How can I see the size of files and directories in linux

Question

How can I see the size of files and directories in Linux  If use df -m  then it shows the size of all the directory at the top level  but  for the directories and files inside the directory  how do I check the size

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You can use below command to get list of files in easily human readable format      ls -lrtsh

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To get the total size of directory or the total size of file use   du -csh  lt directory or filename  gt    grep total

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go to specific directory then run below command     du -sh     4 0K    1 4 0K    anadb sh -- gt  Shell file 4 0K    db sh     -- gt  shell file 24K     backup4   -- gt  Directory 8 0K    backup6   -- gt  Directory  1 9G    backup sql gz  -- gt  sql file

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Go to the chosen directory and execute     du -d 1 -h   where   -d 1 is the depth of the directories  -h is the human-readable option   You ll see like that   0     proc 8 5M      run 0     sys 56M   etc 12G   root 33G   var 23M   tmp 3 2G      usr 154M      boot 26G   home 0     media 0     mnt 421M      opt 0     srv 2 6G      backups 80G

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I m a Ubuntu 16 04 user myself and I find that the ll command is by far the easiest way to see a directory s contents  I ve noticed that not all Linux distributions support this command  but there s probably a workaround install for each distro out there   Example   user user-XPS-15-9560    ll total 188 drwxr-xr-x  27 root root  4096 Jan 26 09 13    drwxr-xr-x  27 root root  4096 Jan 26 09 13     drwxr-xr-x   2 root root  4096 Jan 22 15 13 bin  drwxr-xr-x   4 root root 12288 Jan 29 11 35 boot  drwxr-xr-x   2 root root  4096 Sep  3 18 14 cdrom  drwxr-xr-x  20 root root  4440 Feb  5 08 43 dev  drwxr-xr-x 153 root root 12288 Feb  2 15 17 etc  drwxr-xr-x   4 root root  4096 Sep  3 18 15 home        The biggest advantage for me is that it s quick and really intuitive to use    UPDATE  what I didn t know was that on Ubuntu it s a pre-configured alias  You can easily set it yourself by executing alias ll  ls -la  on the command line  or by adding this entry in your  bashrc config file   sudo nano    bashrc    add line described above and save file by pressing Ctrl X and Y    source    bashrc

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File Size in MB  ls -l --b M  filename   cut -d     -f5   File Size in GB  ls -l --b G  filename   cut -d     -f5

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You can use   ls -lh  Using this command you ll see the apparent space of the directory and true space of the files and in details the names of the files displayed  besides the size and creation date of each

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If you are using it in a script  use stat     date   tee  tmp foo Wed Mar 13 05 36 31 UTC 2019    stat -c  s  tmp foo 29    ls -l  tmp foo -rw-r--r--  1 bruno  wheel  29 Mar 13 05 36  tmp foo   That will give you size in bytes   See man stat for more output format options   The OSX BSD equivalent is     date   tee  tmp foo Wed Mar 13 00 54 16 EDT 2019    stat -f  z  tmp foo 29    ls -l  tmp foo -rw-r--r--  1 bruno  wheel  29 Mar 13 00 54  tmp foo

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All you need is -l and --block-size flags  Size of all files and directories under working directory  in MBs   ls -l --block-size M     Size of all files and directories under working directory  in GBs   ls -l --block-size G     Size of a specific file or directory  ls -l --block-size M my file txt ls -l --block-size M my dir       ls --help       -l                         use a long listing format      --block-size SIZE        scale sizes by SIZE before printing them  e g                                     --block-size M  prints sizes in units of                                  1 048 576 bytes  see SIZE format below      SIZE is an integer and optional unit  example  10M is 10 1024 1024      Units are K  M  G  T  P  E  Z  Y  powers of 1024  or KB  MB         powers of 1000

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You have to differenciate between file size and disk usage  The main difference between the two comes from the fact that files are  cut into pieces  and stored in blocks   Modern block size is 4KiB  so files will use disk space multiple of 4KiB  regardless of how small they are   If you use the command stat you can see both figures side by side    stat file c   If you want a more compact view for a directory  you can use ls -ls  which will give you usage in 1KiB units   ls -ls dir   Also du will give you real disk usage  in 1KiB units  or dutree with the -u flag   Example  usage of a 1 byte file    echo     gt  file c    ls -l file c -rw-r--r-- 1 nacho nacho 1 Apr 30 20 42 file c    ls -ls file c 4 -rw-r--r-- 1 nacho nacho 1 Apr 30 20 42 file c    du file c 4 file c    dutree file c   file c 1 B      dutree -u file c   file c 4 00 KiB      stat file c  File  file c  Size  1 Blocks  8 IO Block  4096 regular file Device  2fh 47d Inode  2185244 Links  1 Access   0644 -rw-r--r--  Uid    1000  nacho  Gid    1000  nacho  Access  2018-04-30 20 41 58 002124411  0200 Modify  2018-04-30 20 42 24 835458383  0200 Change  2018-04-30 20 42 24 835458383  0200  Birth  -   In addition  in modern filesystems we can have snapshots  sparse files  files with holes in them  that further complicate the situation   You can see more details in this article  understanding file size in Linux

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I do the following all the time     du -sh backup-lr-May-02-2017-1493723588 tar gz   NB    -s  --summarize             display only a total for each argument -h  --human-readable             print sizes in human readable format  e g   1K 234M 2G

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You can use ncdu disk usage analyzer here  It displays the size of the files and directories in an ncurses interface  You can navigate to each directory and see the files sizes from the same interface   To install    sudo apt-get install ncdu   To analyze    ncdu  lt directory gt

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There is du command  Size of a directory and or file  in a human-friendly way    du -sh  bashrc  tmp  I memorised it as a non-existent English word dush   --apparent-size command line switch makes it measure apparent sizes  what ls shows  rather than actual disk usage

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du -sh  file name    works perfectly to get size of a particular file

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Use ls -s to list file size  or if you prefer ls -sh for human readable sizes   For directories use du  and again  du -h for human readable sizes

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ls -sh video mp4   sed s video mp4  g  output  5 6M

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There is also a great ncdu utility - it can show directory size with detailed info about subfolders and files   Installation  Ubuntu     sudo apt-get install ncdu   Usage  Just type ncdu  path  in the command line  After a few seconds for analyzing the path  you will see something like this     ncdu 1 11   Use the arrow keys to navigate  press   for help ---   ---------------------------------------------------------    96 1 GiB               home    17 7 GiB               usr     4 5 GiB               var     1 1 GiB               lib   732 1 MiB               opt   275 6 MiB               boot   198 0 MiB               storage   153 5 MiB               run    16 6 MiB               etc    13 5 MiB               bin    11 3 MiB               sbin     8 8 MiB               tmp     2 2 MiB               dev    16 0 KiB               lost found     8 0 KiB               media     8 0 KiB               snap     4 0 KiB               lib64 e   4 0 KiB               srv     4 0 KiB               root e   4 0 KiB               mnt e   4 0 KiB               cdrom     0 0   B               proc     0 0   B               sys     0 0   B               initrd img old     0 0   B               initrd img     0 0   B               vmlinuz old     0 0   B               vmlinuz   Delete the currently highlighted element with d  exit with CTRL   c

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you can use ls -sh in linux you can do sort also you need  to go to dir where you want to check the size of files

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ls -l --block-size M will give you a long format listing  needed to actually see the file size  and round file sizes up to the nearest MiB   If you want MB  10 6 bytes  rather than MiB  2 20 bytes  units  use --block-size MB instead   If you don t want the M suffix attached to the file size  you can use something like --block-size 1M  Thanks St  phane Chazelas for suggesting this   This is described in the man page for ls  man ls and search for SIZE  It allows for units other than MB MiB as well  and from the looks of it  I didn t try that  arbitrary block sizes as well  so you could see the file size as number of 412-byte blocks  if you want to    Note that the --block-size parameter is a GNU extension on top of the Open Group s ls  so this may not work if you don t have a GNU userland  which most Linux installations do   The ls from GNU coreutils 8 5 does support --block-size as described above

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Use ls command with -h argument   root hots19 etc    ls -lh h   for human readable   Exemple        root CIEYY1Z3 etc   ls -lh     total 1 4M     -rw-r--r--   1 root   root      44M Sep 15  2015 adjtime     -rw-r--r--   1 root   root     1 5K Jun  7  2013 aliases     -rw-r--r--   1 root   root      12K Nov 25  2015 aliases db     drwxr-xr-x   2 root   root     4 0K Jan 11  2018 alternatives     -rw-------   1 root   root      541 Jul  8  2014 anacrontab     -rw-r--r--   1 root   root      55M Sep 16  2014 asound conf     -rw-r--r--   1 root   root       1G Oct  6  2014 at deny

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Use ls command for files and du command for directories   Checking File Sizes  ls -l filename    Displays Size of the specified file ls -l             Displays Size of All the files in the current directory ls -al            Displays Size of All the files including hidden files in the current directory ls -al dir        Displays Size of All the files including hidden files in the  dir  directory   ls command will not list the actual size of directories why    Therefore  we use du for this purpose   Checking Directory sizes  du -sh directory name     Gives you the summarized -s  size of the directory in human readable -h  format du -bsh                   Gives you the apparent -b  summarized -s  size of all the files and directories in the current directory in human readable -h  format   Including -h option in any of the above commands  for Ex  ls -lh   or du -sh  will give you size in human readable format  kb  mb gb        For more information see man ls and man du

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I prefer this command ll -sha

[linux] How can I see the size of files and directories in linux?

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