How can I install a previous version of Python 3 in macOS using brew?
With the command brew install python I got the latest version of Python 3 (currently v3.7.0), but I want the last version of Python 3.6 (currently 3.6.5).
I have read about another package pyenv that can assist in handle different python installation, but this solution is not suitable for me.
To make a clean install of Python 3.6.5 use:
brew unlink python # ONLY if you have installed (with brew) another version of python 3
brew install --ignore-dependencies https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/homebrew-core/f2a764ef944b1080be64bd88dca9a1d80130c558/Formula/python.rb
If you prefer to recover a previously installed version, then:
brew info python # To see what you have previously installed
brew switch python 3.x.x_x # Ex. 3.6.5_1
There are two formulas for installing Python with Homebrew: python@2 and python.
The first is for Python 2 and the second for Python 3.
Note: You can find outdated answers on the web where it is mentioned python3 as the formula name for installing Python version 3. Now it's just python!
By default, with these formulas you can install the latest version of the corresponding major version of Python. So, you cannot directly install a minor version like 3.6.
With brew, you can install a package using the address of the formula, for example in a git repository.
brew install https://the/address/to/the/formula/FORMULA_NAME.rb
Or specifically for Python 3
brew install https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/homebrew-core/COMMIT_IDENTIFIER/Formula/python.rb
The address you must specify is the address to the last commit of the formula (python.rb) for the desired version. You can find the commint identifier by looking at the history for homebrew-core/Formula/python.rb
https://github.com/Homebrew/homebrew-core/commits/master/Formula/python.rb
In the link above you will not find a formula for a version of Python above 3.6.5. After the maintainers of that (official) repository released Python 3.7, they only submit updates to the recipe of Python 3.7.
As explained above, with homebrew you have only Python 2 (python@2) and Python 3 (python), there is no explicit formula for Python 3.6.
Although those minor updates are mostly irrelevant in most cases and for most users, I will search if someone has done an explicit formula for 3.6.
The easiest way for me was to install Anaconda: https://docs.anaconda.com/anaconda/install/
There I can create as many environments with different Python versions as I want and switch between them with a mouse click. It could not be easier.
To install different Python versions just follow these instructions https://docs.conda.io/projects/conda/en/latest/user-guide/tasks/manage-python.html
A new development environment with a different Python version was done within 2 minutes. And in the future I can easily switch back and forth.
I have tried everything but could not make it work. Finally I have used pyenv and it worked directly like a charm.
So having homebrew installed, juste do:
brew install pyenv
pyenv install 3.6.5
to manage virtualenvs:
brew install pyenv-virtualenv
pyenv virtualenv 3.6.5 env_name
See pyenv and pyenv-virtualenv for more info.
I have found using the pyenv-installer easier than homebrew to install pyenv and pyenv-virtualenv direclty:
curl https://pyenv.run | bash
To manage python version, either globally:
pyenv global 3.6.5
or locally in a given directory:
pyenv local 3.6.5
In case anyone face pip issue like below
pip is configured with locations that require TLS/SSL, however the ssl module in Python is not available.
The root cause is openssl 1.1 doesn’t support python 3.6 anymore. So you need to install old version openssl 1.0
here is the solution:
brew uninstall --ignore-dependencies openssl
brew install https://github.com/tebelorg/Tump/releases/download/v1.0.0/openssl.rb
I tried all the answers above to install Python 3.4.4. The installation of python worked, but PIP would not be installed and nothing I could do to make it work. I was using Mac OSX Mojave, which cause some issues with zlib, openssl.
What not to do:
Solution:
p.s: You don't have to uninstall your other version of Python on your system.
Edit:
I found a much much much better solution that work on MacOSX, Windows, Linux, etc.
conda initconda create -n [NameOfYour VirtualEnvironment] python=3.4.4conda info --envsconda activate [The name of your virtual environment that was shown with the command at step 5]What I did was first I installed python 3.7
brew install python3
brew unlink python
then I installed python 3.6.5 using above link
brew install --ignore-dependencies https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/homebrew-core/f2a764ef944b1080be64bd88dca9a1d80130c558/Formula/python.rb --ignore-dependencies
After that I ran brew link --overwrite python. Now I have all pythons in the system to create the virtual environments.
mian@tdowrick2~ $ python --version
Python 2.7.10
mian@tdowrick2~ $ python3.7 --version
Python 3.7.1
mian@tdowrick2~ $ python3.6 --version
Python 3.6.5
To create Python 3.7 virtual environment.
mian@tdowrick2~ $ virtualenv -p python3.7 env
Already using interpreter /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/bin/python3.7
Using base prefix '/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7'
New python executable in /Users/mian/env/bin/python3.7
Also creating executable in /Users/mian/env/bin/python
Installing setuptools, pip, wheel...
done.
mian@tdowrick2~ $ source env/bin/activate
(env) mian@tdowrick2~ $ python --version
Python 3.7.1
(env) mian@tdowrick2~ $ deactivate
To create Python 3.6 virtual environment
mian@tdowrick2~ $ virtualenv -p python3.6 env
Running virtualenv with interpreter /usr/local/bin/python3.6
Using base prefix '/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.6.5_1/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6'
New python executable in /Users/mian/env/bin/python3.6
Not overwriting existing python script /Users/mian/env/bin/python (you must use /Users/mian/env/bin/python3.6)
Installing setuptools, pip, wheel...
done.
mian@tdowrick2~ $ source env/bin/activate
(env) mian@tdowrick2~ $ python --version
Python 3.6.5
(env) mian@tdowrick2~ $
As an update, when doing
brew unlink python # If you have installed (with brew) another version of python
brew install https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/homebrew-core/f2a764ef944b1080be64bd88dca9a1d80130c558/Formula/python.rb
You may encounter
Error: python contains a recursive dependency on itself:
python depends on sphinx-doc
sphinx-doc depends on python
To bypass it, add the --ignore-dependencies argument to brew install.
brew unlink python # If you have installed (with brew) another version of python
brew install --ignore-dependencies https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/homebrew-core/f2a764ef944b1080be64bd88dca9a1d80130c558/Formula/python.rb
To solve this with homebrew, you can temporarily backdate homebrew-core and set the HOMEBREW_NO_AUTO_UPDATE variable to hold it in place:
cd `brew --repo homebrew/core`
git checkout f2a764ef944b1080be64bd88dca9a1d80130c558
export HOMEBREW_NO_AUTO_UPDATE=1
brew install python
I don't recommend permanently backdating homebrew-core, as you will miss out on security patches, but it is useful for testing purposes.
You can also extract old versions of homebrew formulae into your own tap (tap_owner/tap_name) using the brew extract command:
brew extract python tap_owner/tap_name --version=3.6.5
Source: Stackoverflow.com