Thanks for the suggestions in the comments. I made a bit of a dirty hack to get what I want without having to create my own image. With javascript I first hide the default tag that's being used for the down arrow, like so:
$('b[role="presentation"]').hide();
I then included font-awesome in my page and add my own down arrow, again with a line of javascript, to replace the default one:
$('.select2-arrow').append('<i class="fa fa-angle-down"></i>');
Then with CSS I style the select boxes. I set the height, change the background color of the arrow area to a gradient black, change the width, font-size and also the color of the down arrow to white:
.select2-container .select2-choice {
padding: 5px 10px;
height: 40px;
width: 132px;
font-size: 1.2em;
}
.select2-container .select2-choice .select2-arrow {
background-image: -khtml-gradient(linear, left top, left bottom, from(#424242), to(#030303));
background-image: -moz-linear-gradient(top, #424242, #030303);
background-image: -ms-linear-gradient(top, #424242, #030303);
background-image: -webkit-gradient(linear, left top, left bottom, color-stop(0%, #424242), color-stop(100%, #030303));
background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(top, #424242, #030303);
background-image: -o-linear-gradient(top, #424242, #030303);
background-image: linear-gradient(#424242, #030303);
width: 40px;
color: #fff;
font-size: 1.3em;
padding: 4px 12px;
}
The result is the styling the way I want it:
Update 5/6/2015 As @Katie Lacy mentioned in the other answer the classnames have been changed in version 4 of Select2. The updated CSS with the new classnames should look like this:
.select2-container--default .select2-selection--single{
padding:6px;
height: 37px;
width: 148px;
font-size: 1.2em;
position: relative;
}
.select2-container--default .select2-selection--single .select2-selection__arrow {
background-image: -khtml-gradient(linear, left top, left bottom, from(#424242), to(#030303));
background-image: -moz-linear-gradient(top, #424242, #030303);
background-image: -ms-linear-gradient(top, #424242, #030303);
background-image: -webkit-gradient(linear, left top, left bottom, color-stop(0%, #424242), color-stop(100%, #030303));
background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(top, #424242, #030303);
background-image: -o-linear-gradient(top, #424242, #030303);
background-image: linear-gradient(#424242, #030303);
width: 40px;
color: #fff;
font-size: 1.3em;
padding: 4px 12px;
height: 27px;
position: absolute;
top: 0px;
right: 0px;
width: 20px;
}
JS:
$('b[role="presentation"]').hide();
$('.select2-selection__arrow').append('<i class="fa fa-angle-down"></i>');