I am writing a drop-in replacement for a legacy application in Java. One of the requirements is that the ini files that the older application used have to be read as-is into the new Java Application. The format of this ini files is the common windows style, with header sections and key=value pairs, using # as the character for commenting.
I tried using the Properties class from Java, but of course that won't work if there is name clashes between different headers.
So the question is, what would be the easiest way to read in this INI file and access the keys?
As simple as 80 lines:
package windows.prefs;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.regex.Matcher;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;
public class IniFile {
private Pattern _section = Pattern.compile( "\\s*\\[([^]]*)\\]\\s*" );
private Pattern _keyValue = Pattern.compile( "\\s*([^=]*)=(.*)" );
private Map< String,
Map< String,
String >> _entries = new HashMap<>();
public IniFile( String path ) throws IOException {
load( path );
}
public void load( String path ) throws IOException {
try( BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader( new FileReader( path ))) {
String line;
String section = null;
while(( line = br.readLine()) != null ) {
Matcher m = _section.matcher( line );
if( m.matches()) {
section = m.group( 1 ).trim();
}
else if( section != null ) {
m = _keyValue.matcher( line );
if( m.matches()) {
String key = m.group( 1 ).trim();
String value = m.group( 2 ).trim();
Map< String, String > kv = _entries.get( section );
if( kv == null ) {
_entries.put( section, kv = new HashMap<>());
}
kv.put( key, value );
}
}
}
}
}
public String getString( String section, String key, String defaultvalue ) {
Map< String, String > kv = _entries.get( section );
if( kv == null ) {
return defaultvalue;
}
return kv.get( key );
}
public int getInt( String section, String key, int defaultvalue ) {
Map< String, String > kv = _entries.get( section );
if( kv == null ) {
return defaultvalue;
}
return Integer.parseInt( kv.get( key ));
}
public float getFloat( String section, String key, float defaultvalue ) {
Map< String, String > kv = _entries.get( section );
if( kv == null ) {
return defaultvalue;
}
return Float.parseFloat( kv.get( key ));
}
public double getDouble( String section, String key, double defaultvalue ) {
Map< String, String > kv = _entries.get( section );
if( kv == null ) {
return defaultvalue;
}
return Double.parseDouble( kv.get( key ));
}
}
Here's a simple, yet powerful example, using the apache class HierarchicalINIConfiguration:
HierarchicalINIConfiguration iniConfObj = new HierarchicalINIConfiguration(iniFile);
// Get Section names in ini file
Set setOfSections = iniConfObj.getSections();
Iterator sectionNames = setOfSections.iterator();
while(sectionNames.hasNext()){
String sectionName = sectionNames.next().toString();
SubnodeConfiguration sObj = iniObj.getSection(sectionName);
Iterator it1 = sObj.getKeys();
while (it1.hasNext()) {
// Get element
Object key = it1.next();
System.out.print("Key " + key.toString() + " Value " +
sObj.getString(key.toString()) + "\n");
}
Commons Configuration has a number of runtime dependencies. At a minimum, commons-lang and commons-logging are required. Depending on what you're doing with it, you may require additional libraries (see previous link for details).
Or with standard Java API you can use java.util.Properties:
Properties props = new Properties();
try (FileInputStream in = new FileInputStream(path)) {
props.load(in);
}
Using answer by @Aerospace, I realized that it is legitimate for INI files to have sections without any key-values. In this case, addition to the top-level map should happen before any key-values are found, ex (minimally updated for Java 8):
Path location = ...;
try (BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(location.toFile()))) {
String line;
String section = null;
while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
Matcher m = this.section.matcher(line);
if (m.matches()) {
section = m.group(1).trim();
entries.computeIfAbsent(section, k -> new HashMap<>());
} else if (section != null) {
m = keyValue.matcher(line);
if (m.matches()) {
String key = m.group(1).trim();
String value = m.group(2).trim();
entries.get(section).put(key, value);
}
}
}
} catch (IOException ex) {
System.err.println("Failed to read and parse INI file '" + location + "', " + ex.getMessage());
ex.printStackTrace(System.err);
}
As mentioned, ini4j can be used to achieve this. Let me show one other example.
If we have an INI file like this:
[header]
key = value
The following should display value to STDOUT:
Ini ini = new Ini(new File("/path/to/file"));
System.out.println(ini.get("header", "key"));
Check the tutorials for more examples.
Another option is Apache Commons Config also has a class for loading from INI files. It does have some runtime dependencies, but for INI files it should only require Commons collections, lang, and logging.
I've used Commons Config on projects with their properties and XML configurations. It is very easy to use and supports some pretty powerful features.
In 18 lines, extending the java.util.Properties to parse into multiple sections:
public static Map<String, Properties> parseINI(Reader reader) throws IOException {
Map<String, Properties> result = new HashMap();
new Properties() {
private Properties section;
@Override
public Object put(Object key, Object value) {
String header = (((String) key) + " " + value).trim();
if (header.startsWith("[") && header.endsWith("]"))
return result.put(header.substring(1, header.length() - 1),
section = new Properties());
else
return section.put(key, value);
}
}.load(reader);
return result;
}
You could try JINIFile. Is a translation of the TIniFile from Delphi, but for java
Here's a simple, yet powerful example, using the apache class HierarchicalINIConfiguration:
HierarchicalINIConfiguration iniConfObj = new HierarchicalINIConfiguration(iniFile);
// Get Section names in ini file
Set setOfSections = iniConfObj.getSections();
Iterator sectionNames = setOfSections.iterator();
while(sectionNames.hasNext()){
String sectionName = sectionNames.next().toString();
SubnodeConfiguration sObj = iniObj.getSection(sectionName);
Iterator it1 = sObj.getKeys();
while (it1.hasNext()) {
// Get element
Object key = it1.next();
System.out.print("Key " + key.toString() + " Value " +
sObj.getString(key.toString()) + "\n");
}
Commons Configuration has a number of runtime dependencies. At a minimum, commons-lang and commons-logging are required. Depending on what you're doing with it, you may require additional libraries (see previous link for details).
hoat4's solution is very elegant and simple. It works for all sane ini files. However, I have seen many that have un-escaped space characters in the key.
To solve this, I have downloaded and modified a copy of java.util.Properties. Though this is a little unorthodox, and short-term, the actual mods were but a few lines and quite simple. I will be puting forward a proposal to the JDK community to include the changes.
By adding an internal class variable:
private boolean _spaceCharOn = false;
I control the processing related to scanning for the key/value separation point.
I replaced the space characters search code with a small private method that returns a boolean depending on the state of the above variable.
private boolean isSpaceSeparator(char c) {
if (_spaceCharOn) {
return (c == ' ' || c == '\t' || c == '\f');
} else {
return (c == '\t' || c == '\f');
}
}
This method is used in two places within the private method load0(...).
There is also a public method to switch it on, but it would be better to use the original version of Properties if the space separator is not an issue for your application.
If there is interest, I would be willing to post the code to my IniFile.java file. It works with either version of Properties.
Another option is Apache Commons Config also has a class for loading from INI files. It does have some runtime dependencies, but for INI files it should only require Commons collections, lang, and logging.
I've used Commons Config on projects with their properties and XML configurations. It is very easy to use and supports some pretty powerful features.
It is just as simple as this.....
//import java.io.FileInputStream;
//import java.io.FileInputStream;
Properties prop = new Properties();
//c:\\myapp\\config.ini is the location of the ini file
//ini file should look like host=localhost
prop.load(new FileInputStream("c:\\myapp\\config.ini"));
String host = prop.getProperty("host");
Or with standard Java API you can use java.util.Properties:
Properties props = new Properties();
try (FileInputStream in = new FileInputStream(path)) {
props.load(in);
}
I personally prefer Confucious.
It is nice, as it doesn't require any external dependencies, it's tiny - only 16K, and automatically loads your ini file on initialization. E.g.
Configurable config = Configuration.getInstance();
String host = config.getStringValue("host");
int port = config.getIntValue("port");
new Connection(host, port);
Or with standard Java API you can use java.util.Properties:
Properties props = new Properties();
try (FileInputStream in = new FileInputStream(path)) {
props.load(in);
}
hoat4's solution is very elegant and simple. It works for all sane ini files. However, I have seen many that have un-escaped space characters in the key.
To solve this, I have downloaded and modified a copy of java.util.Properties. Though this is a little unorthodox, and short-term, the actual mods were but a few lines and quite simple. I will be puting forward a proposal to the JDK community to include the changes.
By adding an internal class variable:
private boolean _spaceCharOn = false;
I control the processing related to scanning for the key/value separation point.
I replaced the space characters search code with a small private method that returns a boolean depending on the state of the above variable.
private boolean isSpaceSeparator(char c) {
if (_spaceCharOn) {
return (c == ' ' || c == '\t' || c == '\f');
} else {
return (c == '\t' || c == '\f');
}
}
This method is used in two places within the private method load0(...).
There is also a public method to switch it on, but it would be better to use the original version of Properties if the space separator is not an issue for your application.
If there is interest, I would be willing to post the code to my IniFile.java file. It works with either version of Properties.
Here's a simple, yet powerful example, using the apache class HierarchicalINIConfiguration:
HierarchicalINIConfiguration iniConfObj = new HierarchicalINIConfiguration(iniFile);
// Get Section names in ini file
Set setOfSections = iniConfObj.getSections();
Iterator sectionNames = setOfSections.iterator();
while(sectionNames.hasNext()){
String sectionName = sectionNames.next().toString();
SubnodeConfiguration sObj = iniObj.getSection(sectionName);
Iterator it1 = sObj.getKeys();
while (it1.hasNext()) {
// Get element
Object key = it1.next();
System.out.print("Key " + key.toString() + " Value " +
sObj.getString(key.toString()) + "\n");
}
Commons Configuration has a number of runtime dependencies. At a minimum, commons-lang and commons-logging are required. Depending on what you're doing with it, you may require additional libraries (see previous link for details).
It is just as simple as this.....
//import java.io.FileInputStream;
//import java.io.FileInputStream;
Properties prop = new Properties();
//c:\\myapp\\config.ini is the location of the ini file
//ini file should look like host=localhost
prop.load(new FileInputStream("c:\\myapp\\config.ini"));
String host = prop.getProperty("host");
I personally prefer Confucious.
It is nice, as it doesn't require any external dependencies, it's tiny - only 16K, and automatically loads your ini file on initialization. E.g.
Configurable config = Configuration.getInstance();
String host = config.getStringValue("host");
int port = config.getIntValue("port");
new Connection(host, port);
In 18 lines, extending the java.util.Properties to parse into multiple sections:
public static Map<String, Properties> parseINI(Reader reader) throws IOException {
Map<String, Properties> result = new HashMap();
new Properties() {
private Properties section;
@Override
public Object put(Object key, Object value) {
String header = (((String) key) + " " + value).trim();
if (header.startsWith("[") && header.endsWith("]"))
return result.put(header.substring(1, header.length() - 1),
section = new Properties());
else
return section.put(key, value);
}
}.load(reader);
return result;
}
Another option is Apache Commons Config also has a class for loading from INI files. It does have some runtime dependencies, but for INI files it should only require Commons collections, lang, and logging.
I've used Commons Config on projects with their properties and XML configurations. It is very easy to use and supports some pretty powerful features.
As simple as 80 lines:
package windows.prefs;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.regex.Matcher;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;
public class IniFile {
private Pattern _section = Pattern.compile( "\\s*\\[([^]]*)\\]\\s*" );
private Pattern _keyValue = Pattern.compile( "\\s*([^=]*)=(.*)" );
private Map< String,
Map< String,
String >> _entries = new HashMap<>();
public IniFile( String path ) throws IOException {
load( path );
}
public void load( String path ) throws IOException {
try( BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader( new FileReader( path ))) {
String line;
String section = null;
while(( line = br.readLine()) != null ) {
Matcher m = _section.matcher( line );
if( m.matches()) {
section = m.group( 1 ).trim();
}
else if( section != null ) {
m = _keyValue.matcher( line );
if( m.matches()) {
String key = m.group( 1 ).trim();
String value = m.group( 2 ).trim();
Map< String, String > kv = _entries.get( section );
if( kv == null ) {
_entries.put( section, kv = new HashMap<>());
}
kv.put( key, value );
}
}
}
}
}
public String getString( String section, String key, String defaultvalue ) {
Map< String, String > kv = _entries.get( section );
if( kv == null ) {
return defaultvalue;
}
return kv.get( key );
}
public int getInt( String section, String key, int defaultvalue ) {
Map< String, String > kv = _entries.get( section );
if( kv == null ) {
return defaultvalue;
}
return Integer.parseInt( kv.get( key ));
}
public float getFloat( String section, String key, float defaultvalue ) {
Map< String, String > kv = _entries.get( section );
if( kv == null ) {
return defaultvalue;
}
return Float.parseFloat( kv.get( key ));
}
public double getDouble( String section, String key, double defaultvalue ) {
Map< String, String > kv = _entries.get( section );
if( kv == null ) {
return defaultvalue;
}
return Double.parseDouble( kv.get( key ));
}
}
Using answer by @Aerospace, I realized that it is legitimate for INI files to have sections without any key-values. In this case, addition to the top-level map should happen before any key-values are found, ex (minimally updated for Java 8):
Path location = ...;
try (BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(location.toFile()))) {
String line;
String section = null;
while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
Matcher m = this.section.matcher(line);
if (m.matches()) {
section = m.group(1).trim();
entries.computeIfAbsent(section, k -> new HashMap<>());
} else if (section != null) {
m = keyValue.matcher(line);
if (m.matches()) {
String key = m.group(1).trim();
String value = m.group(2).trim();
entries.get(section).put(key, value);
}
}
}
} catch (IOException ex) {
System.err.println("Failed to read and parse INI file '" + location + "', " + ex.getMessage());
ex.printStackTrace(System.err);
}
As mentioned, ini4j can be used to achieve this. Let me show one other example.
If we have an INI file like this:
[header]
key = value
The following should display value to STDOUT:
Ini ini = new Ini(new File("/path/to/file"));
System.out.println(ini.get("header", "key"));
Check the tutorials for more examples.
You could try JINIFile. Is a translation of the TIniFile from Delphi, but for java
Another option is Apache Commons Config also has a class for loading from INI files. It does have some runtime dependencies, but for INI files it should only require Commons collections, lang, and logging.
I've used Commons Config on projects with their properties and XML configurations. It is very easy to use and supports some pretty powerful features.
Or with standard Java API you can use java.util.Properties:
Properties props = new Properties();
try (FileInputStream in = new FileInputStream(path)) {
props.load(in);
}
Here's a simple, yet powerful example, using the apache class HierarchicalINIConfiguration:
HierarchicalINIConfiguration iniConfObj = new HierarchicalINIConfiguration(iniFile);
// Get Section names in ini file
Set setOfSections = iniConfObj.getSections();
Iterator sectionNames = setOfSections.iterator();
while(sectionNames.hasNext()){
String sectionName = sectionNames.next().toString();
SubnodeConfiguration sObj = iniObj.getSection(sectionName);
Iterator it1 = sObj.getKeys();
while (it1.hasNext()) {
// Get element
Object key = it1.next();
System.out.print("Key " + key.toString() + " Value " +
sObj.getString(key.toString()) + "\n");
}
Commons Configuration has a number of runtime dependencies. At a minimum, commons-lang and commons-logging are required. Depending on what you're doing with it, you may require additional libraries (see previous link for details).
Source: Stackoverflow.com