Please follow this guide: https://gist.github.com/feczo/7282a6e00181fde4281b with pictures.
In short:
Using Puttygen, click 'Generate' move the mouse around as instructed and wait
Enter your desired username
Enter your password
Save the private key
Copy the entire content of the 'Public key for pasting into OpenSSH authorized_keys file' window. Make sure to copy every single character from the beginning to the very end!
Go to the Create instances page in the Google Cloud Platform Console and in the advanced options link paste the contents of your public key.
Note the IP address of the instance once it is complete. Open putty, from the left hand menu go to Connection / SSH / Auth and define the key file location which was saved.
From the left hand menu go to Connection / Data and define the same username
Now login with the password you specified earlier and run
sudo su
- and you are all set.