What are the differences between the assignment operators
=
and<-
in R?
As your example shows, =
and <-
have slightly different operator precedence (which determines the order of evaluation when they are mixed in the same expression). In fact, ?Syntax
in R gives the following operator precedence table, from highest to lowest:
… ‘-> ->>’ rightwards assignment ‘<- <<-’ assignment (right to left) ‘=’ assignment (right to left) …
But is this the only difference?
Since you were asking about the assignment operators: yes, that is the only difference. However, you would be forgiven for believing otherwise. Even the R documentation of ?assignOps
claims that there are more differences:
The operator
<-
can be used anywhere, whereas the operator=
is only allowed at the top level (e.g., in the complete expression typed at the command prompt) or as one of the subexpressions in a braced list of expressions.
Let’s not put too fine a point on it: the R documentation is wrong. This is easy to show: we just need to find a counter-example of the =
operator that isn’t (a) at the top level, nor (b) a subexpression in a braced list of expressions (i.e. {…; …}
). — Without further ado:
x
# Error: object 'x' not found
sum((x = 1), 2)
# [1] 3
x
# [1] 1
Clearly we’ve performed an assignment, using =
, outside of contexts (a) and (b). So, why has the documentation of a core R language feature been wrong for decades?
It’s because in R’s syntax the symbol =
has two distinct meanings that get routinely conflated (even by experts, including in the documentation cited above):
=
operator it performs no action at runtime, it merely changes the way an expression is parsed.So how does R decide whether a given usage of =
refers to the operator or to named argument passing? Let’s see.
In any piece of code of the general form …
‹function_name›(‹argname› = ‹value›, …)
‹function_name›(‹args›, ‹argname› = ‹value›, …)
… the =
is the token that defines named argument passing: it is not the assignment operator. Furthermore, =
is entirely forbidden in some syntactic contexts:
if (‹var› = ‹value›) …
while (‹var› = ‹value›) …
for (‹var› = ‹value› in ‹value2›) …
for (‹var1› in ‹var2› = ‹value›) …
Any of these will raise an error “unexpected '=' in ‹bla›”.
In any other context, =
refers to the assignment operator call. In particular, merely putting parentheses around the subexpression makes any of the above (a) valid, and (b) an assignment. For instance, the following performs assignment:
median((x = 1 : 10))
But also:
if (! (nf = length(from))) return()
Now you might object that such code is atrocious (and you may be right). But I took this code from the base::file.copy
function (replacing <-
with =
) — it’s a pervasive pattern in much of the core R codebase.
The original explanation by John Chambers, which the the R documentation is probably based on, actually explains this correctly:
[
=
assignment is] allowed in only two places in the grammar: at the top level (as a complete program or user-typed expression); and when isolated from surrounding logical structure, by braces or an extra pair of parentheses.
In sum, by default the operators <-
and =
do the same thing. But either of them can be overridden separately to change its behaviour. By contrast, <-
and ->
(left-to-right assignment), though syntactically distinct, always call the same function. Overriding one also overrides the other. Knowing this is rarely practical but it can be used for some fun shenanigans.
As always with these questions, the JLS holds the answer. In this case §15.26.2 Compound Assignment Operators. An extract:
A compound assignment expression of the form
E1 op= E2
is equivalent toE1 = (T)((E1) op (E2))
, whereT
is the type ofE1
, except thatE1
is evaluated only once.
An example cited from §15.26.2
[...] the following code is correct:
short x = 3; x += 4.6;
and results in x having the value 7 because it is equivalent to:
short x = 3; x = (short)(x + 4.6);
In other words, your assumption is correct.
The Rule of Three is a rule of thumb for C++, basically saying
If your class needs any of
- a copy constructor,
- an assignment operator,
- or a destructor,
defined explictly, then it is likely to need all three of them.
The reasons for this is that all three of them are usually used to manage a resource, and if your class manages a resource, it usually needs to manage copying as well as freeing.
If there is no good semantic for copying the resource your class manages, then consider to forbid copying by declaring (not defining) the copy constructor and assignment operator as private
.
(Note that the forthcoming new version of the C++ standard (which is C++11) adds move semantics to C++, which will likely change the Rule of Three. However, I know too little about this to write a C++11 section about the Rule of Three.)
Any class that manages a resource (a wrapper, like a smart pointer) needs to implement The Big Three. While the goals and implementation of the copy-constructor and destructor are straightforward, the copy-assignment operator is arguably the most nuanced and difficult. How should it be done? What pitfalls need to be avoided?
The copy-and-swap idiom is the solution, and elegantly assists the assignment operator in achieving two things: avoiding code duplication, and providing a strong exception guarantee.
Conceptually, it works by using the copy-constructor's functionality to create a local copy of the data, then takes the copied data with a swap
function, swapping the old data with the new data. The temporary copy then destructs, taking the old data with it. We are left with a copy of the new data.
In order to use the copy-and-swap idiom, we need three things: a working copy-constructor, a working destructor (both are the basis of any wrapper, so should be complete anyway), and a swap
function.
A swap function is a non-throwing function that swaps two objects of a class, member for member. We might be tempted to use std::swap
instead of providing our own, but this would be impossible; std::swap
uses the copy-constructor and copy-assignment operator within its implementation, and we'd ultimately be trying to define the assignment operator in terms of itself!
(Not only that, but unqualified calls to swap
will use our custom swap operator, skipping over the unnecessary construction and destruction of our class that std::swap
would entail.)
Let's consider a concrete case. We want to manage, in an otherwise useless class, a dynamic array. We start with a working constructor, copy-constructor, and destructor:
#include <algorithm> // std::copy
#include <cstddef> // std::size_t
class dumb_array
{
public:
// (default) constructor
dumb_array(std::size_t size = 0)
: mSize(size),
mArray(mSize ? new int[mSize]() : nullptr)
{
}
// copy-constructor
dumb_array(const dumb_array& other)
: mSize(other.mSize),
mArray(mSize ? new int[mSize] : nullptr),
{
// note that this is non-throwing, because of the data
// types being used; more attention to detail with regards
// to exceptions must be given in a more general case, however
std::copy(other.mArray, other.mArray + mSize, mArray);
}
// destructor
~dumb_array()
{
delete [] mArray;
}
private:
std::size_t mSize;
int* mArray;
};
This class almost manages the array successfully, but it needs operator=
to work correctly.
Here's how a naive implementation might look:
// the hard part
dumb_array& operator=(const dumb_array& other)
{
if (this != &other) // (1)
{
// get rid of the old data...
delete [] mArray; // (2)
mArray = nullptr; // (2) *(see footnote for rationale)
// ...and put in the new
mSize = other.mSize; // (3)
mArray = mSize ? new int[mSize] : nullptr; // (3)
std::copy(other.mArray, other.mArray + mSize, mArray); // (3)
}
return *this;
}
And we say we're finished; this now manages an array, without leaks. However, it suffers from three problems, marked sequentially in the code as (n)
.
The first is the self-assignment test. This check serves two purposes: it's an easy way to prevent us from running needless code on self-assignment, and it protects us from subtle bugs (such as deleting the array only to try and copy it). But in all other cases it merely serves to slow the program down, and act as noise in the code; self-assignment rarely occurs, so most of the time this check is a waste. It would be better if the operator could work properly without it.
The second is that it only provides a basic exception guarantee. If new int[mSize]
fails, *this
will have been modified. (Namely, the size is wrong and the data is gone!) For a strong exception guarantee, it would need to be something akin to:
dumb_array& operator=(const dumb_array& other)
{
if (this != &other) // (1)
{
// get the new data ready before we replace the old
std::size_t newSize = other.mSize;
int* newArray = newSize ? new int[newSize]() : nullptr; // (3)
std::copy(other.mArray, other.mArray + newSize, newArray); // (3)
// replace the old data (all are non-throwing)
delete [] mArray;
mSize = newSize;
mArray = newArray;
}
return *this;
}
The code has expanded! Which leads us to the third problem: code duplication. Our assignment operator effectively duplicates all the code we've already written elsewhere, and that's a terrible thing.
In our case, the core of it is only two lines (the allocation and the copy), but with more complex resources this code bloat can be quite a hassle. We should strive to never repeat ourselves.
(One might wonder: if this much code is needed to manage one resource correctly, what if my class manages more than one? While this may seem to be a valid concern, and indeed it requires non-trivial try
/catch
clauses, this is a non-issue. That's because a class should manage one resource only!)
As mentioned, the copy-and-swap idiom will fix all these issues. But right now, we have all the requirements except one: a swap
function. While The Rule of Three successfully entails the existence of our copy-constructor, assignment operator, and destructor, it should really be called "The Big Three and A Half": any time your class manages a resource it also makes sense to provide a swap
function.
We need to add swap functionality to our class, and we do that as follows†:
class dumb_array
{
public:
// ...
friend void swap(dumb_array& first, dumb_array& second) // nothrow
{
// enable ADL (not necessary in our case, but good practice)
using std::swap;
// by swapping the members of two objects,
// the two objects are effectively swapped
swap(first.mSize, second.mSize);
swap(first.mArray, second.mArray);
}
// ...
};
(Here is the explanation why public friend swap
.) Now not only can we swap our dumb_array
's, but swaps in general can be more efficient; it merely swaps pointers and sizes, rather than allocating and copying entire arrays. Aside from this bonus in functionality and efficiency, we are now ready to implement the copy-and-swap idiom.
Without further ado, our assignment operator is:
dumb_array& operator=(dumb_array other) // (1)
{
swap(*this, other); // (2)
return *this;
}
And that's it! With one fell swoop, all three problems are elegantly tackled at once.
We first notice an important choice: the parameter argument is taken by-value. While one could just as easily do the following (and indeed, many naive implementations of the idiom do):
dumb_array& operator=(const dumb_array& other)
{
dumb_array temp(other);
swap(*this, temp);
return *this;
}
We lose an important optimization opportunity. Not only that, but this choice is critical in C++11, which is discussed later. (On a general note, a remarkably useful guideline is as follows: if you're going to make a copy of something in a function, let the compiler do it in the parameter list.‡)
Either way, this method of obtaining our resource is the key to eliminating code duplication: we get to use the code from the copy-constructor to make the copy, and never need to repeat any bit of it. Now that the copy is made, we are ready to swap.
Observe that upon entering the function that all the new data is already allocated, copied, and ready to be used. This is what gives us a strong exception guarantee for free: we won't even enter the function if construction of the copy fails, and it's therefore not possible to alter the state of *this
. (What we did manually before for a strong exception guarantee, the compiler is doing for us now; how kind.)
At this point we are home-free, because swap
is non-throwing. We swap our current data with the copied data, safely altering our state, and the old data gets put into the temporary. The old data is then released when the function returns. (Where upon the parameter's scope ends and its destructor is called.)
Because the idiom repeats no code, we cannot introduce bugs within the operator. Note that this means we are rid of the need for a self-assignment check, allowing a single uniform implementation of operator=
. (Additionally, we no longer have a performance penalty on non-self-assignments.)
And that is the copy-and-swap idiom.
The next version of C++, C++11, makes one very important change to how we manage resources: the Rule of Three is now The Rule of Four (and a half). Why? Because not only do we need to be able to copy-construct our resource, we need to move-construct it as well.
Luckily for us, this is easy:
class dumb_array
{
public:
// ...
// move constructor
dumb_array(dumb_array&& other) noexcept ††
: dumb_array() // initialize via default constructor, C++11 only
{
swap(*this, other);
}
// ...
};
What's going on here? Recall the goal of move-construction: to take the resources from another instance of the class, leaving it in a state guaranteed to be assignable and destructible.
So what we've done is simple: initialize via the default constructor (a C++11 feature), then swap with other
; we know a default constructed instance of our class can safely be assigned and destructed, so we know other
will be able to do the same, after swapping.
(Note that some compilers do not support constructor delegation; in this case, we have to manually default construct the class. This is an unfortunate but luckily trivial task.)
That is the only change we need to make to our class, so why does it work? Remember the ever-important decision we made to make the parameter a value and not a reference:
dumb_array& operator=(dumb_array other); // (1)
Now, if other
is being initialized with an rvalue, it will be move-constructed. Perfect. In the same way C++03 let us re-use our copy-constructor functionality by taking the argument by-value, C++11 will automatically pick the move-constructor when appropriate as well. (And, of course, as mentioned in previously linked article, the copying/moving of the value may simply be elided altogether.)
And so concludes the copy-and-swap idiom.
*Why do we set mArray
to null? Because if any further code in the operator throws, the destructor of dumb_array
might be called; and if that happens without setting it to null, we attempt to delete memory that's already been deleted! We avoid this by setting it to null, as deleting null is a no-operation.
†There are other claims that we should specialize std::swap
for our type, provide an in-class swap
along-side a free-function swap
, etc. But this is all unnecessary: any proper use of swap
will be through an unqualified call, and our function will be found through ADL. One function will do.
‡The reason is simple: once you have the resource to yourself, you may swap and/or move it (C++11) anywhere it needs to be. And by making the copy in the parameter list, you maximize optimization.
††The move constructor should generally be noexcept
, otherwise some code (e.g. std::vector
resizing logic) will use the copy constructor even when a move would make sense. Of course, only mark it noexcept if the code inside doesn't throw exceptions.
Frankly, pretty much everything that we've encountered works just fine w/ the JAXP version, so we always exclude xml-apis
and xercesImpl
.
The Header
field of the Request is public. You may do this :
req.Header.Set("name", "value")
Right click on project - >BuildPath - >Configure BuildPath - >Libraries tab - >
Double click on JRE SYSTEM LIBRARY - >Then select alternate JRE
If you explicitly ignore the return code and dump the error stream then your make will ignore the error if it occurs:
mkdir 2>/dev/null || true
This should not cause a race hazard in a parallel make - but I haven't tested it to be sure.
Like from any regular input/select/etc...:
$("form.my-form .chosen-select").val()
This statement is much cleaner and more readable for me:
select * from my_table where ISNULL(NULLIF(some_col, ''));
Assembly.GetEntryAssembly().Location
or Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().Location
Use in combination with System.IO.Path.GetDirectoryName()
to get only the directory.
The paths from GetEntryAssembly()
and GetExecutingAssembly()
can be different, even though for most cases the directory will be the same.
With GetEntryAssembly()
you have to be aware that this can return null
if the entry module is unmanaged (ie C++ or VB6 executable). In those cases it is possible to use GetModuleFileName
from the Win32 API:
[DllImport("kernel32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
public static extern int GetModuleFileName(HandleRef hModule, StringBuilder buffer, int length);
When MySQL driver is used you have to set connection param rewriteBatchedStatements
to true ( jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/TestDB?**rewriteBatchedStatements=true**)
.
With this param the statement is rewritten to bulk insert when table is locked only once and indexes are updated only once. So it is much faster.
Without this param only advantage is cleaner source code.
As of 2018 and beyond, you have a more modern option which is to incorporate async/await in your ReactJS application. A promise-based HTTP client library such as axios can be used. The sample code is given below:
import axios from 'axios';
...
class Login extends Component {
constructor(props, context) {
super(props, context);
this.onLogin = this.onLogin.bind(this);
...
}
async onLogin() {
const { email, password } = this.state;
try {
const response = await axios.post('/login', { email, password });
console.log(response);
} catch (err) {
...
}
}
...
}
Maybe adding the commands to executable file, setting +x permission and then executing?
ps aux | grep -ie amarok | awk '{print "kill -9 " $2}' > pk;chmod +x pk;./pk;rm pk
this will work for u
$("#button-name").click(function(){
$('#toggle-id').slideToggle('slow');
});
Try this.
<script>
function checkIframeLoaded() {
// Get a handle to the iframe element
var iframe = document.getElementById('i_frame');
var iframeDoc = iframe.contentDocument || iframe.contentWindow.document;
// Check if loading is complete
if ( iframeDoc.readyState == 'complete' ) {
//iframe.contentWindow.alert("Hello");
iframe.contentWindow.onload = function(){
alert("I am loaded");
};
// The loading is complete, call the function we want executed once the iframe is loaded
afterLoading();
return;
}
// If we are here, it is not loaded. Set things up so we check the status again in 100 milliseconds
window.setTimeout(checkIframeLoaded, 100);
}
function afterLoading(){
alert("I am here");
}
</script>
<body onload="checkIframeLoaded();">
I had problems with elastic scrolling (scroll bouncing, rubber-banding). Ignoring the down-scroll event if close to the page top worked for me.
var position = $(window).scrollTop();
$(window).scroll(function () {
var scroll = $(window).scrollTop();
var downScroll = scroll > position;
var closeToTop = -120 < scroll && scroll < 120;
if (downScroll && !closeToTop) {
// scrolled down and not to close to top (to avoid Ipad elastic scroll-problems)
$('.top-container').slideUp('fast');
$('.main-header').addClass('padding-top');
} else {
// scrolled up
$('.top-container').slideDown('fast');
$('.main-header').removeClass('padding-top');
}
position = scroll;
});
Please check if you got the x64 edition of eclipse. Someone answered this just a few hours ago.
This can be done using stream:
List<String> stringList = Arrays.asList("abc#bcd", "mno#pqr");
List<String[]> objects = stringList.stream()
.map(s -> s.split("#"))
.collect(Collectors.toList());
The return value would be arrays of split string. This avoids converting the arraylist to an array and performing the operation.
The simplest way to get the visitor’s/client’s IP address is using the $_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR']
or $_SERVER['REMOTE_HOST']
variables.
However, sometimes this does not return the correct IP address of the visitor, so we can use some other server variables to get the IP address.
The below both functions are equivalent with the difference only in how and from where the values are retrieved.
getenv() is used to get the value of an environment variable in PHP.
// Function to get the client IP address
function get_client_ip() {
$ipaddress = '';
if (getenv('HTTP_CLIENT_IP'))
$ipaddress = getenv('HTTP_CLIENT_IP');
else if(getenv('HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR'))
$ipaddress = getenv('HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR');
else if(getenv('HTTP_X_FORWARDED'))
$ipaddress = getenv('HTTP_X_FORWARDED');
else if(getenv('HTTP_FORWARDED_FOR'))
$ipaddress = getenv('HTTP_FORWARDED_FOR');
else if(getenv('HTTP_FORWARDED'))
$ipaddress = getenv('HTTP_FORWARDED');
else if(getenv('REMOTE_ADDR'))
$ipaddress = getenv('REMOTE_ADDR');
else
$ipaddress = 'UNKNOWN';
return $ipaddress;
}
$_SERVER is an array that contains server variables created by the web server.
// Function to get the client IP address
function get_client_ip() {
$ipaddress = '';
if (isset($_SERVER['HTTP_CLIENT_IP']))
$ipaddress = $_SERVER['HTTP_CLIENT_IP'];
else if(isset($_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR']))
$ipaddress = $_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR'];
else if(isset($_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED']))
$ipaddress = $_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED'];
else if(isset($_SERVER['HTTP_FORWARDED_FOR']))
$ipaddress = $_SERVER['HTTP_FORWARDED_FOR'];
else if(isset($_SERVER['HTTP_FORWARDED']))
$ipaddress = $_SERVER['HTTP_FORWARDED'];
else if(isset($_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR']))
$ipaddress = $_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'];
else
$ipaddress = 'UNKNOWN';
return $ipaddress;
}
This my variant of the solution based on LINQ and the Descendants method of the XDocument
class
using System;
using System.Linq;
using System.Xml.Linq;
class Test
{
static void Main()
{
XDocument xml = XDocument.Parse(@"
<root>
<child id='1'/>
<child id='2'>
<subChild id='3'>
<extChild id='5' />
<extChild id='6' />
</subChild>
<subChild id='4'>
<extChild id='7' />
</subChild>
</child>
</root>");
xml.Descendants().Where(p => p.Name.LocalName == "extChild")
.ToList()
.ForEach(e => Console.WriteLine(e));
Console.ReadLine();
}
}
There were no real associative arrays in Javascript until 2015 (release of ECMAScript 6). Since then you can use the Map object as Robocat states. Look up the details in MDN. Example:
let map = new Map();
map.set('key', {'value1', 'value2'});
let values = map.get('key');
Without support for ES6 you can try using objects:
var x = new Object();
x["Key"] = "Value";
However with objects it is not possible to use typical array properties or methods like array.length. At least it is possible to access the "object-array" in a for-in-loop.
It's been a while, but last time I had something similar:
ROLLBACK TRAN
or trying to
COMMIT
what had allready been done free'd everything up so I was able to clear things out and start again.
Historically, it's been impossible to make these things disappear as they are user settings and not considered part of the page you have control over.
However, as of 2017, the @page
at-rule has been standardized, which can be used to hide the page title and date in modern browsers:
@page { size: auto; margin: 0mm; }
Print headers/footers and print margins
When printing Web documents, margins are set in the browser's Page Setup (or Print Setup) dialog box. These margin settings, although set within the browser, are controlled at the operating system/printer driver level and are not controllable at the HTML/CSS/DOM level. (For CSS-controlled printed page headers and footers see Printing Headers .)
The settings must be big enough to encompass the printer's physical non-printing areas. Further, they must be big enough to encompass the header and footer that the browser is usually configured to print (typically the page title, page number, URL and date). Note that these headers and footers, although specified by the browser and usually configurable through user preferences, are not part of the Web page itself and therefore are not controllable by CSS. In CSS terms, they fall outside the Page Box CSS2.1 Section 13.2.
... i.e. setting a margin of 0 hides the page title because the title is printed in the margin.
Credit to Vigneswaran S for this tip.
I have been using restler for making webservices call, works like charm and is pretty neat.
Install this package in Ubuntu
:
apt install sysv-rc-conf
its a substitute for chkconfig
cmd.
After install run this cmd:
sysv-rc-conf --list
It'll show all services in all the runlevels. You can also run this:
sysv-rc-conf --level (runlevel number ex:1 2 3 4 5 6 )
Now you can choose which service should be active in boot time.
In Python 3.3+:
from datetime import datetime, timezone
def utc_to_local(utc_dt):
return utc_dt.replace(tzinfo=timezone.utc).astimezone(tz=None)
In Python 2/3:
import calendar
from datetime import datetime, timedelta
def utc_to_local(utc_dt):
# get integer timestamp to avoid precision lost
timestamp = calendar.timegm(utc_dt.timetuple())
local_dt = datetime.fromtimestamp(timestamp)
assert utc_dt.resolution >= timedelta(microseconds=1)
return local_dt.replace(microsecond=utc_dt.microsecond)
Using pytz
(both Python 2/3):
import pytz
local_tz = pytz.timezone('Europe/Moscow') # use your local timezone name here
# NOTE: pytz.reference.LocalTimezone() would produce wrong result here
## You could use `tzlocal` module to get local timezone on Unix and Win32
# from tzlocal import get_localzone # $ pip install tzlocal
# # get local timezone
# local_tz = get_localzone()
def utc_to_local(utc_dt):
local_dt = utc_dt.replace(tzinfo=pytz.utc).astimezone(local_tz)
return local_tz.normalize(local_dt) # .normalize might be unnecessary
def aslocaltimestr(utc_dt):
return utc_to_local(utc_dt).strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.%f %Z%z')
print(aslocaltimestr(datetime(2010, 6, 6, 17, 29, 7, 730000)))
print(aslocaltimestr(datetime(2010, 12, 6, 17, 29, 7, 730000)))
print(aslocaltimestr(datetime.utcnow()))
2010-06-06 21:29:07.730000 MSD+0400
2010-12-06 20:29:07.730000 MSK+0300
2012-11-08 14:19:50.093745 MSK+0400
Python 2
2010-06-06 21:29:07.730000
2010-12-06 20:29:07.730000
2012-11-08 14:19:50.093911
pytz
2010-06-06 21:29:07.730000 MSD+0400
2010-12-06 20:29:07.730000 MSK+0300
2012-11-08 14:19:50.146917 MSK+0400
Note: it takes into account DST and the recent change of utc offset for MSK timezone.
I don't know whether non-pytz solutions work on Windows.
I'm also a newbie to CUDA/Visual studio and encountered the same problem with a couple of the samples. If you run DEBUG-> Start Debugging, then repeatedly step over (F10) you'll see the output window appear and get populated. Normal execution returns nomal completion status 0x0 (as you observed) and the output window is closed.
The problem with your original code was that you initialized transpose[t]
at every element, rather than just once per row:
def matrixTranspose(anArray):
transposed = [None]*len(anArray[0])
for t in range(len(anArray)):
transposed[t] = [None]*len(anArray)
for tt in range(len(anArray[t])):
transposed[t][tt] = anArray[tt][t]
print transposed
This works, though there are more Pythonic ways to accomplish the same things, including @J.F.'s zip
application.
Here is my version of this which I hope can save some of your time :)
jQuery PART:
$(".dropdown-menu").on('click', 'li a', function(){
var selText = $(this).children("h4").html();
$(this).parent('li').siblings().removeClass('active');
$('#vl').val($(this).attr('data-value'));
$(this).parents('.btn-group').find('.selection').html(selText);
$(this).parents('li').addClass("active");
});
HTML PART:
<div class="container">
<div class="btn-group">
<a class="btn btn-default dropdown-toggle btn-blog " data-toggle="dropdown" href="#" id="dropdownMenu1" style="width:200px;"><span class="selection pull-left">Select an option </span>
<span class="pull-right glyphiconglyphicon-chevron-down caret" style="float:right;margin-top:10px;"></span></a>
<ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu" aria-labelledby="dropdownMenu1">
<li><a href="#" class="" data-value=1><p> HER Can you write extra text or <b>HTLM</b></p> <h4> <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plane"></span> <span> Your Option 1</span> </h4></a> </li>
<li><a href="#" class="" data-value=2><p> HER Can you write extra text or <i>HTLM</i> or some long long long long long long long long long long text </p><h4> <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-briefcase"></span> <span>Your Option 2</span> </h4></a>
</li>
<li class="divider"></li>
<li><a href="#" class="" data-value=3><p> HER Can you write extra text or <b>HTLM</b> or some </p><h4> <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-heart text-danger"></span> <span>Your Option 3</span> </h4></a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<input type="text" id="vl" />
</div>
I'd go for purchase-rest-service
. Reasons:
What is "pur chase rests ervice"? Long, concatenated words are hard to understand. I know, I'm German. "Donaudampfschifffahrtskapitänspatentausfüllungsassistentenausschreibungsstellenbewerbung."
"_" is harder to type than "-"
Utilize the <a>
tag.
At the top of your website, put an anchor with specified name.
<a name="top"></a>
Then your "back to top" link points to it.
<a href="#top">back to top</a>
Like the above stated, you can't change the background images in the animation. I've found the best solution to be to put your images into one sprite sheet, and then animate by changing the background position, but if you're building for mobile, your sprite sheets are limited to less than 1900x1900 px.
Add this in the head section of your html
<link rel="icon" type="image/gif/png" href="mouse_select_left.png">
TESTED with jquery 1.11.3 & jquery-ui 1.11.4
$(function() {
$("#draggable").draggable({
revert : function(event, ui) {
// on older version of jQuery use "draggable"
// $(this).data("draggable")
// on 2.x versions of jQuery use "ui-draggable"
// $(this).data("ui-draggable")
$(this).data("uiDraggable").originalPosition = {
top : 0,
left : 0
};
// return boolean
return !event;
// that evaluate like this:
// return event !== false ? false : true;
}
});
$("#droppable").droppable();
});
Similar to Underscore library there is another library called as 'lodash' that has one method "orderBy" which takes in the parameter to determine in which order to sort it. You can use it like
_.orderBy('collection', 'propertyName', 'desc')
For some reason, it's not documented on the website docs.
This happened to me because I was using a Tomcat 5.5 catalina.sh
file with a Tomcat 7 installation. Using the catalina.sh
that came with the Tomcat 7 install fixed the problem.
When you build your assembly, you can call AssemblyBuilder.SetEntryPoint
, and then get it back from the Assembly.EntryPoint
property to invoke it.
Keep in mind you'll want to use this signature, and note that it doesn't have to be named Main
:
static void Run(string[] args)
It can be done with LinearLayout
(less overhead and more control than the Relative Layout option). Give the second view the remaining space so gravity
can work. Tested back to API 16.
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent">
<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="Aligned left" />
<TextView
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:gravity="end"
android:text="Aligned right" />
</LinearLayout>
If you want to limit the size of the first text view, do this:
Adjust weights as required. Relative layout won't allow you to set a percentage weight like this, only a fixed dp of one of the views
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent">
<TextView
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="Aligned left but too long and would squash the other view" />
<TextView
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:gravity="end"
android:text="Aligned right" />
</LinearLayout>
If you are using chrome: try open chrome with the args to disable web security like you see here:
Set max_allowed_packet to the same (or more) than what it was when you dumped it with mysqldump. If you can't do that, make the dump again with a smaller value.
That is, assuming you dumped it with mysqldump. If you used some other tool, you're on your own.
ExecuteScalar
is typically used when your query returns a single value. If it returns more, then the result is the first column of the first row. An example might be SELECT @@IDENTITY AS 'Identity'
.ExecuteReader
is used for any result set with multiple rows/columns (e.g., SELECT col1, col2 from sometable
).ExecuteNonQuery
is typically used for SQL statements without results (e.g., UPDATE, INSERT, etc.).For windows machine (I'm on windows 10), if CTRL + C (Cancel/Abort) Command on cli doesn't work, and the screen shows up like this:
Try to hit ENTER first (or any key would do) and then CTRL + C and the current process would ask if you want to terminate the batch job:
Perhaps CTRL+C only terminates the parent process while npm start runs with other child processes. Quite unsure why you have to hit that extra key though prior to CTRL+ C, but it works better than having to close the command line and start again.
A related issue you might want to check: https://github.com/mysticatea/npm-run-all/issues/74
I was having the same issue, and for me it worked by simply concatenating https:${image.getAttribute('src')}
Although officially there is no limit specified by RFC 2616, many security protocols and recommendations state that maxQueryStrings on a server should be set to a maximum character limit of 1024. While the entire URL, including the querystring, should be set to a max of 2048 characters. This is to prevent the Slow HTTP Request DDOS vulnerability on a web server. This typically shows up as a vulnerability on the Qualys Web Application Scanner and other security scanners.
Please see the below example code for Windows IIS Servers with Web.config:
<system.webServer>
<security>
<requestFiltering>
<requestLimits maxQueryString="1024" maxUrl="2048">
<headerLimits>
<add header="Content-type" sizeLimit="100" />
</headerLimits>
</requestLimits>
</requestFiltering>
</security>
</system.webServer>
This would also work on a server level using machine.config.
Note: Limiting query string and URL length may not completely prevent Slow HTTP Requests DDOS attack but it is one step you can take to prevent it.
SSSSSS is microseconds. Let us say the time is 10:30:22 (Seconds 22) and 10:30:22.1 would be 22 seconds and 1/10 of a second . Extending the same logic , 10:32.22.000132 would be 22 seconds and 132/1,000,000 of a second, which is nothing but microseconds.
I had a similar problem, when I wanted to create a command, \dx
, to abbreviate \;\mathrm{d}x
(i.e. put an extra space before the differential of the integral and have the "d" upright as well). But then I also wanted to make it flexible enough to include the variable of integration as an optional argument. I put the following code in the preamble.
\usepackage{ifthen}
\newcommand{\dx}[1][]{%
\ifthenelse{ \equal{#1}{} }
{\ensuremath{\;\mathrm{d}x}}
{\ensuremath{\;\mathrm{d}#1}}
}
Then
\begin{document}
$$\int x\dx$$
$$\int t\dx[t]$$
\end{document}
I can see that other responders have given you a complete solution. Problem with regexes is that they can be difficult to maintain/understand.
An easier solution would be to retain your existing regex, then create two new regexes to test for your "at least one alphabetic" and "at least one numeric".
So, test for this :-
/^([a-zA-Z0-9]+)$/
Then this :-
/\d/
Then this :-
/[A-Z]/i
If your string passes all three regexes, you have the answer you need.
I am giving an extract from the book "C# 6.0 in a Nutshell by Joseph Albahari and Ben Albahari"
Here’s a demonstration on the use of LinkedList:
var tune = new LinkedList<string>();
tune.AddFirst ("do"); // do
tune.AddLast ("so"); // do - so
tune.AddAfter (tune.First, "re"); // do - re- so
tune.AddAfter (tune.First.Next, "mi"); // do - re - mi- so
tune.AddBefore (tune.Last, "fa"); // do - re - mi - fa- so
tune.RemoveFirst(); // re - mi - fa - so
tune.RemoveLast(); // re - mi - fa
LinkedListNode<string> miNode = tune.Find ("mi");
tune.Remove (miNode); // re - fa
tune.AddFirst (miNode); // mi- re - fa
foreach (string s in tune) Console.WriteLine (s);
Try
$ awk 'NF>1{print $NF}' file
example.
line.
file.
To get the result in one line as in your example, try:
{
sub(/\./, ",", $NF)
str = str$NF
}
END { print str }
output:
$ awk -f script.awk file
example, line, file,
Pure bash:
$ while read line; do [ -z "$line" ] && continue ;echo ${line##* }; done < file
example.
line.
file.
This page is a interesting read on the topic: http://home.tiac.net/~cri_d/cri/2001/badsort.html
My personal favorite is Tom Duff's sillysort:
/*
* The time complexity of this thing is O(n^(a log n))
* for some constant a. This is a multiply and surrender
* algorithm: one that continues multiplying subproblems
* as long as possible until their solution can no longer
* be postponed.
*/
void sillysort(int a[], int i, int j){
int t, m;
for(;i!=j;--j){
m=(i+j)/2;
sillysort(a, i, m);
sillysort(a, m+1, j);
if(a[m]>a[j]){ t=a[m]; a[m]=a[j]; a[j]=t; }
}
}
android:background="?android:selectableItemBackground"
android:focusable="true"
android:clickable="true"
It is not possible with the default Link List web part, but there are resources describing how to extend Sharepoint server-side to add this functionality.
Share Point Links Open in New Window
Changing Link Lists in Sharepoint 2007
I doubt that this is what you want but your question is a little bit vague
Dim totalCount As Int32 = DataTable1.Columns.Count * DataTable1.Rows.Count
If all your columns are numeric-columns you might want this:
You could use DataTable.Compute to Sum
all values in the column.
Dim totalCount As Double
For Each col As DataColumn In DataTable1.Columns
totalCount += Double.Parse(DataTable1.Compute(String.Format("SUM({0})", col.ColumnName), Nothing).ToString)
Next
After you've edited your question and added more informations, this should work:
Dim totalRow = DataTable1.NewRow
For Each col As DataColumn In DataTable1.Columns
totalRow(col.ColumnName) = Double.Parse(DataTable1.Compute("SUM(" & col.ColumnName & ")", Nothing).ToString)
Next
DataTable1.Rows.Add(totalRow)
DisplayMetrics dimension = new DisplayMetrics();
getWindowManager().getDefaultDisplay().getMetrics(dimension);
int width = dimension.widthPixels;
int height = dimension.heightPixels;
Use Intent Preference if you are using preference xml screen or you if you are using you custom screen then the code would be like below
intentClearCookies = getPreferenceManager().createPreferenceScreen(this);
Intent clearcookies = new Intent(PopupPostPref.this, ClearCookies.class);
intentClearCookies.setIntent(clearcookies);
intentClearCookies.setTitle(R.string.ClearCookies);
intentClearCookies.setEnabled(true);
launchPrefCat.addPreference(intentClearCookies);
And then Create Activity Class somewhat like below, As different people as different approach you can use any approach you like this is just an example.
public class ClearCookies extends Activity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
requestWindowFeature(Window.FEATURE_NO_TITLE);
showDialog();
}
/**
* @throws NotFoundException
*/
private void showDialog() throws NotFoundException {
new AlertDialog.Builder(this)
.setTitle(getResources().getString(R.string.ClearCookies))
.setMessage(
getResources().getString(R.string.ClearCookieQuestion))
.setIcon(
getResources().getDrawable(
android.R.drawable.ic_dialog_alert))
.setPositiveButton(
getResources().getString(R.string.PostiveYesButton),
new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog,
int which) {
//Do Something Here
}
})
.setNegativeButton(
getResources().getString(R.string.NegativeNoButton),
new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog,
int which) {
//Do Something Here
}
}).show();
}}
As told before there are number of ways doing this. this is one of the way you can do your task, please accept the answer if you feel that you have got it what you wanted.
You need to setup both GOPATH
and GOBIN
. Make sure you have done the following (please replace ~/go
with your preferred GOPATH
and subsequently change GOBIN
). This is tested on Ubuntu 16.04 LTS
.
export GOPATH=~/go
mkdir ~/go/bin
export GOBIN=$GOPATH/bin
The selected answer did not solve the problem for me.
Welcome to the wonderful world of portability... or rather the lack of it. Before we start analyzing these two options in detail and take a deeper look how different operating systems handle them, it should be noted that the BSD socket implementation is the mother of all socket implementations. Basically all other systems copied the BSD socket implementation at some point in time (or at least its interfaces) and then started evolving it on their own. Of course the BSD socket implementation was evolved as well at the same time and thus systems that copied it later got features that were lacking in systems that copied it earlier. Understanding the BSD socket implementation is the key to understanding all other socket implementations, so you should read about it even if you don't care to ever write code for a BSD system.
There are a couple of basics you should know before we look at these two options. A TCP/UDP connection is identified by a tuple of five values:
{<protocol>, <src addr>, <src port>, <dest addr>, <dest port>}
Any unique combination of these values identifies a connection. As a result, no two connections can have the same five values, otherwise the system would not be able to distinguish these connections any longer.
The protocol of a socket is set when a socket is created with the socket()
function. The source address and port are set with the bind()
function. The destination address and port are set with the connect()
function. Since UDP is a connectionless protocol, UDP sockets can be used without connecting them. Yet it is allowed to connect them and in some cases very advantageous for your code and general application design. In connectionless mode, UDP sockets that were not explicitly bound when data is sent over them for the first time are usually automatically bound by the system, as an unbound UDP socket cannot receive any (reply) data. Same is true for an unbound TCP socket, it is automatically bound before it will be connected.
If you explicitly bind a socket, it is possible to bind it to port 0
, which means "any port". Since a socket cannot really be bound to all existing ports, the system will have to choose a specific port itself in that case (usually from a predefined, OS specific range of source ports). A similar wildcard exists for the source address, which can be "any address" (0.0.0.0
in case of IPv4 and ::
in case of IPv6). Unlike in case of ports, a socket can really be bound to "any address" which means "all source IP addresses of all local interfaces". If the socket is connected later on, the system has to choose a specific source IP address, since a socket cannot be connected and at the same time be bound to any local IP address. Depending on the destination address and the content of the routing table, the system will pick an appropriate source address and replace the "any" binding with a binding to the chosen source IP address.
By default, no two sockets can be bound to the same combination of source address and source port. As long as the source port is different, the source address is actually irrelevant. Binding socketA
to ipA:portA
and socketB
to ipB:portB
is always possible if ipA != ipB
holds true, even when portA == portB
. E.g. socketA
belongs to a FTP server program and is bound to 192.168.0.1:21
and socketB
belongs to another FTP server program and is bound to 10.0.0.1:21
, both bindings will succeed. Keep in mind, though, that a socket may be locally bound to "any address". If a socket is bound to 0.0.0.0:21
, it is bound to all existing local addresses at the same time and in that case no other socket can be bound to port 21
, regardless which specific IP address it tries to bind to, as 0.0.0.0
conflicts with all existing local IP addresses.
Anything said so far is pretty much equal for all major operating system. Things start to get OS specific when address reuse comes into play. We start with BSD, since as I said above, it is the mother of all socket implementations.
If SO_REUSEADDR
is enabled on a socket prior to binding it, the socket can be successfully bound unless there is a conflict with another socket bound to exactly the same combination of source address and port. Now you may wonder how is that any different than before? The keyword is "exactly". SO_REUSEADDR
mainly changes the way how wildcard addresses ("any IP address") are treated when searching for conflicts.
Without SO_REUSEADDR
, binding socketA
to 0.0.0.0:21
and then binding socketB
to 192.168.0.1:21
will fail (with error EADDRINUSE
), since 0.0.0.0 means "any local IP address", thus all local IP addresses are considered in use by this socket and this includes 192.168.0.1
, too. With SO_REUSEADDR
it will succeed, since 0.0.0.0
and 192.168.0.1
are not exactly the same address, one is a wildcard for all local addresses and the other one is a very specific local address. Note that the statement above is true regardless in which order socketA
and socketB
are bound; without SO_REUSEADDR
it will always fail, with SO_REUSEADDR
it will always succeed.
To give you a better overview, let's make a table here and list all possible combinations:
SO_REUSEADDR socketA socketB Result --------------------------------------------------------------------- ON/OFF 192.168.0.1:21 192.168.0.1:21 Error (EADDRINUSE) ON/OFF 192.168.0.1:21 10.0.0.1:21 OK ON/OFF 10.0.0.1:21 192.168.0.1:21 OK OFF 0.0.0.0:21 192.168.1.0:21 Error (EADDRINUSE) OFF 192.168.1.0:21 0.0.0.0:21 Error (EADDRINUSE) ON 0.0.0.0:21 192.168.1.0:21 OK ON 192.168.1.0:21 0.0.0.0:21 OK ON/OFF 0.0.0.0:21 0.0.0.0:21 Error (EADDRINUSE)
The table above assumes that socketA
has already been successfully bound to the address given for socketA
, then socketB
is created, either gets SO_REUSEADDR
set or not, and finally is bound to the address given for socketB
. Result
is the result of the bind operation for socketB
. If the first column says ON/OFF
, the value of SO_REUSEADDR
is irrelevant to the result.
Okay, SO_REUSEADDR
has an effect on wildcard addresses, good to know. Yet that isn't it's only effect it has. There is another well known effect which is also the reason why most people use SO_REUSEADDR
in server programs in the first place. For the other important use of this option we have to take a deeper look on how the TCP protocol works.
A socket has a send buffer and if a call to the send()
function succeeds, it does not mean that the requested data has actually really been sent out, it only means the data has been added to the send buffer. For UDP sockets, the data is usually sent pretty soon, if not immediately, but for TCP sockets, there can be a relatively long delay between adding data to the send buffer and having the TCP implementation really send that data. As a result, when you close a TCP socket, there may still be pending data in the send buffer, which has not been sent yet but your code considers it as sent, since the send()
call succeeded. If the TCP implementation was closing the socket immediately on your request, all of this data would be lost and your code wouldn't even know about that. TCP is said to be a reliable protocol and losing data just like that is not very reliable. That's why a socket that still has data to send will go into a state called TIME_WAIT
when you close it. In that state it will wait until all pending data has been successfully sent or until a timeout is hit, in which case the socket is closed forcefully.
At most, the amount of time the kernel will wait before it closes the socket, regardless if it still has data in flight or not, is called the Linger Time. The Linger Time is globally configurable on most systems and by default rather long (two minutes is a common value you will find on many systems). It is also configurable per socket using the socket option SO_LINGER
which can be used to make the timeout shorter or longer, and even to disable it completely. Disabling it completely is a very bad idea, though, since closing a TCP socket gracefully is a slightly complex process and involves sending forth and back a couple of packets (as well as resending those packets in case they got lost) and this whole close process is also limited by the Linger Time. If you disable lingering, your socket may not only lose data in flight, it is also always closed forcefully instead of gracefully, which is usually not recommended. The details about how a TCP connection is closed gracefully are beyond the scope of this answer, if you want to learn more about, I recommend you have a look at this page. And even if you disabled lingering with SO_LINGER
, if your process dies without explicitly closing the socket, BSD (and possibly other systems) will linger nonetheless, ignoring what you have configured. This will happen for example if your code just calls exit()
(pretty common for tiny, simple server programs) or the process is killed by a signal (which includes the possibility that it simply crashes because of an illegal memory access). So there is nothing you can do to make sure a socket will never linger under all circumstances.
The question is, how does the system treat a socket in state TIME_WAIT
? If SO_REUSEADDR
is not set, a socket in state TIME_WAIT
is considered to still be bound to the source address and port and any attempt to bind a new socket to the same address and port will fail until the socket has really been closed, which may take as long as the configured Linger Time. So don't expect that you can rebind the source address of a socket immediately after closing it. In most cases this will fail. However, if SO_REUSEADDR
is set for the socket you are trying to bind, another socket bound to the same address and port in state TIME_WAIT
is simply ignored, after all its already "half dead", and your socket can bind to exactly the same address without any problem. In that case it plays no role that the other socket may have exactly the same address and port. Note that binding a socket to exactly the same address and port as a dying socket in TIME_WAIT
state can have unexpected, and usually undesired, side effects in case the other socket is still "at work", but that is beyond the scope of this answer and fortunately those side effects are rather rare in practice.
There is one final thing you should know about SO_REUSEADDR
. Everything written above will work as long as the socket you want to bind to has address reuse enabled. It is not necessary that the other socket, the one which is already bound or is in a TIME_WAIT
state, also had this flag set when it was bound. The code that decides if the bind will succeed or fail only inspects the SO_REUSEADDR
flag of the socket fed into the bind()
call, for all other sockets inspected, this flag is not even looked at.
SO_REUSEPORT
is what most people would expect SO_REUSEADDR
to be. Basically, SO_REUSEPORT
allows you to bind an arbitrary number of sockets to exactly the same source address and port as long as all prior bound sockets also had SO_REUSEPORT
set before they were bound. If the first socket that is bound to an address and port does not have SO_REUSEPORT
set, no other socket can be bound to exactly the same address and port, regardless if this other socket has SO_REUSEPORT
set or not, until the first socket releases its binding again. Unlike in case of SO_REUESADDR
the code handling SO_REUSEPORT
will not only verify that the currently bound socket has SO_REUSEPORT
set but it will also verify that the socket with a conflicting address and port had SO_REUSEPORT
set when it was bound.
SO_REUSEPORT
does not imply SO_REUSEADDR
. This means if a socket did not have SO_REUSEPORT
set when it was bound and another socket has SO_REUSEPORT
set when it is bound to exactly the same address and port, the bind fails, which is expected, but it also fails if the other socket is already dying and is in TIME_WAIT
state. To be able to bind a socket to the same addresses and port as another socket in TIME_WAIT
state requires either SO_REUSEADDR
to be set on that socket or SO_REUSEPORT
must have been set on both sockets prior to binding them. Of course it is allowed to set both, SO_REUSEPORT
and SO_REUSEADDR
, on a socket.
There is not much more to say about SO_REUSEPORT
other than that it was added later than SO_REUSEADDR
, that's why you will not find it in many socket implementations of other systems, which "forked" the BSD code before this option was added, and that there was no way to bind two sockets to exactly the same socket address in BSD prior to this option.
Most people know that bind()
may fail with the error EADDRINUSE
, however, when you start playing around with address reuse, you may run into the strange situation that connect()
fails with that error as well. How can this be? How can a remote address, after all that's what connect adds to a socket, be already in use? Connecting multiple sockets to exactly the same remote address has never been a problem before, so what's going wrong here?
As I said on the very top of my reply, a connection is defined by a tuple of five values, remember? And I also said, that these five values must be unique otherwise the system cannot distinguish two connections any longer, right? Well, with address reuse, you can bind two sockets of the same protocol to the same source address and port. That means three of those five values are already the same for these two sockets. If you now try to connect both of these sockets also to the same destination address and port, you would create two connected sockets, whose tuples are absolutely identical. This cannot work, at least not for TCP connections (UDP connections are no real connections anyway). If data arrived for either one of the two connections, the system could not tell which connection the data belongs to. At least the destination address or destination port must be different for either connection, so that the system has no problem to identify to which connection incoming data belongs to.
So if you bind two sockets of the same protocol to the same source address and port and try to connect them both to the same destination address and port, connect()
will actually fail with the error EADDRINUSE
for the second socket you try to connect, which means that a socket with an identical tuple of five values is already connected.
Most people ignore the fact that multicast addresses exist, but they do exist. While unicast addresses are used for one-to-one communication, multicast addresses are used for one-to-many communication. Most people got aware of multicast addresses when they learned about IPv6 but multicast addresses also existed in IPv4, even though this feature was never widely used on the public Internet.
The meaning of SO_REUSEADDR
changes for multicast addresses as it allows multiple sockets to be bound to exactly the same combination of source multicast address and port. In other words, for multicast addresses SO_REUSEADDR
behaves exactly as SO_REUSEPORT
for unicast addresses. Actually, the code treats SO_REUSEADDR
and SO_REUSEPORT
identically for multicast addresses, that means you could say that SO_REUSEADDR
implies SO_REUSEPORT
for all multicast addresses and the other way round.
All these are rather late forks of the original BSD code, that's why they all three offer the same options as BSD and they also behave the same way as in BSD.
At its core, macOS is simply a BSD-style UNIX named "Darwin", based on a rather late fork of the BSD code (BSD 4.3), which was then later on even re-synchronized with the (at that time current) FreeBSD 5 code base for the Mac OS 10.3 release, so that Apple could gain full POSIX compliance (macOS is POSIX certified). Despite having a microkernel at its core ("Mach"), the rest of the kernel ("XNU") is basically just a BSD kernel, and that's why macOS offers the same options as BSD and they also behave the same way as in BSD.
iOS is just a macOS fork with a slightly modified and trimmed kernel, somewhat stripped down user space toolset and a slightly different default framework set. watchOS and tvOS are iOS forks, that are stripped down even further (especially watchOS). To my best knowledge they all behave exactly as macOS does.
Prior to Linux 3.9, only the option SO_REUSEADDR
existed. This option behaves generally the same as in BSD with two important exceptions:
As long as a listening (server) TCP socket is bound to a specific port, the SO_REUSEADDR
option is entirely ignored for all sockets targeting that port. Binding a second socket to the same port is only possible if it was also possible in BSD without having SO_REUSEADDR
set. E.g. you cannot bind to a wildcard address and then to a more specific one or the other way round, both is possible in BSD if you set SO_REUSEADDR
. What you can do is you can bind to the same port and two different non-wildcard addresses, as that's always allowed. In this aspect Linux is more restrictive than BSD.
The second exception is that for client sockets, this option behaves exactly like SO_REUSEPORT
in BSD, as long as both had this flag set before they were bound. The reason for allowing that was simply that it is important to be able to bind multiple sockets to exactly to the same UDP socket address for various protocols and as there used to be no SO_REUSEPORT
prior to 3.9, the behavior of SO_REUSEADDR
was altered accordingly to fill that gap. In that aspect Linux is less restrictive than BSD.
Linux 3.9 added the option SO_REUSEPORT
to Linux as well. This option behaves exactly like the option in BSD and allows binding to exactly the same address and port number as long as all sockets have this option set prior to binding them.
Yet, there are still two differences to SO_REUSEPORT
on other systems:
To prevent "port hijacking", there is one special limitation: All sockets that want to share the same address and port combination must belong to processes that share the same effective user ID! So one user cannot "steal" ports of another user. This is some special magic to somewhat compensate for the missing SO_EXCLBIND
/SO_EXCLUSIVEADDRUSE
flags.
Additionally the kernel performs some "special magic" for SO_REUSEPORT
sockets that isn't found in other operating systems: For UDP sockets, it tries to distribute datagrams evenly, for TCP listening sockets, it tries to distribute incoming connect requests (those accepted by calling accept()
) evenly across all the sockets that share the same address and port combination. Thus an application can easily open the same port in multiple child processes and then use SO_REUSEPORT
to get a very inexpensive load balancing.
Even though the whole Android system is somewhat different from most Linux distributions, at its core works a slightly modified Linux kernel, thus everything that applies to Linux should apply to Android as well.
Windows only knows the SO_REUSEADDR
option, there is no SO_REUSEPORT
. Setting SO_REUSEADDR
on a socket in Windows behaves like setting SO_REUSEPORT
and SO_REUSEADDR
on a socket in BSD, with one exception:
Prior to Windows 2003, a socket with SO_REUSEADDR
could always been bound to exactly the same source address and port as an already bound socket, even if the other socket did not have this option set when it was bound. This behavior allowed an application "to steal" the connected port of another application. Needless to say that this has major security implications!
Microsoft realized that and added another important socket option: SO_EXCLUSIVEADDRUSE
. Setting SO_EXCLUSIVEADDRUSE
on a socket makes sure that if the binding succeeds, the combination of source address and port is owned exclusively by this socket and no other socket can bind to them, not even if it has SO_REUSEADDR
set.
This default behavior was changed first in Windows 2003, Microsoft calls that "Enhanced Socket Security" (funny name for a behavior that is default on all other major operating systems). For more details just visit this page. There are three tables: The first one shows the classic behavior (still in use when using compatibility modes!), the second one shows the behavior of Windows 2003 and up when the bind()
calls are made by the same user, and the third one when the bind()
calls are made by different users.
Solaris is the successor of SunOS. SunOS was originally based on a fork of BSD, SunOS 5 and later was based on a fork of SVR4, however SVR4 is a merge of BSD, System V, and Xenix, so up to some degree Solaris is also a BSD fork, and a rather early one. As a result Solaris only knows SO_REUSEADDR
, there is no SO_REUSEPORT
. The SO_REUSEADDR
behaves pretty much the same as it does in BSD. As far as I know there is no way to get the same behavior as SO_REUSEPORT
in Solaris, that means it is not possible to bind two sockets to exactly the same address and port.
Similar to Windows, Solaris has an option to give a socket an exclusive binding. This option is named SO_EXCLBIND
. If this option is set on a socket prior to binding it, setting SO_REUSEADDR
on another socket has no effect if the two sockets are tested for an address conflict. E.g. if socketA
is bound to a wildcard address and socketB
has SO_REUSEADDR
enabled and is bound to a non-wildcard address and the same port as socketA
, this bind will normally succeed, unless socketA
had SO_EXCLBIND
enabled, in which case it will fail regardless the SO_REUSEADDR
flag of socketB
.
In case your system is not listed above, I wrote a little test program that you can use to find out how your system handles these two options. Also if you think my results are wrong, please first run that program before posting any comments and possibly making false claims.
All that the code requires to build is a bit POSIX API (for the network parts) and a C99 compiler (actually most non-C99 compiler will work as well as long as they offer inttypes.h
and stdbool.h
; e.g. gcc
supported both long before offering full C99 support).
All that the program needs to run is that at least one interface in your system (other than the local interface) has an IP address assigned and that a default route is set which uses that interface. The program will gather that IP address and use it as the second "specific address".
It tests all possible combinations you can think of:
SO_REUSEADDR
set on socket1, socket2, or both socketsSO_REUSEPORT
set on socket1, socket2, or both sockets0.0.0.0
(wildcard), 127.0.0.1
(specific address), and the second specific address found at your primary interface (for multicast it's just 224.1.2.3
in all tests)and prints the results in a nice table. It will also work on systems that don't know SO_REUSEPORT
, in which case this option is simply not tested.
What the program cannot easily test is how SO_REUSEADDR
acts on sockets in TIME_WAIT
state as it's very tricky to force and keep a socket in that state. Fortunately most operating systems seems to simply behave like BSD here and most of the time programmers can simply ignore the existence of that state.
Here's the code (I cannot include it here, answers have a size limit and the code would push this reply over the limit).
The code posted in the question is obviously not a a complete example (it's not adding anything to the arraylist, it's not defining i
anywhere).
First as others have said you need to understand the difference between primitive types and the class types that box them. E.g. Integer
boxes int
, Double
boxes double
, Long
boxes long
and so-on. Java automatically boxes and unboxes in various scenarios (it used to be you had to box and unbox manually with library calls but that was deemed an ugly PITA).
http://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/java/data/autoboxing.html
You can mostly cast from one primitive type to another (the exception being boolean
) but you can't do the same for boxed types. To convert one boxed type to another is a bit more complex. Especially if you don't know the box type in advance. Usually it will involve converting via one or more primitive types.
So the answer to your question depends on what is in your arraylist, if it's just objects of type Integer you can do.
sum = ((double)(int)marks.get(i));
The cast to int
will behind the scenes first cast the result of marks.get
to Integer
, then it will unbox that integer. We then use another cast to convert the primitive int
to a primitive double
. Finally the result will be autoboxed back into a Double
when it is assigned to the sum variable. (asside, it would probablly make more sense for sum to be of type double
rather than Double
in most cases).
If your arraylist contains a mixture of types but they all implement the Number
interface (Integer, Short, Long, Float and Double all do but Character and Boolean do not) then you can do.
sum = ((Number)marks.get(i)).doubleValue();
If there are other types in the mix too then you might need to consider using the instanceof
operator to identify them and take appropriate action.
For 2 use cases:
grep -m 2
is per file max occurrence. git grep
which doesn't take -m
A good alternative in these scenarios is grep | sed 2q
to grep first 2 occurrences across all files. sed documentation: https://www.gnu.org/software/sed/manual/sed.html
This is a long standing issue with chromedriver(still present in 2020).
In Chrome I changed from a zoom of 90% to 100% and that solved the problem. ref
I find TheLifeOfSteve's answer more reliable.
Another way of creating and initializing an array of objects. This is similar to the example which @Amol has posted above, except this one uses constructors. A dash of polymorphism sprinkled in, I couldn't resist.
IUser[] userArray = new IUser[]
{
new DummyUser("[email protected]", "Gibberish"),
new SmartyUser("[email protected]", "Italian", "Engineer")
};
Classes for context:
interface IUser
{
string EMail { get; } // immutable, so get only an no set
string Language { get; }
}
public class DummyUser : IUser
{
public DummyUser(string email, string language)
{
m_email = email;
m_language = language;
}
private string m_email;
public string EMail
{
get { return m_email; }
}
private string m_language;
public string Language
{
get { return m_language; }
}
}
public class SmartyUser : IUser
{
public SmartyUser(string email, string language, string occupation)
{
m_email = email;
m_language = language;
m_occupation = occupation;
}
private string m_email;
public string EMail
{
get { return m_email; }
}
private string m_language;
public string Language
{
get { return m_language; }
}
private string m_occupation;
}
Here's one important thing to know in addition to everything said before.
Query plans are often too complex to be represented by the built-in XML column type which has a limitation of 127 levels of nested elements. That is one of the reasons why sys.dm_exec_query_plan may return NULL
or even throw an error in earlier MS SQL versions, so generally it's safer to use sys.dm_exec_text_query_plan instead. The latter also has a useful bonus feature of selecting a plan for a particular statement rather than the whole batch. Here's how you use it to view plans for currently running statements:
SELECT p.query_plan
FROM sys.dm_exec_requests AS r
OUTER APPLY sys.dm_exec_text_query_plan(
r.plan_handle,
r.statement_start_offset,
r.statement_end_offset) AS p
The text column in the resulting table is however not very handy compared to an XML column. To be able to click on the result to be opened in a separate tab as a diagram, without having to save its contents to a file, you can use a little trick (remember you cannot just use CAST(... AS XML)
), although this will only work for a single row:
SELECT Tag = 1, Parent = NULL, [ShowPlanXML!1!!XMLTEXT] = query_plan
FROM sys.dm_exec_text_query_plan(
-- set these variables or copy values
-- from the results of the above query
@plan_handle,
@statement_start_offset,
@statement_end_offset)
FOR XML EXPLICIT
In addition to Gaby aka's method, we can find elements inside htmlObject
in this way -
htmlObj.find("#box").html();
Fiddle is available here - http://jsfiddle.net/ashwyn/76gL3/
For me, simply adding the current directory worked.
Using the following structure:
+-- myproject
+-- a.py
+-- b.py
a.py:
from b import some_object
# returns ModuleNotFound error
from myproject.b import some_object
# works
To be precise and crisp
LAMP is L(Linux) A(Apache) M(Mysql) P(PHP5) is a combined package intended for web-application development.
The easiest way to install Lamp is as follows
1) Using tasksel
Below are the list of commands
sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get install tasksel sudo tasksel ( will give you a prompt check the LAMP server and select Ok)
Thats it LAMP is ready to glow your knowledge.
You can use Task Scheduler Managed Wrapper:
using System;
using Microsoft.Win32.TaskScheduler;
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
// Get the service on the local machine
using (TaskService ts = new TaskService())
{
// Create a new task definition and assign properties
TaskDefinition td = ts.NewTask();
td.RegistrationInfo.Description = "Does something";
// Create a trigger that will fire the task at this time every other day
td.Triggers.Add(new DailyTrigger { DaysInterval = 2 });
// Create an action that will launch Notepad whenever the trigger fires
td.Actions.Add(new ExecAction("notepad.exe", "c:\\test.log", null));
// Register the task in the root folder
ts.RootFolder.RegisterTaskDefinition(@"Test", td);
// Remove the task we just created
ts.RootFolder.DeleteTask("Test");
}
}
}
Alternatively you can use native API or go for Quartz.NET. See this for details.
When you go to a stream url, you get offered a file. feed this file to a parser to extract the contents out of it. the file is (usually) plain text and contains the url to play.
You convert type np.dot(X, T)
to float32 like this:
z=np.array(np.dot(X, T),dtype=np.float32)
def sigmoid(X, T):
return (1.0 / (1.0 + np.exp(-z)))
Hopefully it will finally work!
The JSON reference states:
any-Unicode-character- except-"-or-\\-or- control-character
Then lists the standard escape codes:
\" Standard JSON quote \\ Backslash (Escape char) \/ Forward slash \b Backspace (ascii code 08) \f Form feed (ascii code 0C) \n Newline \r Carriage return \t Horizontal Tab \u four-hex-digits
From this I assumed that I needed to escape all the listed ones and all the other ones are optional. You can choose to encode all characters into \uXXXX
if you so wished, or you could only do any non-printable 7-bit ASCII characters or characters with Unicode value not in \u0020 <= x <= \u007E
range (32 - 126)
. Preferably do the standard characters first for shorter escape codes and thus better readability and performance.
Additionally you can read point 2.5 (Strings) from RFC 4627.
You may (or may not) want to (further) escape other characters depending on where you embed that JSON string, but that is outside the scope of this question.
Some compact syntax that achieves the desired result, POJS:
"mousemove touchmove".split(" ").forEach(function(e){
window.addEventListener(e,mouseMoveHandler,false);
});
user225312's answer is correct:
A. To count number of characters in str
object, you can use len()
function:
>>> print(len('please anwser my question'))
25
B. To get memory size in bytes allocated to store str
object, you can use sys.getsizeof()
function
>>> from sys import getsizeof
>>> print(getsizeof('please anwser my question'))
50
It gets complicated for Python 2.
A. The len()
function in Python 2 returns count of bytes allocated to store encoded characters in a str
object.
Sometimes it will be equal to character count:
>>> print(len('abc'))
3
But sometimes, it won't:
>>> print(len('???')) # String contains Cyrillic symbols
6
That's because str
can use variable-length encoding internally. So, to count characters in str
you should know which encoding your str
object is using. Then you can convert it to unicode
object and get character count:
>>> print(len('???'.decode('utf8'))) #String contains Cyrillic symbols
3
B. The sys.getsizeof()
function does the same thing as in Python 3 - it returns count of bytes allocated to store the whole string object
>>> print(getsizeof('???'))
27
>>> print(getsizeof('???'.decode('utf8')))
32
There is a Hidden
helper alongside HiddenFor
which lets you set the value.
@Html.Hidden("RequiredProperty", "default")
EDIT Based on the edit you've made to the question, you could do this, but I believe you're moving into territory where it will be cheaper and more effective, in the long run, to fight for making the code change. As has been said, even by yourself, the controller or view model should be setting the default.
This code:
<ul>
@{
var stacks = new System.Diagnostics.StackTrace().GetFrames();
foreach (var frame in stacks)
{
<li>@frame.GetMethod().Name - @frame.GetMethod().DeclaringType</li>
}
}
</ul>
Will give output like this:
Execute - ASP._Page_Views_ViewDirectoryX__SubView_cshtml
ExecutePageHierarchy - System.Web.WebPages.WebPageBase
ExecutePageHierarchy - System.Web.Mvc.WebViewPage
ExecutePageHierarchy - System.Web.WebPages.WebPageBase
RenderView - System.Web.Mvc.RazorView
Render - System.Web.Mvc.BuildManagerCompiledView
RenderPartialInternal - System.Web.Mvc.HtmlHelper
RenderPartial - System.Web.Mvc.Html.RenderPartialExtensions
Execute - ASP._Page_Views_ViewDirectoryY__MainView_cshtml
So assuming the MVC framework will always go through the same stack, you can grab var frame = stacks[8];
and use the declaring type to determine who your parent view is, and then use that determination to set (or not) the default value. You could also walk the stack instead of directly grabbing [8]
which would be safer but even less efficient.
Well to obtain all different values in a Dataframe
you can use distinct. As you can see in the documentation that method returns another DataFrame
. After that you can create a UDF
in order to transform each record.
For example:
val df = sc.parallelize(Array((1, 2), (3, 4), (1, 6))).toDF("age", "salary")
// I obtain all different values. If you show you must see only {1, 3}
val distinctValuesDF = df.select(df("age")).distinct
// Define your udf. In this case I defined a simple function, but they can get complicated.
val myTransformationUDF = udf(value => value / 10)
// Run that transformation "over" your DataFrame
val afterTransformationDF = distinctValuesDF.select(myTransformationUDF(col("age")))
If that's a global object, you can use if (!window.maybeObject)
Because some images could have less than 500px of height, it's better to keep the auto-adjust, so i recommend the following:
<div class="carousel-inner" role="listbox" style="max-width:900px; max-height:600px !important;">`
The path should be something like: "Images\a.bmp"
. (Note the lack of a leading slash, and the slashes being back slashes.)
And then:
pictureBox1.Image = Image.FromFile(@"Images\a.bmp");
I just tried it to make sure, and it works. This is besides the other answer that you got - to "copy always".
- (float)__getMemoryUsedPer1
{
struct mach_task_basic_info info;
mach_msg_type_number_t size = MACH_TASK_BASIC_INFO;
kern_return_t kerr = task_info(mach_task_self(), MACH_TASK_BASIC_INFO, (task_info_t)&info, &size);
if (kerr == KERN_SUCCESS)
{
float used_bytes = info.resident_size;
float total_bytes = [NSProcessInfo processInfo].physicalMemory;
//NSLog(@"Used: %f MB out of %f MB (%f%%)", used_bytes / 1024.0f / 1024.0f, total_bytes / 1024.0f / 1024.0f, used_bytes * 100.0f / total_bytes);
return used_bytes / total_bytes;
}
return 1;
}
If one will use TASK_BASIC_INFO_COUNT instead of MACH_TASK_BASIC_INFO, you will get
kerr == KERN_INVALID_ARGUMENT (4)
You can use cross platform solution https://www.npmjs.com/package/cross-env
$ cross-env PORT=1234
You are using the wrong build.gradle
file.
In your top-level file you can't define an android
block.
Just move this part inside the module/build.gradle
file.
android {
compileSdkVersion 17
buildToolsVersion '23.0.0'
}
dependencies {
compile files('app/libs/junit-4.12-JavaDoc.jar')
}
apply plugin: 'maven'
Add angular cookie lib : angular-cookies.js
You can use $cookies or $cookieStore parameter to the respective controller
Main controller add this inject 'ngCookies':
angular.module("myApp", ['ngCookies']);
Use Cookies in your controller like this way:
app.controller('checkoutCtrl', function ($scope, $rootScope, $http, $state, $cookies) {
//store cookies
$cookies.putObject('final_total_price', $rootScope.fn_pro_per);
//Get cookies
$cookies.getObject('final_total_price'); }
Try WooCommerce Product Filter, plugin developed by Mihajlovicnenad.com. You can filter your products by any criteria. Also, it integrates with your Shop and archive pages perfectly. Here is a screenshot. And this is just one of the layouts, you can customize and make your own. Look at demo site. Thanks!
Use strstr(const char *s , const char *t)
and include<string.h>
You can write your own function which behaves same as strstr
and you can modify according to your requirement also
char * str_str(const char *s, const char *t)
{
int i, j, k;
for (i = 0; s[i] != '\0'; i++)
{
for (j=i, k=0; t[k]!='\0' && s[j]==t[k]; j++, k++);
if (k > 0 && t[k] == '\0')
return (&s[i]);
}
return NULL;
}
you must write it in SQL not it C/PHP style
IF( action = 2 AND state = 0, 1, 0 ) AS state
for use in query
IF ( action = 2 AND state = 0 ) THEN SET state = 1
for use in stored procedures or functions
If you don't care about loading the file into memory, as of Go 1.16, you can use the os.ReadFile
and bytes.Count
functions.
package main
import (
"log"
"os"
"bytes"
)
func main() {
data, err := os.ReadFile("input.txt")
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
n := bytes.Count(data, []byte{'\n'})
fmt.Printf("input.txt has %d lines\n", n)
}
Try readlink
which will resolve symbolic links:
readlink -e /foo/bar/baz
When a module is loaded from a file in Python, __file__
is set to its path. You can then use that with other functions to find the directory that the file is located in.
Taking your examples one at a time:
A = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), '..')
# A is the parent directory of the directory where program resides.
B = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__))
# B is the canonicalised (?) directory where the program resides.
C = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(__file__))
# C is the absolute path of the directory where the program resides.
You can see the various values returned from these here:
import os
print(__file__)
print(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), '..'))
print(os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__)))
print(os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(__file__)))
and make sure you run it from different locations (such as ./text.py
, ~/python/text.py
and so forth) to see what difference that makes.
I just want to address some confusion first. __file__
is not a wildcard it is an attribute. Double underscore attributes and methods are considered to be "special" by convention and serve a special purpose.
http://docs.python.org/reference/datamodel.html shows many of the special methods and attributes, if not all of them.
In this case __file__
is an attribute of a module (a module object). In Python a .py
file is a module. So import amodule
will have an attribute of __file__
which means different things under difference circumstances.
Taken from the docs:
__file__
is the pathname of the file from which the module was loaded, if it was loaded from a file. The__file__
attribute is not present for C modules that are statically linked into the interpreter; for extension modules loaded dynamically from a shared library, it is the pathname of the shared library file.
In your case the module is accessing it's own __file__
attribute in the global namespace.
To see this in action try:
# file: test.py
print globals()
print __file__
And run:
python test.py
{'__builtins__': <module '__builtin__' (built-in)>, '__name__': '__main__', '__file__':
'test_print__file__.py', '__doc__': None, '__package__': None}
test_print__file__.py
You need add parameter errors='coerce'
to function to_numeric
:
ID = pd.to_numeric(ID, errors='coerce')
If ID
is column:
df.ID = pd.to_numeric(df.ID, errors='coerce')
but non numeric are converted to NaN
, so all values are float
.
For int
need convert NaN
to some value e.g. 0
and then cast to int
:
df.ID = pd.to_numeric(df.ID, errors='coerce').fillna(0).astype(np.int64)
Sample:
df = pd.DataFrame({'ID':['4806105017087','4806105017087','CN414149']})
print (df)
ID
0 4806105017087
1 4806105017087
2 CN414149
print (pd.to_numeric(df.ID, errors='coerce'))
0 4.806105e+12
1 4.806105e+12
2 NaN
Name: ID, dtype: float64
df.ID = pd.to_numeric(df.ID, errors='coerce').fillna(0).astype(np.int64)
print (df)
ID
0 4806105017087
1 4806105017087
2 0
EDIT: If use pandas 0.25+ then is possible use integer_na
:
df.ID = pd.to_numeric(df.ID, errors='coerce').astype('Int64')
print (df)
ID
0 4806105017087
1 4806105017087
2 NaN
Use dictionary views:
if x in d.viewvalues():
dosomething()..
If you face this problem while publishing your website or application on some server, the simple solution I used is to convert folder which contains files to web application.
I got this error message because while coding my project auto update compile version in my build.gradle
file :
android {
...
buildToolsVersion "23.0.2"
...
}
dependencies {
compile fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])
testCompile 'junit:junit:4.12'
compile 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:23.4.0'
compile 'com.android.support:design:23.4.0' }
Solve it by correcting the version:
android {
...
buildToolsVersion "23.0.2"
...
}
dependencies {
compile fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])
testCompile 'junit:junit:4.12'
compile 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:23.0.1'
compile 'com.android.support:design:23.0.1'
}
in case if your table has tbody
let tbl = document.getElementById("tbl").getElementsByTagName('tbody')[0];
console.log(tbl.rows[0].cells[0].innerHTML)
this.$router.go()
does exactly this; if no arguments are specified, the router navigates to current location, refreshing the page.
note: current implementation of router and its history components don't mark the param as optional, but IMVHO it's either a bug or an omission on Evan You's part, since the spec explicitly allows it. I've filed an issue report about it. If you're really concerned with current TS annotations, just use the equivalent this.$router.go(0)
As to 'why is it so': go
internally passes its arguments to window.history.go
, so its equal to windows.history.go()
- which, in turn, reloads the page, as per MDN doc.
note: since this executes a "soft" reload on regular desktop (non-portable) Firefox, a bunch of strange quirks may appear if you use it but in fact you require a true reload; using the window.location.reload(true);
(https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Location/reload) mentioned by OP instead may help - it certainly did solve my problems on FF.
From documentation:
To comply with the
SQL
standard,IN
returnsNULL
not only if the expression on the left hand side isNULL
, but also if no match is found in the list and one of the expressions in the list isNULL
.
This is exactly your case.
Both IN
and NOT IN
return NULL
which is not an acceptable condition for WHERE
clause.
Rewrite your query as follows:
SELECT *
FROM match m
WHERE NOT EXISTS
(
SELECT 1
FROM email e
WHERE e.id = m.id
)
the font size to em mapping is only accurate if there is no font-size defined and changes when your container is set to different sizes.
The following works best for me but it does not account for size=7 and anything above 7 only renders as 7.
font size=1 = font-size:x-small
font size=2 = font-size:small
font size=3 = font-size:medium
font size=4 = font-size:large
font size=5 = font-size:x-large
font size=6 = font-size:xx-large
string message = null;
//reset the password
var result = await IdentityManager.Passwords.ResetPasswordAsync(model.Token, model.Password);
if (result.Success)
{
message = "The password has been reset.";
return RedirectToAction("PasswordResetCompleted", new { message = message });
}
else
{
AddErrors(result);
}
This snippet of code is taken out of the AspNetIdentitySample project available on github
From the help page on searching code, it seems that this isn't yet possible.
You can search for text in your repository, including the ability to choose files or paths to search in, but you can't specify that you want to search in commits.
Maybe suggest this to them?
As I learnd in university most of the answers above are right. In PRACTISE on different platforms (always using python) spawning multiple threads ends up like spawning one process. The difference is the multiple cores share the load instead of only 1 core processing everything at 100%. So if you spawn for example 10 threads on a 4 core pc, you will end up getting only the 25% of the cpus power!! And if u spawn 10 processes u will end up with the cpu processing at 100% (if u dont have other limitations). Im not a expert in all the new technologies. Im answering with own real experience background
df.index
Index
object. list(df.index)
df.index['Row 2':'Row 5']
I dont think youre returning json object from server. just a string.
you need the dataType of the return object to be json
Click on: 1. Your project 2. Signing & Capabilities 3. Select your Team.
I had the same issues when trying to populate a list of all the unique threads a user had with other users. This did the trick for me
Message::where('from_user', $user->id)
->select(['from_user', 'to_user'])
->selectRaw('MAX(created_at) AS last_date')
->groupBy(['from_user', 'to_user'])
->orderBy('last_date', 'DESC')
->get()
The only "easy way" of doing this is as follows. First, realize that there is a difference between what is displayed and what is kept hidden in the Excel .csv file.
This file is in UTF-8 and retains all characters and accents and can be imported, for example, into MySQL and other database programs.
This answer is taken from this forum.
The easiest way: Use gson, google's own goto json library. https://code.google.com/p/google-gson/
Here is a sample. I'm going to this free geolocator website and parsing the json and displaying my zipcode. (just put this stuff in a main method to test it out)
String sURL = "http://freegeoip.net/json/"; //just a string
// Connect to the URL using java's native library
URL url = new URL(sURL);
URLConnection request = url.openConnection();
request.connect();
// Convert to a JSON object to print data
JsonParser jp = new JsonParser(); //from gson
JsonElement root = jp.parse(new InputStreamReader((InputStream) request.getContent())); //Convert the input stream to a json element
JsonObject rootobj = root.getAsJsonObject(); //May be an array, may be an object.
String zipcode = rootobj.get("zip_code").getAsString(); //just grab the zipcode
Yow can change the DropDownStyle in properties to DropDownList. This will not show the TextBox for filter.
(Screenshot provided by FUSION CHA0S.)
It is 2019 and many of the answers here would work, depending on what you want to do. If you want to pass in some internal state not visible in URL (params, query) you can use state
since 7.2 (as I have learned just today :) ).
From the blog (credits Tomasz Kula) - you navigate to route....
...from ts: this.router.navigateByUrl('/details', { state: { hello: 'world' } });
...from HTML template: <a routerLink="/details" [state]="{ hello: 'world' }">Go</a>
And to pick it up in the target component:
constructor(public activatedRoute: ActivatedRoute) {}
ngOnInit() {
this.state$ = this.activatedRoute.paramMap
.pipe(map(() => window.history.state))
}
Late, but hope this helps someone with recent Angular.
As a simplification to chrfin's response, since Chrome should be on the run path if installed, you could just call:
Process.Start("chrome.exe", "http://www.YourUrl.com");
This seem to work as expected for me, opening a new tab if Chrome is already open.
For posterity: Like AxeEffect said... if you have no typos check to see if you have ridiculous characters in your local branch name, like commas or apostrophes. Exactly that happened to me just now.
The problem is that your ui
property uses a forward declaration of class Ui::MainWindowClass
, hence the "incomplete type" error.
Including the header file in which this class is declared will fix the problem.
EDIT
Based on your comment, the following code:
namespace Ui
{
class MainWindowClass;
}
does NOT declare a class. It's a forward declaration, meaning that the class will exist at some point, at link time.
Basically, it just tells the compiler that the type will exist, and that it shouldn't warn about it.
But the class has to be defined somewhere.
Note this can only work if you have a pointer to such a type.
You can't have a statically allocated instance of an incomplete type.
So either you actually want an incomplete type, and then you should declare your ui
member as a pointer:
namespace Ui
{
// Forward declaration - Class will have to exist at link time
class MainWindowClass;
}
class MainWindow : public QMainWindow
{
private:
// Member needs to be a pointer, as it's an incomplete type
Ui::MainWindowClass * ui;
};
Or you want a statically allocated instance of Ui::MainWindowClass
, and then it needs to be declared.
You can do it in another header file (usually, there's one header file per class).
But simply changing the code to:
namespace Ui
{
// Real class declaration - May/Should be in a specific header file
class MainWindowClass
{};
}
class MainWindow : public QMainWindow
{
private:
// Member can be statically allocated, as the type is complete
Ui::MainWindowClass ui;
};
will also work.
Note the difference between the two declarations. First uses a forward declaration, while the second one actually declares the class (here with no properties nor methods).
Simply use title in tag like
<i class="fa fa-edit" title="Edit Mode"></i>
This will show 'Edit Mode' when hover that icon.
Extract unique words sorted ASC from a list of phrases:
List<String> phrases = Arrays.asList(
"sporadic perjury",
"confounded skimming",
"incumbent jailer",
"confounded jailer");
List<String> uniqueWords = phrases
.stream()
.flatMap(phrase -> Stream.of(phrase.split("\\s+")))
.distinct()
.sorted()
.collect(Collectors.toList());
System.out.println("Unique words: " + uniqueWords);
... and the output:
Unique words: [confounded, incumbent, jailer, perjury, skimming, sporadic]
Thanks for this post. I got this worked for using mustache templates in my asp.net mvc project I used the following, and it worked for me.
<system.webServer>
<staticContent>
<mimeMap fileExtension=".mustache" mimeType="text/html"/>
</staticContent>
</system.WebServer>
class Materials:
Shaded, Shiny, Transparent, Matte = range(4)
>>> print Materials.Matte
3
Option 1 is to use display:table-cell
. You need to unfloat the Bootstrap col-* using float:none
..
.center {
display:table-cell;
vertical-align:middle;
float:none;
}
Option 2 is display:flex
to vertical align the row with flexbox:
.row.center {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
}
http://www.bootply.com/7rAuLpMCwr
Vertical centering is very different in Bootstrap 4. See this answer for Bootstrap 4 https://stackoverflow.com/a/41464397/171456
To accept both @PathVariable
and @RequestParam
in the same /user
endpoint:
@GetMapping(path = {"/user", "/user/{data}"})
public void user(@PathVariable(required=false,name="data") String data,
@RequestParam(required=false) Map<String,String> qparams) {
qparams.forEach((a,b) -> {
System.out.println(String.format("%s -> %s",a,b));
}
if (data != null) {
System.out.println(data);
}
}
Testing with curl:
KeyboardInterrupt and signals are only seen by the process (ie the main thread)... Have a look at Ctrl-c i.e. KeyboardInterrupt to kill threads in python
Just use any one of NoException (my project), jOO?'s Unchecked, throwing-lambdas, Throwable interfaces, or Faux Pas.
// NoException
stream.map(Exceptions.sneak().function(Class::forName));
// jOO?
stream.map(Unchecked.function(Class::forName));
// throwing-lambdas
stream.map(Throwing.function(Class::forName).sneakyThrow());
// Throwable interfaces
stream.map(FunctionWithThrowable.aFunctionThatUnsafelyThrowsUnchecked(Class::forName));
// Faux Pas
stream.map(FauxPas.throwingFunction(Class::forName));
In my case, IIS was fine but.. uh.. all the files in the folder except web.config had been deleted (a manual deployment half-done on a test site).
With New-Item you can add the Force parameter
New-Item -Force -ItemType directory -Path foo
Or the ErrorAction parameter
New-Item -ErrorAction Ignore -ItemType directory -Path foo
Make two static cultures, one for comma and one for point.
var commaCulture = new CultureInfo("en")
{
NumberFormat =
{
NumberDecimalSeparator = ","
}
};
var pointCulture = new CultureInfo("en")
{
NumberFormat =
{
NumberDecimalSeparator = "."
}
};
Then use each one respectively, depending on the input (using a function):
public double ConvertToDouble(string input)
{
input = input.Trim();
if (input == "0") {
return 0;
}
if (input.Contains(",") && input.Split(',').Length == 2)
{
return Convert.ToDouble(input, commaCulture);
}
if (input.Contains(".") && input.Split('.').Length == 2)
{
return Convert.ToDouble(input, pointCulture);
}
throw new Exception("Invalid input!");
}
Then loop through your arrays
var strings = new List<string> {"0,12", "0.122", "1,23", "00,0", "0.00", "12.5000", "0.002", "0,001"};
var doubles = new List<double>();
foreach (var value in strings) {
doubles.Add(ConvertToDouble(value));
}
This should work even though the host environment and culture changes.
In python3 the following works:
>>> v=10.4
>>> print('% 6.2f' % v)
10.40
>>> print('% 12.1f' % v)
10.4
>>> print('%012.1f' % v)
0000000010.4
Your code "for /f "tokens=* delims=" %%x in (a.txt) do echo %%x" will work on most Windows Operating Systems unless you have modified commands.
So you could instead "cd" into the directory to read from before executing the "for /f" command to follow out the string. For instance if the file "a.txt" is located at C:\documents and settings\%USERNAME%\desktop\a.txt then you'd use the following.
cd "C:\documents and settings\%USERNAME%\desktop"
for /f "tokens=* delims=" %%x in (a.txt) do echo %%x
echo.
echo.
echo.
pause >nul
exit
But since this doesn't work on your computer for x reason there is an easier and more efficient way of doing this. Using the "type" command.
@echo off
color a
cls
cd "C:\documents and settings\%USERNAME%\desktop"
type a.txt
echo.
echo.
pause >nul
exit
Or if you'd like them to select the file from which to write in the batch you could do the following.
@echo off
:A
color a
cls
echo Choose the file that you want to read.
echo.
echo.
tree
echo.
echo.
echo.
set file=
set /p file=File:
cls
echo Reading from %file%
echo.
type %file%
echo.
echo.
echo.
set re=
set /p re=Y/N?:
if %re%==Y goto :A
if %re%==y goto :A
exit
This answer doesn't help for SQL databases where SharePoint is connected. db_securityadmin is required for the configuration databases. In order to add db_securityadmin, you will need to change the owner of the database to an administrative account. You can use that account just for dbo roles.
Just use the length
property of a JavaScript
array like so:
$scope.names.length
Also, I don't see a starting <script>
tag in your code.
If you want the length inside your view, do it like so:
{{ names.length }}
As mentioned above, be sure that you don't set any id fields which are supposed to be auto-generated.
To cause this problem during testing, make sure that the db 'sees' aka flush this SQL, otherwise everything may seem fine when really its not.
I encountered this problem when inserting my parent with a child into the db:
The 3. statement failed. Indeed the entry with the autogenerated ID (by Hibernate) was not in the table as a trigger changed the ID upon each insertion, thus letting the update fail with no matching row found.
Since the table can be updated without any Hibernate I added a check whether the ID is null and only fill it in then to the trigger.
There's actually quite a bit of useful information added to debug allocations. This table is more complete:
http://www.nobugs.org/developer/win32/debug_crt_heap.html#table
Address Offset After HeapAlloc() After malloc() During free() After HeapFree() Comments 0x00320FD8 -40 0x01090009 0x01090009 0x01090009 0x0109005A Win32 heap info 0x00320FDC -36 0x01090009 0x00180700 0x01090009 0x00180400 Win32 heap info 0x00320FE0 -32 0xBAADF00D 0x00320798 0xDDDDDDDD 0x00320448 Ptr to next CRT heap block (allocated earlier in time) 0x00320FE4 -28 0xBAADF00D 0x00000000 0xDDDDDDDD 0x00320448 Ptr to prev CRT heap block (allocated later in time) 0x00320FE8 -24 0xBAADF00D 0x00000000 0xDDDDDDDD 0xFEEEFEEE Filename of malloc() call 0x00320FEC -20 0xBAADF00D 0x00000000 0xDDDDDDDD 0xFEEEFEEE Line number of malloc() call 0x00320FF0 -16 0xBAADF00D 0x00000008 0xDDDDDDDD 0xFEEEFEEE Number of bytes to malloc() 0x00320FF4 -12 0xBAADF00D 0x00000001 0xDDDDDDDD 0xFEEEFEEE Type (0=Freed, 1=Normal, 2=CRT use, etc) 0x00320FF8 -8 0xBAADF00D 0x00000031 0xDDDDDDDD 0xFEEEFEEE Request #, increases from 0 0x00320FFC -4 0xBAADF00D 0xFDFDFDFD 0xDDDDDDDD 0xFEEEFEEE No mans land 0x00321000 +0 0xBAADF00D 0xCDCDCDCD 0xDDDDDDDD 0xFEEEFEEE The 8 bytes you wanted 0x00321004 +4 0xBAADF00D 0xCDCDCDCD 0xDDDDDDDD 0xFEEEFEEE The 8 bytes you wanted 0x00321008 +8 0xBAADF00D 0xFDFDFDFD 0xDDDDDDDD 0xFEEEFEEE No mans land 0x0032100C +12 0xBAADF00D 0xBAADF00D 0xDDDDDDDD 0xFEEEFEEE Win32 heap allocations are rounded up to 16 bytes 0x00321010 +16 0xABABABAB 0xABABABAB 0xABABABAB 0xFEEEFEEE Win32 heap bookkeeping 0x00321014 +20 0xABABABAB 0xABABABAB 0xABABABAB 0xFEEEFEEE Win32 heap bookkeeping 0x00321018 +24 0x00000010 0x00000010 0x00000010 0xFEEEFEEE Win32 heap bookkeeping 0x0032101C +28 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000000 0xFEEEFEEE Win32 heap bookkeeping 0x00321020 +32 0x00090051 0x00090051 0x00090051 0xFEEEFEEE Win32 heap bookkeeping 0x00321024 +36 0xFEEE0400 0xFEEE0400 0xFEEE0400 0xFEEEFEEE Win32 heap bookkeeping 0x00321028 +40 0x00320400 0x00320400 0x00320400 0xFEEEFEEE Win32 heap bookkeeping 0x0032102C +44 0x00320400 0x00320400 0x00320400 0xFEEEFEEE Win32 heap bookkeeping
sudo find / -Bmin 60
From the man
page:
-Bmin n
True if the difference between the time of a file's inode creation and the time
find
was started, rounded up to the next full minute, is n minutes.
Obviously, you may want to set up a bit differently, but this primary seems the best solution for searching for any file created in the last N minutes.
XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();
doc.LoadXml(str);
Where str
is your XML string. See the MSDN article for more info.
To get an array as result from a json string you should set second param as boolean true.
$result = json_decode($json_string, true);
$context = $result['context'];
Otherwise $result will be an std object. but you can access values as object.
$result = json_decode($json_string);
$context = $result->context;
it is pretty easy to calculate the MD5 hash using the MD5 function of CryptoJS and the HTML5 FileReader API. The following code snippet shows how you can read the binary data and calculate the MD5 hash from an image that has been dragged into your Browser:
var holder = document.getElementById('holder');
holder.ondragover = function() {
return false;
};
holder.ondragend = function() {
return false;
};
holder.ondrop = function(event) {
event.preventDefault();
var file = event.dataTransfer.files[0];
var reader = new FileReader();
reader.onload = function(event) {
var binary = event.target.result;
var md5 = CryptoJS.MD5(binary).toString();
console.log(md5);
};
reader.readAsBinaryString(file);
};
I recommend to add some CSS to see the Drag & Drop area:
#holder {
border: 10px dashed #ccc;
width: 300px;
height: 300px;
}
#holder.hover {
border: 10px dashed #333;
}
More about the Drag & Drop functionality can be found here: File API & FileReader
I tested the sample in Google Chrome Version 32.
This question already has a lot of answers, but Mathias Bynens mentioned that 'utf8mb4' should be used instead of 'utf8' in order to have better UTF-8 support ('utf8' does not support 4 byte characters, fields are truncated on insert). I consider this to be an important difference. So here is yet another answer on how to set the default character set and collation. One that'll allow you to insert a pile of poo ().
This works on MySQL 5.5.35.
Note, that some of the settings may be optional. As I'm not entirely sure that I haven't forgotten anything, I'll make this answer a community wiki.
mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'char%'; SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'collation%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client | utf8 |
| character_set_connection | utf8 |
| character_set_database | latin1 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | utf8 |
| character_set_server | latin1 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)
+----------------------+-------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+----------------------+-------------------+
| collation_connection | utf8_general_ci |
| collation_database | latin1_swedish_ci |
| collation_server | latin1_swedish_ci |
+----------------------+-------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
#
# UTF-8 should be used instead of Latin1. Obviously.
# NOTE "utf8" in MySQL is NOT full UTF-8: http://mathiasbynens.be/notes/mysql-utf8mb4
[client]
default-character-set = utf8mb4
[mysqld]
character-set-server = utf8mb4
collation-server = utf8mb4_unicode_ci
[mysql]
default-character-set = utf8mb4
mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'char%'; SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'collation%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client | utf8mb4 |
| character_set_connection | utf8mb4 |
| character_set_database | utf8mb4 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | utf8mb4 |
| character_set_server | utf8mb4 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)
+----------------------+--------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+----------------------+--------------------+
| collation_connection | utf8mb4_general_ci |
| collation_database | utf8mb4_unicode_ci |
| collation_server | utf8mb4_unicode_ci |
+----------------------+--------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
character_set_system is always utf8.
This won't affect existing tables, it's just the default setting (used for new tables). The following ALTER code can be used to convert an existing table (without the dump-restore workaround):
ALTER DATABASE databasename CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci;
ALTER TABLE tablename CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci;
Edit:
On a MySQL 5.0 server: character_set_client, character_set_connection, character_set_results, collation_connection remain at latin1. Issuing SET NAMES utf8
(utf8mb4 not available in that version) sets those to utf8 as well.
Caveat:
If you had a utf8 table with an index column of type VARCHAR(255), it can't be converted in some cases, because the maximum key length is exceeded (Specified key was too long; max key length is 767 bytes.
). If possible, reduce the column size from 255 to 191 (because 191 * 4 = 764 < 767 < 192 * 4 = 768). After that, the table can be converted.
I know this is very late, but maybe this will help someone else.
I use a Cancel button to return to the referring url. In the View, try adding this:
@{
ViewBag.Title = "Page title";
Layout = "~/Views/Shared/_Layout.cshtml";
if (Request.UrlReferrer != null)
{
string returnURL = Request.UrlReferrer.ToString();
ViewBag.ReturnURL = returnURL;
}
}
Then you can set your buttons href like this:
<a href="@ViewBag.ReturnURL" class="btn btn-danger">Cancel</a>
Other than that, the update by Jason Enochs works great!
[+]is simpler
String s = "ddjdjdj+kfkfkf";
if(s.contains ("+"))
{
String parts[] = s.split("[+]");
s = parts[0]; // i want to strip part after +
}
System.out.println(s);
#header {
top:0;
width:100%;
position:fixed;
background-color:#FFF;
}
#content {
position:static;
margin-top:100px;
}
<configuration>
<location path="Path/To/Public/Folder">
<system.web>
<authorization>
<allow users="?"/>
</authorization>
</system.web>
</location>
</configuration>
List<Item> list;
Map<Key,Item> map = new HashMap<Key,Item>();
for (Item i : list) map.put(i.getKey(),i);
Assuming of course that each Item has a getKey()
method that returns a key of the proper type.
pack_forget
and grid_forget
will only remove widgets from view, it doesn't destroy them. If you don't plan on re-using the widgets, your only real choice is to destroy them with the destroy
method.
To do that you have two choices: destroy each one individually, or destroy the frame which will cause all of its children to be destroyed. The latter is generally the easiest and most effective.
Since you claim you don't want to destroy the container frame, create a secondary frame. Have this secondary frame be the container for all the widgets you want to delete, and then put this one frame inside the parent you do not want to destroy. Then, it's just a matter of destroying this one frame and all of the interior widgets will be destroyed along with it.
Partially. The text is inserted, but the warning is still generated.
I found a discussion that indicated the text needed to be preceded with 'E', as such:
insert into EscapeTest (text) values (E'This is the first part \n And this is the second');
This suppressed the warning, but the text was still not being returned correctly. When I added the additional slash as Michael suggested, it worked.
As such:
insert into EscapeTest (text) values (E'This is the first part \\n And this is the second');
.val()
always works with textarea
elements.
.text()
works sometimes and fails other times! It's not reliable (tested in Chrome 33)
What's best is that .val()
works seamlessly with other form elements too (like input
) whereas .text()
fails.
Official(?) instructions: http://peak.telecommunity.com/DevCenter/EasyInstall#uninstalling-packages
If you have replaced a package with another version, then you can just delete the package(s) you don't need by deleting the PackageName-versioninfo.egg file or directory (found in the installation directory).
If you want to delete the currently installed version of a package (or all versions of a package), you should first run:
easy_install -mxN PackageName
This will ensure that Python doesn't continue to search for a package you're planning to remove. After you've done this, you can safely delete the .egg files or directories, along with any scripts you wish to remove.
After you parse it with Javascript, try this:
mandrill_events[0].event
None of this works for me. I found this to be the working solution. But my case is specific to images.
String[] filePathColumn = { MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA };
Cursor cursor = getActivity().getContentResolver().query(uri, filePathColumn, null, null, null);
cursor.moveToFirst();
int columnIndex = cursor.getColumnIndex(filePathColumn[0]);
String filePath = cursor.getString(columnIndex);
cursor.close();
This is often caused by an attempt to process a null object. An example, trying to empty a Bindable list that is null will trigger the exception:
public class MyViewModel {
[BindableProperty]
public virtual IList<Products> ProductsList{ get; set; }
public MyViewModel ()
{
ProductsList.Clear(); // here is the problem
}
}
This could easily be fixed by checking for null:
if (ProductsList!= null) ProductsList.Clear();
Create a new Item and go to the last you'll find option to copy from existing, just write your current job name and you will have clone of that project to work with.
If you want to make sure that no tasks will run at the same time then use a SingleThreadedExecutor. The tasks will be processed in the order the are submitted. You don't even need to hold the tasks, just submit them to the exec.
To alter the password expiry policy for a certain user profile in Oracle first check which profile the user is using:
select profile from DBA_USERS where username = '<username>';
Then you can change the limit to never expire using:
alter profile <profile_name> limit password_life_time UNLIMITED;
If you want to previously check the limit you may use:
select resource_name,limit from dba_profiles where profile='<profile_name>';
I think this sample explains the difference between the styles:
james@bodacious-wired:~$cat test.py
#!/usr/bin/env python
class MyClass:
element1 = "Hello"
def __init__(self):
self.element2 = "World"
obj = MyClass()
print dir(MyClass)
print "--"
print dir(obj)
print "--"
print obj.element1
print obj.element2
print MyClass.element1 + " " + MyClass.element2
james@bodacious-wired:~$./test.py
['__doc__', '__init__', '__module__', 'element1']
--
['__doc__', '__init__', '__module__', 'element1', 'element2']
--
Hello World
Hello
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "./test.py", line 17, in <module>
print MyClass.element2
AttributeError: class MyClass has no attribute 'element2'
element1 is bound to the class, element2 is bound to an instance of the class.
Just telling my resolution: in my case, the libraries and projects weren't being added automatically to the classpath (i don't know why), even clicking at the "add to build path" option. So I went on run -> run configurations -> classpath and added everything I needed through there.
You'll need at least C++11.
#include <thread>
#include <chrono>
...
std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(200));
With Spring Boot, I'm not entirely sure why this was necessary (I got the /error
fallback even though @ResponseBody
was defined on an @ExceptionHandler
), but the following in itself did not work:
@ResponseBody
@ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST)
@ExceptionHandler(IllegalArgumentException.class)
public ErrorMessage handleIllegalArguments(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, IllegalArgumentException e) {
log.error("Illegal arguments received.", e);
ErrorMessage errorMessage = new ErrorMessage();
errorMessage.code = 400;
errorMessage.message = e.getMessage();
return errorMessage;
}
It still threw an exception, apparently because no producible media types were defined as a request attribute:
// AbstractMessageConverterMethodProcessor
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
protected <T> void writeWithMessageConverters(T value, MethodParameter returnType,
ServletServerHttpRequest inputMessage, ServletServerHttpResponse outputMessage)
throws IOException, HttpMediaTypeNotAcceptableException, HttpMessageNotWritableException {
Class<?> valueType = getReturnValueType(value, returnType);
Type declaredType = getGenericType(returnType);
HttpServletRequest request = inputMessage.getServletRequest();
List<MediaType> requestedMediaTypes = getAcceptableMediaTypes(request);
List<MediaType> producibleMediaTypes = getProducibleMediaTypes(request, valueType, declaredType);
if (value != null && producibleMediaTypes.isEmpty()) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("No converter found for return value of type: " + valueType); // <-- throws
}
// ....
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
protected List<MediaType> getProducibleMediaTypes(HttpServletRequest request, Class<?> valueClass, Type declaredType) {
Set<MediaType> mediaTypes = (Set<MediaType>) request.getAttribute(HandlerMapping.PRODUCIBLE_MEDIA_TYPES_ATTRIBUTE);
if (!CollectionUtils.isEmpty(mediaTypes)) {
return new ArrayList<MediaType>(mediaTypes);
So I added them.
@ResponseBody
@ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST)
@ExceptionHandler(IllegalArgumentException.class)
public ErrorMessage handleIllegalArguments(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, IllegalArgumentException e) {
Set<MediaType> mediaTypes = new HashSet<>();
mediaTypes.add(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8);
httpServletRequest.setAttribute(HandlerMapping.PRODUCIBLE_MEDIA_TYPES_ATTRIBUTE, mediaTypes);
log.error("Illegal arguments received.", e);
ErrorMessage errorMessage = new ErrorMessage();
errorMessage.code = 400;
errorMessage.message = e.getMessage();
return errorMessage;
}
And this got me through to have a "supported compatible media type", but then it still didn't work, because my ErrorMessage
was faulty:
public class ErrorMessage {
int code;
String message;
}
JacksonMapper did not handle it as "convertable", so I had to add getters/setters, and I also added @JsonProperty
annotation
public class ErrorMessage {
@JsonProperty("code")
private int code;
@JsonProperty("message")
private String message;
public int getCode() {
return code;
}
public void setCode(int code) {
this.code = code;
}
public String getMessage() {
return message;
}
public void setMessage(String message) {
this.message = message;
}
}
Then I received my message as intended
{"code":400,"message":"An \"url\" parameter must be defined."}
You don't need to force unwrap the titleLabel to set it.
myButton.titleLabel?.font = UIFont(name: YourfontName, size: 20)
Since you're not using the titleLabel here, you can just optionally use it and if it's nil it will just be a no-op.
I'll also add as other people are saying, the font property is deprecated, and make sure to use setTitle:forControlState:
when setting the title text.
Use s1.equalsIgnoreCase(s2)
: https://docs.oracle.com/javase/1.5.0/docs/api/java/lang/String.html#equalsIgnoreCase(java.lang.String).
This will explain it, I think...
import java.io.*;
class reading
{
public static void main(String args[]) throws IOException
{
float number;
System.out.println("Enter a number");
try
{
InputStreamReader in = new InputStreamReader(System.in);
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(in);
String a = br.readLine();
number = Float.valueOf(a);
int x = (int)number;
System.out.println("Your input=" + number);
System.out.println("Your input in integer terms is = " + x);
}
catch(Exception e){
}
}
}
Another one is Orika - https://github.com/orika-mapper/orika
Orika is a Java Bean mapping framework that recursively copies (among other capabilities) data from one object to another. It can be very useful when developing multi-layered applications.
Orika focuses on automating as much as possible, while providing customization through configuration and extension where needed.
Orika enables the developer to :
- Map complex and deeply structured objects
- "Flatten" or "Expand" objects by mapping nested properties to top-level properties, and vice versa
- Create mappers on-the-fly, and apply customizations to control some or all of the mapping
- Create converters for complete control over the mapping of a specific set of objects anywhere in the object graph--by type, or even by specific property name
- Handle proxies or enhanced objects (like those of Hibernate, or the various mock frameworks)
- Apply bi-directional mapping with one configuration
- Map to instances of an appropriate concrete class for a target abstract class or interface
- Handle reverse mappings
- Handle complex conventions beyond JavaBean specs.
Orika uses byte code generation to create fast mappers with minimal overhead.
I use this method:
<form name='test' method=post action='sendme.php'>
<input type=text name='test1'>
<input type=button value='send' onClick='document.test.submit()'>
<input type=image src='spacer.gif'> <!-- <<<< this is the secret! -->
</form>
Basically, I just add an invisible input of type image (where "spacer.gif" is a 1x1 transparent gif).
In this way, I can submit this form either with the 'send' button or simply by pressing enter on the keyboard.
This is the trick!
Thanks to @Pax Diablo, @bvmou and @Arachnid for the suggestion of using full datetimes throughout. If I have to accept datetime.time objects from an external source, then this seems to be an alternative add_secs_to_time()
function:
def add_secs_to_time(timeval, secs_to_add):
dummy_date = datetime.date(1, 1, 1)
full_datetime = datetime.datetime.combine(dummy_date, timeval)
added_datetime = full_datetime + datetime.timedelta(seconds=secs_to_add)
return added_datetime.time()
This verbose code can be compressed to this one-liner:
(datetime.datetime.combine(datetime.date(1, 1, 1), timeval) + datetime.timedelta(seconds=secs_to_add)).time()
but I think I'd want to wrap that up in a function for code clarity anyway.
I did something similar but I use binding to get the selected item :
<DataGrid Grid.Row="1" AutoGenerateColumns="False" Name="dataGrid"
IsReadOnly="True" SelectionMode="Single"
ItemsSource="{Binding ObservableContactList}"
SelectedItem="{Binding SelectedContact}">
<DataGrid.Columns>
<DataGridTextColumn Binding="{Binding Path=Name}" Header="Name"/>
<DataGridTextColumn Binding="{Binding Path=FamilyName}" Header="FamilyName"/>
<DataGridTextColumn Binding="{Binding Path=Age}" Header="Age"/>
<DataGridTextColumn Binding="{Binding Path=Relation}" Header="Relation"/>
<DataGridTextColumn Binding="{Binding Path=Phone.Display}" Header="Phone"/>
<DataGridTextColumn Binding="{Binding Path=Address.Display}" Header="Addr"/>
<DataGridTextColumn Binding="{Binding Path=Mail}" Header="E-mail"/>
</DataGrid.Columns>
</DataGrid>
So I can access my SelectedContact.Name in my ViewModel.
Based on Tim Down's answer, but it checks for the last known "good" text row. It places the cursor at the very end.
Furthermore, I could also recursively/iteratively check the last child of each consecutive last child to find the absolute last "good" text node in the DOM.
function onClickHandler() {_x000D_
setCaret(document.getElementById("editable"));_x000D_
}_x000D_
_x000D_
function setCaret(el) {_x000D_
let range = document.createRange(),_x000D_
sel = window.getSelection(),_x000D_
lastKnownIndex = -1;_x000D_
for (let i = 0; i < el.childNodes.length; i++) {_x000D_
if (isTextNodeAndContentNoEmpty(el.childNodes[i])) {_x000D_
lastKnownIndex = i;_x000D_
}_x000D_
}_x000D_
if (lastKnownIndex === -1) {_x000D_
throw new Error('Could not find valid text content');_x000D_
}_x000D_
let row = el.childNodes[lastKnownIndex],_x000D_
col = row.textContent.length;_x000D_
range.setStart(row, col);_x000D_
range.collapse(true);_x000D_
sel.removeAllRanges();_x000D_
sel.addRange(range);_x000D_
el.focus();_x000D_
}_x000D_
_x000D_
function isTextNodeAndContentNoEmpty(node) {_x000D_
return node.nodeType == Node.TEXT_NODE && node.textContent.trim().length > 0_x000D_
}
_x000D_
<div id="editable" contenteditable="true">_x000D_
text text text<br>text text text<br>text text text<br>_x000D_
</div>_x000D_
<button id="button" onclick="onClickHandler()">focus</button>
_x000D_
I do not think that this can be done. Here is some code copied with no modifications from Chip Pearson's site: http://www.cpearson.com/excel/UnSelect.aspx.
UnSelectActiveCell
This procedure will remove the Active Cell from the Selection.
Sub UnSelectActiveCell()
Dim R As Range
Dim RR As Range
For Each R In Selection.Cells
If StrComp(R.Address, ActiveCell.Address, vbBinaryCompare) <> 0 Then
If RR Is Nothing Then
Set RR = R
Else
Set RR = Application.Union(RR, R)
End If
End If
Next R
If Not RR Is Nothing Then
RR.Select
End If
End Sub
UnSelectCurrentArea
This procedure will remove the Area containing the Active Cell from the Selection.
Sub UnSelectCurrentArea()
Dim Area As Range
Dim RR As Range
For Each Area In Selection.Areas
If Application.Intersect(Area, ActiveCell) Is Nothing Then
If RR Is Nothing Then
Set RR = Area
Else
Set RR = Application.Union(RR, Area)
End If
End If
Next Area
If Not RR Is Nothing Then
RR.Select
End If
End Sub
PHP uses Content-Type "text/html" as default - which is pretty similar to "text/plain" - and this explains why you don't see any differences. text/plain is necessary if you want to output text as is (including <>-symbols). Examples:
header("Content-Type: text/plain");
echo "<b>hello world</b>";
// Output: <b>hello world</b>
header("Content-Type: text/html");
echo "<b>hello world</b>";
// Output: hello world
Just create a file my.ini file in installation dir and have the below config as part of this file to solve this permanently.
[mysql]
user=root
password=root
2016 Answer:
Javascript has this function, so no need for Jquery.
yournumber.toLocaleString("en");
A JSON object is simply a javascript object, so with Javascript being a prototype based language, all you have to do is address it using the dot notation.
mything.NewField = 'foo';
Just log out of phpMyAdmin, that is all you need to do
Use Asynchronous operations with BeginRead/BeginWrite and AsyncCallback.
Finally found this method:
basename($_SERVER['REQUEST_URI']);
This will return all URLs with page name. (e.g.: index.php?id=1&name=rr&class=10
).
For me, I tried the above. Turns out my USB cable was bad. I changed the cable and then it worked.
It depends on how reliable you want this function to be. If you want to know if the particular process instance you have is still running and available with 100% accuracy then you are out of luck. The reason being that from the managed process object there are only 2 ways to identify the process.
The first is the Process Id. Unfortunately, process ids are not unique and can be recycled. Searching the process list for a matching Id will only tell you that there is a process with the same id running, but it's not necessarily your process.
The second item is the Process Handle. It has the same problem though as the Id and it's more awkward to work with.
If you're looking for medium level reliability then checking the current process list for a process of the same ID is sufficient.
Sadly, I don't think there is. The Matrix
class is responsible for all image manipulations, whether it's rotating, shrinking/growing, skewing, etc.
http://developer.android.com/reference/android/graphics/Matrix.html
My apologies, but I can't think of an alternative. Maybe someone else might be able to, but the times I've had to manipulate an image I've used a Matrix.
Best of luck!
I used this:
jQuery.validator.addMethod("phoneUS", function(phone_number, element) {
phone_number = phone_number.replace(/\s+/g, "");
return this.optional(element) || phone_number.length > 9 &&
phone_number.match(/^(1-?)?(\([2-9]\d{2}\)|[2-9]\d{2})-?[2-9]\d{2}-?\d{4}$/);
}, "Please specify a valid phone number");
Add the icon to the project resources and rename to icon.
Open the designer of the form you want to add the icon to.
Append the InitializeComponent function.
Add this line in the top:
this.Icon = PROJECTNAME.Properties.Resources.icon;
repeat step 4 for any forms in your project you want to update
Another way to make it in Python 3:
numbers = [*map(int, numbers)]
I answered this already, but some reason the answer was converted to a comment. Nevertheless, this is the most efficient solution:
Not being able to include (and propagate) NaNs in groups is quite aggravating. Citing R is not convincing, as this behavior is not consistent with a lot of other things. Anyway, the dummy hack is also pretty bad. However, the size (includes NaNs) and the count (ignores NaNs) of a group will differ if there are NaNs.
dfgrouped = df.groupby(['b']).a.agg(['sum','size','count'])
dfgrouped['sum'][dfgrouped['size']!=dfgrouped['count']] = None
When these differ, you can set the value back to None for the result of the aggregation function for that group.
Default file format is Parquet with spark.read.. and file reading csv that why you are getting the exception. Specify csv format with api you are trying to use
This is the solution that worked for me
https://gist.github.com/elidickinson/5525752#gistcomment-1649300, thanks to @philipp-klinz
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" style="padding:0px;margin:0px;width:100%;">
<tr><td colspan="3" style="padding:0px;margin:0px;font-size:20px;height:20px;" height="20"> </td></tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding:0px;margin:0px;"> </td>
<td style="padding:0px;margin:0px;" width="560"><!-- max width goes here -->
<!-- PLACE CONTENT HERE -->
</td>
<td style="padding:0px;margin:0px;"> </td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="3" style="padding:0px;margin:0px;font-size:20px;height:20px;" height="20"> </td></tr>
</table>
A solution similar to the one of @Nick G. by using filter, but make the parameter meaningful:
Implement an filter called relativedate
which calculate the date relative to current date by the given parameter as diff. As a result, (0 | relativedate)
means today and (1 | relativedate)
means tomorrow.
.filter('relativedate', ['$filter', function ($filter) {
return function (rel, format) {
let date = new Date();
date.setDate(date.getDate() + rel);
return $filter('date')(date, format || 'yyyy-MM-dd')
};
}]);
and your html:
<div ng-app="myApp">
<div>Yesterday: {{-1 | relativedate}}</div>
<div>Today: {{0 | relativedate}}</div>
<div>Tomorrow: {{1 | relativedate}}</div>
</div>
While creating the matrix X
and Y
vector use values
.
X=dataset.iloc[:,4].values
Y=dataset.iloc[:,0:4].values
It will definitely solve your problem.
Your code is correct. Just put them inside the <VirtualHost *:443>
Example:
<VirtualHost *:443>
SSLEnable
RewriteEngine On
RewriteCond %{HTTPS} on
RewriteRule (.*) http://%{HTTP_HOST}%{REQUEST_URI}
</VirtualHost>
The online documentation seems a little unclear, so I just performed a little test. Choosing to break on Thrown from the Exceptions dialog box causes the program execution to break on any exception, handled or unhandled. If you want to break on handled exceptions only, it seems your only recourse is to go through your code and put breakpoints on all your handled exceptions. This seems a little excessive, so it might be better to add a debug statement whenever you handle an exception. Then when you see that output, you can set a breakpoint at that line in the code.
if you have parent element than your parent element must have overflow: hidden; property because if your children content is getting oveflowed from parent border than your border will be visible .otherwise your borderradius is working but it is hide by your children content.
.outer {
width: 200px;
height: 120px;
border: 1px solid black;
margin-left: 50px;
overflow: hidden;
border-radius: 30px;
}
.inner1 {
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
background-image: linear-gradient(#FF9933,white, green);
border: 1px solid black;
}
_x000D_
<div class="outer">
<div class="inner1">
</div>
</div>
_x000D_
If you only care about the local machine, you can rely on the psutil package. You can either:
Check all ports used by a specific pid:
proc = psutil.Process(pid)
print proc.connections()
Check all ports used on the local machine:
print psutil.net_connections()
It works on Windows too.
Now that GDPR is a thing, people visiting this question probably use a cookie script. Well, that script caused the problem for me. Apparently, PHP uses a cookie called PHPSESSID
to track the session. If that script deletes it, you lose your data.
I used this cookie script. It has an option to enable "essential" cookies. I added PHPSESSID
to the list, the script stopped deleting the cookie, and everything started to work again.
You could probably enable some PHP setting to avoid using PHPSESSID
, but if your cookie script is the cause of the problem, why not fix that.
As all the other correct answers says, die
and exit
are identical/aliases.
Although I have a personal convention that when I want to end the execution of a script when it is expected and desired, I use exit;
. And when I need to end the execution due to some problems (couldn't connect to db, can't write to file etc.), I use die("Something went wrong.");
to "kill" the script.
When I use exit:
header( "Location: http://www.example.com/" ); /* Redirect browser */
/* Make sure that code below does not get executed when we redirect. */
exit; // I would like to end now.
When I use die:
$data = file_get_contents( "file.txt" );
if( $data === false ) {
die( "Failure." ); // I don't want to end, but I can't continue. Die, script! Die!
}
do_something_important( $data );
This way, when I see exit
at some point in my code, I know that at this point I want to exit because the logic ends here.
When I see die
, I know that I'd like to continue execution, but I can't or shouldn't due to error in previous execution.
Of course this only works when working on a project alone. When there is more people nobody will prevent them to use die
or exit
where it does not fit my conventions...
Below is the right code. Include JS files in following manner:
$(document).ready(function() {_x000D_
$(function() {_x000D_
$('#datetimepicker6').datetimepicker();_x000D_
$('#datetimepicker7').datetimepicker({_x000D_
useCurrent: false //Important! See issue #1075_x000D_
});_x000D_
$("#datetimepicker6").on("dp.change", function(e) {_x000D_
$('#datetimepicker7').data("DateTimePicker").minDate(e.date);_x000D_
});_x000D_
$("#datetimepicker7").on("dp.change", function(e) {_x000D_
$('#datetimepicker6').data("DateTimePicker").maxDate(e.date);_x000D_
});_x000D_
});_x000D_
});
_x000D_
<html>_x000D_
_x000D_
<!-- Latest compiled and minified CSS -->_x000D_
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.3.5/css/bootstrap.min.css">_x000D_
_x000D_
<!-- Optional theme -->_x000D_
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.3.5/css/bootstrap-theme.min.css">_x000D_
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/bootstrap-datetimepicker/4.17.37/css/bootstrap-datetimepicker.min.css" />_x000D_
_x000D_
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/moment.js/2.10.6/moment.min.js"></script>_x000D_
<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.11.3/jquery.min.js"></script>_x000D_
<script src="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.3.5/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>_x000D_
_x000D_
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/bootstrap-datetimepicker/4.17.37/js/bootstrap-datetimepicker.min.js"></script>_x000D_
_x000D_
<body>_x000D_
_x000D_
_x000D_
_x000D_
<div class="container">_x000D_
<div class='col-md-5'>_x000D_
<div class="form-group">_x000D_
<div class='input-group date' id='datetimepicker6'>_x000D_
<input type='text' class="form-control" />_x000D_
<span class="input-group-addon">_x000D_
<span class="glyphicon glyphicon-calendar"></span>_x000D_
</span>_x000D_
</div>_x000D_
</div>_x000D_
</div>_x000D_
<div class='col-md-5'>_x000D_
<div class="form-group">_x000D_
<div class='input-group date' id='datetimepicker7'>_x000D_
<input type='text' class="form-control" />_x000D_
<span class="input-group-addon">_x000D_
<span class="glyphicon glyphicon-calendar"></span>_x000D_
</span>_x000D_
</div>_x000D_
</div>_x000D_
</div>_x000D_
</div>_x000D_
_x000D_
_x000D_
_x000D_
</body>_x000D_
_x000D_
_x000D_
</html>
_x000D_
I used this code to solve this problem.
<a href="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?url=myUrl&text=myTitle" target="_blank"><img src="path_to_my_image"/></a>
You can check the tweet-button documentation here tweet-button
I found 2 suggestions elsewhere via Google that suggested a) making sure your db connectionstring (the one that Roles is using) is correct and that the key to it is spelled correctly, and b) that the Enabled flag on RoleManager is set to true. Hope one of those helps. It did for me.
Did you try checking Roles.Enabled? Also, you can check Roles.Providers to see how many providers are available and you can check the Roles.Provider for the default provider. If it is null then there isn't one.
yes there is!
$(function () {
$("#first").animate({
width: '200px'
}, { duration: 200, queue: false });
$("#second").animate({
width: '600px'
}, { duration: 200, queue: false });
});
Use a common table expression to add grand total row, top 100
is required for order by
to work.
With Detail as
(
SELECT top 100 propertyId, SUM(Amount) as TOTAL_COSTS
FROM MyTable
WHERE EndDate IS NULL
GROUP BY propertyId
ORDER BY TOTAL_COSTS desc
)
Select * from Detail
Union all
Select ' Total ', sum(TOTAL_COSTS) from Detail
Just give you some idea may help you, if you want fully control dialog, you can try to avoid use of default button options, and add buttons by yourself in your #dialog div. You also can put data into some dummy attribute of link, like Click. call attr("data") when you need it.
This is how to write it in "Swift" An adjustment to @lipka's answer:
tableView.contentInset = UIEdgeInsetsMake(20.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0)
Expanding the #down
child to fill the remaining space of #container
can be accomplished in various ways depending on the browser support you wish to achieve and whether or not #up
has a defined height.
Samples
.container {_x000D_
width: 100px;_x000D_
height: 300px;_x000D_
border: 1px solid red;_x000D_
float: left;_x000D_
}_x000D_
.up {_x000D_
background: green;_x000D_
}_x000D_
.down {_x000D_
background: pink;_x000D_
}_x000D_
.grid.container {_x000D_
display: grid;_x000D_
grid-template-rows: 100px;_x000D_
}_x000D_
.flexbox.container {_x000D_
display: flex;_x000D_
flex-direction: column;_x000D_
}_x000D_
.flexbox.container .down {_x000D_
flex-grow: 1;_x000D_
}_x000D_
.calc .up {_x000D_
height: 100px;_x000D_
}_x000D_
.calc .down {_x000D_
height: calc(100% - 100px);_x000D_
}_x000D_
.overflow.container {_x000D_
overflow: hidden;_x000D_
}_x000D_
.overflow .down {_x000D_
height: 100%;_x000D_
}
_x000D_
<div class="grid container">_x000D_
<div class="up">grid_x000D_
<br />grid_x000D_
<br />grid_x000D_
<br />_x000D_
</div>_x000D_
<div class="down">grid_x000D_
<br />grid_x000D_
<br />grid_x000D_
<br />_x000D_
</div>_x000D_
</div>_x000D_
<div class="flexbox container">_x000D_
<div class="up">flexbox_x000D_
<br />flexbox_x000D_
<br />flexbox_x000D_
<br />_x000D_
</div>_x000D_
<div class="down">flexbox_x000D_
<br />flexbox_x000D_
<br />flexbox_x000D_
<br />_x000D_
</div>_x000D_
</div>_x000D_
<div class="calc container">_x000D_
<div class="up">calc_x000D_
<br />calc_x000D_
<br />calc_x000D_
<br />_x000D_
</div>_x000D_
<div class="down">calc_x000D_
<br />calc_x000D_
<br />calc_x000D_
<br />_x000D_
</div>_x000D_
</div>_x000D_
<div class="overflow container">_x000D_
<div class="up">overflow_x000D_
<br />overflow_x000D_
<br />overflow_x000D_
<br />_x000D_
</div>_x000D_
<div class="down">overflow_x000D_
<br />overflow_x000D_
<br />overflow_x000D_
<br />_x000D_
</div>_x000D_
</div>
_x000D_
Grid
CSS's grid
layout offers yet another option, though it may not be as straightforward as the Flexbox model. However, it only requires styling the container element:
.container { display: grid; grid-template-rows: 100px }
The grid-template-rows
defines the first row as a fixed 100px height, and the remain rows will automatically stretch to fill the remaining space.
I'm pretty sure IE11 requires -ms-
prefixes, so make sure to validate the functionality in the browsers you wish to support.
Flexbox
CSS3's Flexible Box Layout Module (flexbox
) is now well-supported and can be very easy to implement. Because it is flexible, it even works when #up
does not have a defined height.
#container { display: flex; flex-direction: column; }
#down { flex-grow: 1; }
It's important to note that IE10 & IE11 support for some flexbox properties can be buggy, and IE9 or below has no support at all.
Calculated Height
Another easy solution is to use the CSS3 calc
functional unit, as Alvaro points out in his answer, but it requires the height of the first child to be a known value:
#up { height: 100px; }
#down { height: calc( 100% - 100px ); }
It is pretty widely supported, with the only notable exceptions being <= IE8 or Safari 5 (no support) and IE9 (partial support). Some other issues include using calc in conjunction with transform or box-shadow, so be sure to test in multiple browsers if that is of concern to you.
Other Alternatives
If older support is needed, you could add height:100%;
to #down
will make the pink div full height, with one caveat. It will cause overflow for the container, because #up
is pushing it down.
Therefore, you could add overflow: hidden;
to the container to fix that.
Alternatively, if the height of #up
is fixed, you could position it absolutely within the container, and add a padding-top to #down
.
And, yet another option would be to use a table display:
#container { width: 300px; height: 300px; border: 1px solid red; display: table;}
#up { background: green; display: table-row; height: 0; }
#down { background: pink; display: table-row;}?
David Crawshaw project(sqlitejdbc-v056.jar) seems out of date and last update was Jun 20, 2009, source here
I would recomend Xerials fork of Crawshaw sqlite wrapper. I replaced sqlitejdbc-v056.jar with Xerials sqlite-jdbc-3.7.2.jar file without any problem.
Uses same syntax as in Bernie's answer and is much faster and with latest sqlite library.
What is different from Zentus's SQLite JDBC?
The original Zentus's SQLite JDBC driver http://www.zentus.com/sqlitejdbc/ itself is an excellent utility for using SQLite databases from Java language, and our SQLiteJDBC library also relies on its implementation. However, its pure-java version, which totally translates c/c++ codes of SQLite into Java, is significantly slower compared to its native version, which uses SQLite binaries compiled for each OS (win, mac, linux).
To use the native version of sqlite-jdbc, user had to set a path to the native codes (dll, jnilib, so files, which are JNDI C programs) by using command-line arguments, e.g., -Djava.library.path=(path to the dll, jnilib, etc.), or -Dorg.sqlite.lib.path, etc. This process was error-prone and bothersome to tell every user to set these variables. Our SQLiteJDBC library completely does away these inconveniences.
Another difference is that we are keeping this SQLiteJDBC libray up-to-date to the newest version of SQLite engine, because we are one of the hottest users of this library. For example, SQLite JDBC is a core component of UTGB (University of Tokyo Genome Browser) Toolkit, which is our utility to create personalized genome browsers.
EDIT : As usual when you update something, there will be problems in some obscure place in your code(happened to me). Test test test =)
Well, here is my "answer". It uses the fact that String.Split can be told hold many items it should split to (which I found lacking in the other answers):
string theString = "Some Very Large String Here";
var array = theString.Split(new [] { ' ' }, 2); // return at most 2 parts
// note: be sure to check it's not an empty array
string firstElem = array[0];
// note: be sure to check length first
string restOfArray = array[1];
This is very similar to the Substring
method, just by a different means.
I found a simple & elegant method:
Code for the first activity:
final Object objSent = new Object();
final Bundle bundle = new Bundle();
bundle.putBinder("object_value", new ObjectWrapperForBinder(objSent));
startActivity(new Intent(this, SecondActivity.class).putExtras(bundle));
Log.d(TAG, "original object=" + objSent);
Code for the second activity:
final Object objReceived = ((ObjectWrapperForBinder)getIntent().getExtras().getBinder("object_value")).getData();
Log.d(TAG, "received object=" + objReceived);
you will find objSent
& objReceived
have the same hashCode
, so they are identical.
But why can we pass a java object in this way?
Actually, android binder will create global JNI reference for java object and release this global JNI reference when there are no reference for this java object. binder will save this global JNI reference in the Binder object.
*CAUTION: this method ONLY work unless the two activities run in the same process, otherwise throw ClassCastException at (ObjectWrapperForBinder)getIntent().getExtras().getBinder("object_value") *
class ObjectWrapperForBinder defination
public class ObjectWrapperForBinder extends Binder {
private final Object mData;
public ObjectWrapperForBinder(Object data) {
mData = data;
}
public Object getData() {
return mData;
}
}
But Method 2 has a little but serious issue, if the receiver fail to restore the java object (for example, some exception happen before restore the java object, or the receiver Activity does not exist at all), then the java object will become an orphan or memory leak, Method 1 don't have this issue, because android binder will handle this exception
To invoke the java object remotely, we will create a data contract/interface to describe the java object, we will use the aidl file
IDataContract.aidl
package com.example.objectwrapper;
interface IDataContract {
int func1(String arg1);
int func2(String arg1);
}
Code for the first activity
final IDataContract objSent = new IDataContract.Stub() {
@Override
public int func2(String arg1) throws RemoteException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
Log.d(TAG, "func2:: arg1=" + arg1);
return 102;
}
@Override
public int func1(String arg1) throws RemoteException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
Log.d(TAG, "func1:: arg1=" + arg1);
return 101;
}
};
final Bundle bundle = new Bundle();
bundle.putBinder("object_value", objSent.asBinder());
startActivity(new Intent(this, SecondActivity.class).putExtras(bundle));
Log.d(TAG, "original object=" + objSent);
Code for the second activity:
change the android:process attribute in AndroidManifest.xml to a non-empty process name to make sure the second activity run in another process
final IDataContract objReceived = IDataContract.Stub.asInterface(getIntent().getExtras().getBinder("object_value"));
try {
Log.d(TAG, "received object=" + objReceived + ", func1()=" + objReceived.func1("test1") + ", func2()=" + objReceived.func2("test2"));
} catch (RemoteException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
In this way, we can pass an interface between two activities even though they run in different process, and call the interface method remotely
method 3 seem not simple enough because we must implement an aidl interface. If you just want to do simple task and the method return value is unnecessary, we can use android.os.Messenger
Code for the first activity( sender):
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
private static final String TAG = "MainActivity";
public static final int MSG_OP1 = 1;
public static final int MSG_OP2 = 2;
public static final String EXTRA_MESSENGER = "messenger";
private final Handler mHandler = new Handler() {
@Override
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
Log.e(TAG, "handleMessage:: msg=" + msg);
switch (msg.what) {
case MSG_OP1:
break;
case MSG_OP2:
break;
default:
break;
}
super.handleMessage(msg);
}
};
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
startActivity(new Intent(this, SecondActivity.class).putExtra(EXTRA_MESSENGER, new Messenger(mHandler)));
}
}
Code for the second activity ( receiver ):
public class SecondActivity extends Activity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_second);
final Messenger messenger = getIntent().getParcelableExtra(MainActivity.EXTRA_MESSENGER);
try {
messenger.send(Message.obtain(null, MainActivity.MSG_OP1, 101, 1001, "10001"));
messenger.send(Message.obtain(null, MainActivity.MSG_OP2, 102, 1002, "10002"));
} catch (RemoteException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
All the Messenger.send will execute in a Handler asynchronously and sequentially.
Actually, android.os.Messenger is also an aidl interface, if you have the android source code, you can find a file named IMessenger.aidl
package android.os;
import android.os.Message;
/** @hide */
oneway interface IMessenger {
void send(in Message msg);
}
As of iOS10 you can use
UIApplication.sharedApplication().openURL(NSURL(string:"App-Prefs:root")!)
to open general settings.
also you can add known urls(you can see them in the most upvoted answer) to it to open specific settings. For example the below one opens touchID and passcode.
UIApplication.sharedApplication().openURL(NSURL(string:"App-Prefs:root=TOUCHID_PASSCODE")!)
You could use the struct
Python built-in library:
Encode:
import struct
i = -6884376
print('{0:b}'.format(i))
packed = struct.pack('>l', i) # Packing a long number.
unpacked = struct.unpack('>L', packed)[0] # Unpacking a packed long number to unsigned long
print(unpacked)
print('{0:b}'.format(unpacked))
Out:
-11010010000110000011000
4288082920
11111111100101101111001111101000
Decode:
dec_pack = struct.pack('>L', unpacked) # Packing an unsigned long number.
dec_unpack = struct.unpack('>l', dec_pack)[0] # Unpacking a packed unsigned long number to long (revert action).
print(dec_unpack)
Out:
-6884376
[NOTE]:
>
is BigEndian operation.l
is long.L
is unsigned long.amd64
architecture int
and long
are 32bit, So you could use i
and I
instead of l
and L
respectively. I usually put all my files like that into an "assets" folder in the application root, and then I make sure to use an Asset_Helper to point to those files for me. This is what CodeIgniter suggests.
Copy your source folder to somedir
:
cp -r srcdir
somedir
Remove all unneeded files:
find somedir -name '.svn' -exec rm -rf {} \+
launch scp from somedir
CREATE TABLE `voting` (
`QuestionID` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL,
`MemberId` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL,
`vote` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`QuestionID`,`MemberId`)
);