JSON serializers.
Yes, you must open php.ini
and remove the semicolon to:
;extension=php_openssl.dll
If you don't have that line, check that you have the file (In my PC is on D:\xampp\php\ext
) and add this to php.ini
in the "Dynamic Extensions" section:
extension=php_openssl.dll
Things have changed for PHP > 7. This is what i had to do for PHP 7.2.
Step: 1: Uncomment extension=openssl
Step: 2: Uncomment extension_dir = "ext"
Step: 3: Restart xampp.
Done.
Explanation: ( From php.ini )
If you wish to have an extension loaded automatically, use the following syntax:
extension=modulename
Note : The syntax used in previous PHP versions (extension=<ext>.so
and extension='php_<ext>.dll
) is supported for legacy reasons and may be deprecated in a future PHP major version. So, when it is possible, please move to the new (extension=<ext>
) syntax.
Special Note: Be sure to appropriately set the extension_dir
directive.
Navigate to Sublime Text>Preferences>Browse Packages. You should see a file tree.
In the Packages folder, you should see
Theme - Default > Default.sublime-theme (substitute Default for your theme name)
Open that file and find the "class": "sidebar_label: entry and add "font.size".
example:
{
"class": "sidebar_label",
"color": [0, 0, 0],
"font.bold": false,
"font.size": 14
},
dist = sqrt( (x2 - x1)**2 + (y2 - y1)**2 )
As others have pointed out, you can also use the equivalent built-in math.hypot()
:
dist = math.hypot(x2 - x1, y2 - y1)
A neat solution that has been working for me is:
from __future__ import print_function
import sys
for i in range(10**6):
perc = float(i) / 10**6 * 100
print(">>> Download is {}% complete ".format(perc), end='\r')
sys.stdout.flush()
print("")
The sys.stdout.flush
is important otherwise it gets really clunky and the print("")
on for loop exit is also important.
UPDATE: As mentioned in the comments, print
also has a flush
argument. So the following will also work:
from __future__ import print_function
for i in range(10**6):
perc = float(i) / 10**6 * 100
print(">>> Download is {}% complete ".format(perc), end='\r', flush=True)
print("")
Just answering this old thread can be installed without pip On windows or Linux:
1) Download Requests from https://github.com/kennethreitz/requests click on clone or download button
2) Unzip the files in your python directory .Exp your python is installed in C:Python\Python.exe then unzip there
3) Depending on the Os run the following command:
Thats it :)
If you have array like:
$runners = ["1","2","3","4"];
And if you want to covert them into integers and keep within array, following should do the job:
$newArray = array_map( create_function('$value', 'return (int)$value;'),
$runners);
npm update
: install and update with latest node modules which are in package.json
npm install
: install node modules which are defined in package.json(without update)
You can simply set these options in the AndroidManifest.xml file.
<activity
android:name=".YourACtivityName"
android:windowSoftInputMode="stateVisible|adjustResize">
The use of adjustPan
is not recommended by Google because the user may need to close the keyboard to see all the input fields.
More info: Android App Manifest
Try this please. I checked it and it's working:
SELECT *
FROM Table
WHERE ARIDNR IN (
SELECT ARIDNR
FROM Table
GROUP BY ARIDNR
HAVING COUNT(distinct LIEFNR) > 1
)
This works quite nicely for IOS
, but should also work for cocoa
.
NSString *bundleRoot = [[NSBundle mainBundle] bundlePath];
NSFileManager *manager = [NSFileManager defaultManager];
NSDirectoryEnumerator *direnum = [manager enumeratorAtPath:bundleRoot];
NSString *filename;
while ((filename = [direnum nextObject] )) {
//change the suffix to what you are looking for
if ([filename hasSuffix:@".data"]) {
// Do work here
NSLog(@"Files in resource folder: %@", filename);
}
}
In python3, The way :
dict.keys()
return a value in type : dict_keys(), we'll got an error when got 1st member of keys of dict by this way:
dict.keys()[0]
TypeError: 'dict_keys' object does not support indexing
Finally, I convert dict.keys() to list @1st, and got 1st member by list splice method:
list(dict.keys())[0]
To delete the last element from the list just do this.
a = [1,2,3,4,5]
a = a[:-1]
#Output [1,2,3,4]
the ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE clause is the best solution because: REPLACE does a DELETE followed by an INSERT so for an ever so slight period the record is removed creating the ever so slight possibility that a query could come back having skipped that if the page was viewed during the REPLACE query.
I prefer INSERT ... ON DUPLICATE UPDATE ... for that reason.
jmoz's solution is the best: though I prefer the SET syntax to the parentheses
INSERT INTO cache
SET key = 'key', generation = 'generation'
ON DUPLICATE KEY
UPDATE key = 'key', generation = (generation + 1)
;
First of all, there're two kinds of keystores.
Individual and General
The application will use the one indicated in the startup or the default of the system.
It will be a different folder if JRE or JDK is running, or if you check the personal or the "global" one.
They are encrypted too
In short, the path will be like:
$JAVA_HOME/lib/security/cacerts
for the "general one", who has all the CA for the Authorities and is quite important.
$(document).ready(function() {
$("#aDateFrom").datepicker({
onSelect: function() {
//- get date from another datepicker without language dependencies
var minDate = $('#aDateFrom').datepicker('getDate');
$("#aDateTo").datepicker("change", { minDate: minDate });
}
});
$("#aDateTo").datepicker({
onSelect: function() {
//- get date from another datepicker without language dependencies
var maxDate = $('#aDateTo').datepicker('getDate');
$("#aDateFrom").datepicker("change", { maxDate: maxDate });
}
});
});
You can check out this blog post. It had solved my problem.
http://dotnetguts.blogspot.com/2010/06/restore-failed-for-server-restore.html
Select @@Version
It had given me following output Microsoft SQL Server 2005 - 9.00.4053.00 (Intel X86) May 26 2009 14:24:20 Copyright (c) 1988-2005 Microsoft Corporation Express Edition on Windows NT 6.0 (Build 6002: Service Pack 2)
You will need to re-install to a new named instance to ensure that you are using the new SQL Server version.
If (theChar >= '0' && theChar <='9')
it's a digit. You get the idea.
Remove the spaces before the autoplay=1:
src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/-SFcIUEvNOQ?autoplay=1&;enablejsapi=1"
Check out ea-async which does Java bytecode rewriting to simulate async/await pretty nicely. Per their readme: "It is heavily inspired by Async-Await on the .NET CLR"
When you use Fabric for public beta releases (signed with prod config), DON'T USE Google Play App Signing. You will must after build two signed apks!
When you distribute to more play stores (samsung, amazon, xiaomi, ...) you will must again build two signed apks.
So be really carefull with Google Play App Signing.
It's not possible to revert it :/ and Google Play did not after accept apks signed with production key. After enable Google Play App Signing only upload key is accepted...
It really complicate CI distribution...
Next issues with upgrade: https://issuetracker.google.com/issues/69285256
The big difference between primitive arrays & object-based collections (e.g., ArrayList) is that the latter can grow (or shrink) dynamically. Primitive arrays are fixed in size: Once you create them, their size doesn't change (though the contents can).
<option value="" selected style="display:none">Please select one item</option>
Using selected
and using display: none;
for hidden item in list.
To expand on @Dmitiri Algazin 's answer: settings for individual languages are overridden by the general setting
Preferences -> Code Style -> Detect and use existing file indents for editing
So if you are wondering why your new settings are being ignored after changing your settings for a specific language, there is a chance this checkbox is ticked.
As a side note; changing any default settings automamagically creates a settings profile clone (i.e. Default(1)
) which I assume is in place so that the default IDE settings are never overwritten.
It is a little confusing at first, really, whether editing Default
settings or Project Settings
is going to have any effect on your project, since you can select Default
from the drop down menu and then edit from there.
If you don't want to keep seeing random clones of Default populating your settings profiles, edit the Project Settings directly.
I'm on debian linux amd64. I installed oracle's Java 11 from oracle's java download page. Installed eclipse from eclipse.org. Running eclipse produced the "cannot load swt" error. I followed ATorras's advice and did
apt install libswt-gtk-4-jni
(which also installed a ton of other things) and after that eclipse started. Although it started I did get the following errors/warnings:
org.eclipse.m2e.logback.configuration: The org.eclipse.m2e.logback.configuration bundle was activated before the state location was initialized. Will retry after the state location is initialized.
SWT SessionManagerDBus: Failed to connect to org.gnome.SessionManager: Failed to execute child process “dbus-launch” (No such file or directory)
SWT SessionManagerDBus: Failed to connect to org.xfce.SessionManager: Failed to execute child process “dbus-launch” (No such file or directory)
org.eclipse.m2e.logback.configuration: Logback config file: /home/rusty/eclipse-workspace/.metadata/.plugins/org.eclipse.m2e.logback.configuration/logback.1.16.0.20200318-1040.xml
org.eclipse.m2e.logback.configuration: Initializing logback
SWT Webkit: Warning, You are using an old version of webkitgtk. (pre 2.4) BrowserFunction functionality will not be avaliable
SWT WebKit: error initializing DBus server, dBusServer == 0
SWT.CHROMIUM style was used but chromium.swt gtk (or CEF binaries) fragment/jar is missing.
I think I can ignore most if not all of that. I'm doing an ssh into the linux box using mobaXterm on my windows pc, so it's displaying its window on my pc. My linux box is headless.
The real reason because set
does not work is the fact, that it uses the hash function to distinguish different values. This means that sets only allows hashable objects. Why a list is not hashable is already pointed out.
You can use:
Select
count(created_date) as counted_leads,
created_date as count_date
from
table
group by
created_date
(int_variable).to_bytes(bytes_length, byteorder='big'|'little').hex()
For example:
>>> (434).to_bytes(4, byteorder='big').hex()
'000001b2'
>>> (434).to_bytes(4, byteorder='little').hex()
'b2010000'
Steps to Remove app from App Store
If you're using gnu sed then you can use \x0A
for newline:
sed 's/:/\x0A/g' ~/Desktop/myfile.txt
Html.Label
gives you a label for an input whose name matches the specified input text (more specifically, for the model property matching the string expression):
// Model
public string Test { get; set; }
// View
@Html.Label("Test")
// Output
<label for="Test">Test</label>
Html.LabelFor
gives you a label for the property represented by the provided expression (typically a model property):
// Model
public class MyModel
{
[DisplayName("A property")]
public string Test { get; set; }
}
// View
@model MyModel
@Html.LabelFor(m => m.Test)
// Output
<label for="Test">A property</label>
Html.LabelForModel
is a bit trickier. It returns a label whose for
value is that of the parameter represented by the model object. This is useful, in particular, for custom editor templates. For example:
// Model
public class MyModel
{
[DisplayName("A property")]
public string Test { get; set; }
}
// Main view
@Html.EditorFor(m => m.Test)
// Inside editor template
@Html.LabelForModel()
// Output
<label for="Test">A property</label>